Breast feeding and obesity: cross sectional study.

PubWeight™: 3.42‹?› | Rank: Top 1%

🔗 View Article (PMC 28161)

Published in BMJ on July 17, 1999

Authors

R von Kries1, B Koletzko, T Sauerwald, E von Mutius, D Barnert, V Grunert, H von Voss

Author Affiliations

1: Institute for Social Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Heiglhofstr 63, D-81377 Munich, Germany.

Associated clinical trials:

Breastfeeding Support Intervention in Jaundiced Infants | NCT00966719

Nutritive Efficacy and Safety of a Modified Infant Formula With a Reduced Protein Content and Improved Protein Quality | NCT02469402

Articles citing this

Relation of body mass index to asthma and atopy in children: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study III. Thorax (2001) 3.10

Characterization of the diversity and temporal stability of bacterial communities in human milk. PLoS One (2011) 2.09

Maternal environment and genotype interact to establish diabesity in mice. Genome Res (2000) 2.00

Early developmental conditioning of later health and disease: physiology or pathophysiology? Physiol Rev (2014) 1.86

Prevalence of anemia among James Bay Cree infants of northern Quebec. CMAJ (2000) 1.63

Dynamics of early childhood overweight. Pediatrics (2005) 1.58

Birth weight and long-term overweight risk: systematic review and a meta-analysis including 643,902 persons from 66 studies and 26 countries globally. PLoS One (2012) 1.58

Association of breastfeeding with maternal control of infant feeding at age 1 year. Pediatrics (2004) 1.54

Associations between sleep duration patterns and overweight/obesity at age 6. Sleep (2008) 1.51

To what extent is the protective effect of breastfeeding on future overweight explained by decreased maternal feeding restriction? Pediatrics (2006) 1.42

The obesity epidemic in young children. Reduce television viewing and promote playing. BMJ (2001) 1.41

Infant feeding and adult glucose tolerance, lipid profile, blood pressure, and obesity. Arch Dis Child (2000) 1.30

Interventions aimed at decreasing obesity in children younger than 2 years: a systematic review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med (2010) 1.28

Breast-feeding and overweight in adolescence: within-family analysis [corrected]. Epidemiology (2006) 1.26

Obesity in children & adolescents. Indian J Med Res (2010) 1.23

Biological determinants linking infant weight gain and child obesity: current knowledge and future directions. Adv Nutr (2012) 1.21

Study of Women, Infant Feeding, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus after GDM pregnancy (SWIFT), a prospective cohort study: methodology and design. BMC Public Health (2011) 1.18

A history of infant feeding. J Perinat Educ (2009) 1.17

Opportunities for the primary prevention of obesity during infancy. Adv Pediatr (2009) 1.07

Predictors of overweight and obesity in five to seven-year-old children in Germany: results from cross-sectional studies. BMC Public Health (2008) 1.06

Association between breast feeding and growth: the Boyd-Orr cohort study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed (2002) 1.04

The relation of breastfeeding and body mass index to asthma and atopy in children: a prospective cohort study to age 6 years. Am J Public Health (2004) 1.00

The association between breastfeeding and childhood obesity: a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health (2014) 0.99

Breast feeding and cardiovascular disease risk factors, incidence, and mortality: the Caerphilly study. J Epidemiol Community Health (2005) 0.95

Breast feeding and obesity. Relation may be accounted for by social factors. BMJ (1999) 0.92

Etiologies of obesity in children: nature and nurture. Pediatr Clin North Am (2011) 0.91

Developmental gene x environment interactions affecting systems regulating energy homeostasis and obesity. Front Neuroendocrinol (2010) 0.89

Socioeconomic position and childhood-adolescent weight status in rich countries: a systematic review, 1990-2013. BMC Pediatr (2015) 0.88

Influence of breastfeeding on maternal blood pressure at one month postpartum. Int J Womens Health (2012) 0.88

Relationship between breastfeeding and obesity in childhood. J Health Popul Nutr (2012) 0.88

Mastitis is associated with increased free fatty acids, somatic cell count, and interleukin-8 concentrations in human milk. Breastfeed Med (2012) 0.87

Metabolic programming of obesity by energy restriction during the perinatal period: different outcomes depending on gender and period, type and severity of restriction. Front Physiol (2012) 0.86

Maternal obesity, environmental factors, cesarean delivery and breastfeeding as determinants of overweight and obesity in children: results from a cohort. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth (2015) 0.85

Nongenetic determinants of age at menarche: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int (2014) 0.84

Excessive Leucine-mTORC1-Signalling of Cow Milk-Based Infant Formula: The Missing Link to Understand Early Childhood Obesity. J Obes (2012) 0.83

