Published in N Engl J Med on March 12, 2006
HOPE-2 Study (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-2 Study) | NCT00106886
5-Methyltetrahydrofolate Survival and Inflammation in ESRD Patients | NCT00626223
2009 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult - 2009 recommendations. Can J Cardiol (2009) 5.65
Multivitamins in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: the Physicians' Health Study II randomized controlled trial. JAMA (2012) 4.40
Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement--recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Can J Cardiol (2006) 4.02
Cardiovascular disease prevention with a multidrug regimen in the developing world: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Lancet (2006) 3.60
Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke (2014) 3.48
Effects of homocysteine lowering with B vitamins on cognitive aging: meta-analysis of 11 trials with cognitive data on 22,000 individuals. Am J Clin Nutr (2014) 2.81
Influence of nitrous oxide anesthesia, B-vitamins, and MTHFR gene polymorphisms on perioperative cardiac events: the vitamins in nitrous oxide (VINO) randomized trial. Anesthesiology (2013) 2.39
Effects of folic acid supplementation on overall and site-specific cancer incidence during the randomised trials: meta-analyses of data on 50,000 individuals. Lancet (2013) 2.37
Effect of combined folic acid, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 on cancer risk in women: a randomized trial. JAMA (2008) 2.32
Food synergy: an operational concept for understanding nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr (2009) 2.19
Homocysteine trials--clear outcomes for complex reasons. N Engl J Med (2006) 2.12
Mechanistic insights into folic acid-dependent vascular protection: dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)-mediated reduction in oxidant stress in endothelial cells and angiotensin II-infused mice: a novel HPLC-based fluorescent assay for DHFR activity. J Mol Cell Cardiol (2009) 2.09
Paradoxical absence of a prothrombotic phenotype in a mouse model of severe hyperhomocysteinemia. Blood (2011) 2.02
Homocysteine, B vitamins, and the incidence of dementia and cognitive impairment: results from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. Am J Clin Nutr (2007) 1.98
A multi-marker approach to predict incident CKD and microalbuminuria. J Am Soc Nephrol (2010) 1.95
Folic acid, homocysteine, and cardiovascular disease