Breastfeeding helps explain racial and socioeconomic status disparities in adolescent adiposity. Pediatrics (2008) 0.83

Alimentary Epigenetics: A Developmental Psychobiological Systems View of the Perception of Hunger, Thirst and Satiety. Dev Rev (2008) 0.83

The effects of breastfeeding exclusivity on early childhood outcomes. Am J Public Health (2013) 0.82

Relationship between feeding modes and infant weight gain in the first month of life. Exp Ther Med (2012) 0.82

Factors associated with prelacteal feeding in the rural population of northwest Ethiopia: a community cross-sectional study. Int Breastfeed J (2016) 0.81

The role of law in the control of obesity in England: looking at the contribution of law to a healthy food culture. Aust New Zealand Health Policy (2008) 0.80

Adolescent metabolic syndrome risk is increased with higher infancy weight gain and decreased with longer breast feeding. Int J Pediatr (2012) 0.80

Effect of lactation on maternal postpartum cardiac function and adiposity: a murine model. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2014) 0.80

Blood cell transcriptomic-based early biomarkers of adverse programming effects of gestational calorie restriction and their reversibility by leptin supplementation. Sci Rep (2015) 0.80

Socio-economic position as an intervention against overweight and obesity in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep (2015) 0.79

Nutrition for healthy term infants, six to 24 months: An overview. Paediatr Child Health (2014) 0.78

The Effects of Leptin on Breastfeeding Behaviour. Int J Environ Res Public Health (2015) 0.78

national survey on the pattern of breastfeeding in Iranian infants: The IrMIDHS study. Med J Islam Repub Iran (2016) 0.78

Determinants of childhood obesity in representative sample of children in north East of iran. Cholesterol (2012) 0.78

Initiation of complementary feeding and duration of total breastfeeding: unlimited access to lactation consultants versus routine care at the well-baby clinics. Breastfeed Med (2014) 0.78

Determinants, consequences and prevention of childhood overweight and obesity: An Indian context. Indian J Endocrinol Metab (2014) 0.78

Differences in BMI z-scores between offspring of smoking and nonsmoking mothers: a longitudinal study of German children from birth through 14 years of age. Environ Health Perspect (2014) 0.78

Breastfeeding versus formula-feeding and girls' pubertal development. Matern Child Health J (2015) 0.78

Early weaning and other potential risk factors for overweight among preschool children. Clinics (Sao Paulo) (2010) 0.78

Early Programming by Protein Intake: The Effect of Protein on Adiposity Development and the Growth and Functionality of Vital Organs. Nutr Metab Insights (2016) 0.78

Leptin intake in suckling rats restores altered T3 levels and markers of adipose tissue sympathetic drive and function caused by gestational calorie restriction. Int J Obes (Lond) (2015) 0.77

Breastfeeding duration and childhood overweight among low-income children in Kansas, 1998-2002. Am J Public Health (2007) 0.77

Effects on childhood body habitus of feeding large volumes of cow or formula milk compared with breastfeeding in the latter part of infancy. Am J Clin Nutr (2015) 0.77

Association between Infant Feeding and Early Postpartum Infant Body Composition: A Pilot Prospective Study. Int J Pediatr (2009) 0.77

Breast feeding and obesity. BMJ (2003) 0.77

Exclusive Breast Feeding in Low Birth Weight Babies. Med J Armed Forces India (2011) 0.76

Leptin Levels Are Higher in Whole Compared to Skim Human Milk, Supporting a Cellular Contribution. Nutrients (2016) 0.76

Predictors of Infant Feeding Frequency by Mexican Immigrant Mothers. Top Clin Nutr (2008) 0.76

The effects of breastfeeding on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine levels and body composition in children. Breastfeed Med (2014) 0.75

Low breastfeeding rates and body mass index in Danish children of women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Int Breastfeed J (2015) 0.75

Preventing obesity. Prevention starts in infancy. BMJ (2003) 0.75

Early Risk Factors of Overweight Developmental Trajectories during Middle Childhood. PLoS One (2015) 0.75

Breastfeeding Practices among Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders. J Obes (2016) 0.75

Breast feeding and obesity. Prolonging breast feeding to reduce obesity may be a burden. BMJ (1999) 0.75

Childhood obesity. Breast feeding is important. BMJ (2000) 0.75

Influence of weight gain rate on early life nutritional status and body composition of children. ScientificWorldJournal (2014) 0.75

A breastfeeding strategy for Northern Ireland. Ulster Med J (2000) 0.75

Articles cited by this

Measurement and long-term health risks of child and adolescent fatness. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (1997) 5.62

Catch-up growth in childhood and death from coronary heart disease: longitudinal study. BMJ (1999) 5.17

Body Mass Index variations: centiles from birth to 87 years. Eur J Clin Nutr (1991) 4.60

Childhood antecedents of adult obesity. Do chubby infants become obese adults? N Engl J Med (1976) 3.72

Breast vs bottle: endocrine responses are different with formula feeding. Lancet (1980) 2.52

Relationship of childhood weight status to morbidity in adults. HSMHA Health Rep (1971) 2.26

Role of fetal and infant growth in programming metabolism in later life. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc (1997) 2.23

Longitudinal study of obesity in the National Survey of Health and Development. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1981) 2.02

Secular increases in relative weight and adiposity among children over two decades: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics (1997) 1.91

Gluconeogenesis, glucose handling, and structural changes in livers of the adult offspring of rats partially deprived of protein during pregnancy and lactation. J Clin Invest (1997) 1.74

Influence of macronutrients on adiposity development: a follow up study of nutrition and growth from 10 months to 8 years of age. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (1995) 1.56

Do breast-feeding and delayed introduction of solid foods protect against subsequent obesity? J Pediatr (1981) 1.55

Nature, nurture, and childhood overweight. Br Med J (1978) 1.54

Obesity in childhood: A community study in Newcastle upon Tyne. Lancet (1977) 1.42

Energy and protein intakes of breast-fed and formula-fed infants during the first year of life and their association with growth velocity: the DARLING Study. Am J Clin Nutr (1993) 1.42

Programming of hepatic insulin-sensitive enzymes in offspring of rat dams fed a protein-restricted diet. Am J Physiol (1997) 1.35

Metabolic and endocrine responses to a milk feed in six-day-old term infants: differences between breast and cow's milk formula feeding. Acta Paediatr Scand (1981) 1.23

Effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) on human adipocyte development and function. Eur J Clin Invest (1995) 1.20

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) inhibits the differentiation of human adipocyte precursor cells in primary culture. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (1994) 1.08

For how long is exclusive breast-feeding adequate to satisfy the dietary energy needs of the average young baby? Pediatr Res (1995) 1.08

Periodic health examination, 1994 update: 1. Obesity in childhood. Canadian Task Force on the Periodic Health Examination. CMAJ (1994) 0.96

Individual patterns of food intake development in children: a 10 months to 8 years of age follow-up study of nutrition and growth. Physiol Behav (1996) 0.93

Ethnicity, infant-feeding practices, and childhood adiposity. J Dev Behav Pediatr (1990) 0.92

Nutrient balance and android body fat distribution: why not a role for protein? Am J Clin Nutr (1996) 0.86

Articles by these authors

Road traffic and adverse effects on respiratory health in children. BMJ (1993) 5.43

Early exposure to house-dust mite and cat allergens and development of childhood asthma: a cohort study. Multicentre Allergy Study Group. Lancet (2000) 5.22

Exposure to farming in early life and development of asthma and allergy: a cross-sectional survey. Lancet (2001) 4.70

Enteral nutrient supply for preterm infants: commentary from the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr (2010) 4.32

Breast-feeding and childhood obesity--a systematic review. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (2004) 4.17

Worldwide variations in the prevalence of symptoms of atopic eczema in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol (1999) 3.87

Early childhood infectious diseases and the development of asthma up to school age: a birth cohort study. BMJ (2001) 3.09

Urban traffic and pollutant exposure related to respiratory outcomes and atopy in a large sample of children. Eur Respir J (2003) 2.79

A cluster of seven tightly linked polymorphisms in the IL-13 gene is associated with total serum IgE levels in three populations of white children. J Allergy Clin Immunol (2000) 2.68

Reduced risk for overweight and obesity in 5- and 6-y-old children by duration of sleep--a cross-sectional study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (2002) 2.67

Phase II of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J (2004) 2.36

Dietary products used in infants for treatment and prevention of food allergy. Joint Statement of the European Society for Paediatric Allergology and Clinical Immunology (ESPACI) Committee on Hypoallergenic Formulas and the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) Committee on Nutrition. Arch Dis Child (1999) 2.32

Worldwide variations in prevalence of symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in children: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Pediatr Allergy Immunol (1997) 2.15

Comment on antigen-reduced infant formulae. ESPGAN Committee on Nutrition. Acta Paediatr (1993) 2.04

Genetic risk for asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Arch Dis Child (1992) 1.96

Association between polymorphisms in serine protease inhibitor, kazal type 5 and asthma phenotypes in a large German population sample. Clin Exp Allergy (2004) 1.80

Inverse association of farm milk consumption with asthma and allergy in rural and suburban populations across Europe. Clin Exp Allergy (2007) 1.78

GA(2)LEN skin test study I: GA(2)LEN harmonization of skin prick testing: novel sensitization patterns for inhalant allergens in Europe. Allergy (2009) 1.72

Persistence of neurological damage induced by dietary vitamin B-12 deficiency in infancy. Arch Dis Child (1997) 1.71

Pro: the increase in asthma can be ascribed to cleanliness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (2001) 1.65

Inner city air pollution and respiratory health and atopy in children. Eur Respir J (1999) 1.63

The pattern of atopic sensitization is associated with the development of asthma in childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol (2001) 1.60

Lower prevalence of asthma and atopy in Turkish children living in Germany. Eur Respir J (1999) 1.58

Childhood risk factors for atopy and the importance of early intervention. J Allergy Clin Immunol (2001) 1.57

GA(2)LEN skin test study II: clinical relevance of inhalant allergen sensitizations in Europe. Allergy (2009) 1.51

Glutathione S transferase deficiency and passive smoking increase childhood asthma. Thorax (2004) 1.49

Allergic diseases and atopic sensitization in children related to farming and anthroposophic lifestyle--the PARSIFAL study. Allergy (2006) 1.49

Can farm milk consumption prevent allergic diseases? Clin Exp Allergy (2011) 1.46

Is obesity a risk factor for childhood asthma? Allergy (2001) 1.45

No increase in the prevalence of asthma, allergies, and atopic sensitisation among children in Germany: 1992-2001. Thorax (2005) 1.43

Influence of age on 13C-urea breath test results in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr (2000) 1.34

Evaluation of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test (HpSA) for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Am J Gastroenterol (2001) 1.31

How well do questionnaires perform compared with physical examination in detecting flexural eczema? Findings from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Two. Br J Dermatol (2009) 1.30

Letter: Sodium valproate and platelet function. Br Med J (1976) 1.29

Intake of trans fatty acids and prevalence of childhood asthma and allergies in Europe. ISAAC Steering Committee. Lancet (1999) 1.28

The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three: a global synthesis. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) (2012) 1.26

The introduction of solids in relation to asthma and eczema. Arch Dis Child (2004) 1.24

Prevalence of respiratory and atopic disorders among children in the East and West of Germany five years after unification. Eur Respir J (1999) 1.23

GA2LEN (Global Allergy and Asthma European Network) addresses the allergy and asthma 'epidemic'. Allergy (2009) 1.22

Prevalence of coeliac disease in diabetic children and adolescents. A multicentre study. Eur J Pediatr (1988) 1.22

Bacterial and fungal components in house dust of farm children, Rudolf Steiner school children and reference children--the PARSIFAL Study. Allergy (2005) 1.16

Determinants of endotoxin levels in living environments of farmers' children and their peers from rural areas. Clin Exp Allergy (2004) 1.14

Bacterial and fungal agents in house dust and wheeze in children: the PARSIFAL study. Clin Exp Allergy (2005) 1.13

Lifelong farm exposure may strongly reduce the risk of asthma in adults. Allergy (2007) 1.12

The relation of markers of fetal growth with asthma, allergies and serum immunoglobulin E levels in children at age 5-7 years. Clin Exp Allergy (2004) 1.11

Farm exposure in utero may protect against asthma, hay fever and eczema. Eur Respir J (2008) 1.11

Farm exposure and time trends in early childhood may influence DNA methylation in genes related to asthma and allergy. Allergy (2013) 1.09

Ataxia-deafness-retardation syndrome in three sisters. Neuropediatrics (1987) 1.07

Exposure to pets, and the association with hay fever, asthma, and atopic sensitization in rural children. Allergy (2005) 1.05

International variation in prevalence of rhinitis and its relationship with sensitisation to perennial and seasonal allergens. Eur Respir J (2008) 1.05

Influencing factors of screen time in preschool children: an exploration of parents' perceptions through focus groups in six European countries. Obes Rev (2012) 1.05

Impairment of T helper and T regulatory cell responses at birth. Allergy (2008) 1.05

GA2LEN skin test study III: minimum battery of test inhalent allergens needed in epidemiological studies in patients. Allergy (2009) 1.03

Clinical and diagnostic approach in unsolved CDG patients with a type 2 transferrin pattern. Biochim Biophys Acta (2011) 1.03

Effect of dampness at home in childhood on bronchial hyperreactivity in adolescence. Thorax (1998) 1.03

Effect of protein intake and weight gain velocity on body fat mass at 6 months of age: the EU Childhood Obesity Programme. Int J Obes (Lond) (2012) 1.03

Fatty acid composition of lipid classes in maternal and cord plasma at birth. Eur J Pediatr (1998) 1.02

A multi-centre study of candidate genes for wheeze and allergy: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase 2. Clin Exp Allergy (2009) 1.02

Resting energy expenditure is increased in infants and children with extrahepatic biliary atresia. J Pediatr Surg (1989) 1.01

Nonlinear relations between house dust mite allergen levels and mite sensitization in farm and nonfarm children. Allergy (2006) 1.00

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), Recommended Dietary Intakes (RDIs), Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs), and Population Reference Intakes (PRIs) are not "recommended intakes". J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr (1997) 1.00

Acrodermatitis enteropathica with normal serum zinc levels: diagnostic value of small bowel biopsy and essential fatty acid determination. Gut (1989) 1.00

Smoking and the incidence of asthma during adolescence: results of a large cohort study in Germany. Thorax (2006) 0.99

Atopic dermatitis, extrinsic atopic dermatitis and the hygiene hypothesis: results from a cross-sectional study. Clin Exp Allergy (2005) 0.99

Asthma and allergic symptoms in relation to house dust endotoxin: Phase Two of the International Study on Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC II). Clin Exp Allergy (2008) 0.99

Perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in human breast milk: results of a pilot study. Int J Hyg Environ Health (2007) 0.99

[Effects of passive smoking on the pediatric respiratory tract]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (1992) 0.98

Association between exposure to farming, allergies and genetic variation in CARD4/NOD1. Allergy (2006) 0.98

Reduced antioxidant status in obese children with multimetabolic syndrome. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (2004) 0.98

Estimation of arachidonic acid synthesis in full term neonates using natural variation of 13C content. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr (1995) 0.97

Isotope-selective non-dispersive infrared spectrometry for detection of Helicobacter pylori infection with 13C-urea breath test. Lancet (1995) 0.97

Does breast-feeding protect against childhood obesity? Adv Exp Med Biol (2000) 0.97

Asthma and atopy: has peak prevalence been reached? Eur Respir J (2004) 0.97

Inverse association of overweight and breast feeding in 9 to 10-y-old children in Germany. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord (2001) 0.96

Fish oil supplementation improves visual evoked potentials in children with phenylketonuria. Neurology (2001) 0.95

The nutritional and safety assessment of breast milk substitutes and other dietary products for infants: a commentary by the ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr (2001) 0.95

International variations in associations of allergic markers and diseases in children: ISAAC Phase Two. Allergy (2009) 0.94

Docosahexaenoic acid transfer into human milk after dietary supplementation: a randomized clinical trial. J Lipid Res (2000) 0.93

Nutritional and biochemical properties of human milk: II. Lipids, micronutrients, and bioactive factors. Clin Perinatol (1999) 0.93

Effect of capsaicin-containing red pepper sauce suspension on upper gastrointestinal motility in healthy volunteers. Dig Dis Sci (1998) 0.93

Comment on the content and composition of lipids in infant formulas. ESPGAN Committee on Nutrition. Acta Paediatr Scand (1992) 0.93

Exposure to microbial agents in house dust and wheezing, atopic dermatitis and atopic sensitization in early childhood: a birth cohort study in rural areas. Clin Exp Allergy (2012) 0.92

Physiological aspects of human milk lipids. Early Hum Dev (2001) 0.92

Micronutrients in pregnancy: current knowledge and unresolved questions. Clin Nutr (2011) 0.92

Safety of stable isotope use. Eur J Pediatr (1997) 0.91

Rare TLR2 mutations reduce TLR2 receptor function and can increase atopy risk. Allergy (2009) 0.91

The use of stable isotope techniques for nutritional and metabolic research in paediatrics. Early Hum Dev (1998) 0.91

Congenital anomalies in patients with choanal atresia: CHARGE-association. Eur J Pediatr (1984) 0.91

Lung function of school children with low levels of alpha1-antitrypsin and tobacco smoke exposure. Eur Respir J (2002) 0.90

Congenital anaplastic astrocytoma with favorable prognosis. Case report. J Neurosurg (1988) 0.90

[The language of pediatric asthma patients. A study of symptom description]. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (1993) 0.90

Do respiratory symptoms predict job choices in teenagers? Eur Respir J (2006) 0.90

Leisure time activity and new onset of wheezing during adolescence. Eur Respir J (2007) 0.90

The protective effect of farm animal exposure on childhood allergy is modified by NPSR1 polymorphisms. J Med Genet (2008) 0.90

Multiple intracranial metastases from a prolactin secreting pituitary tumour. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) (1985) 0.90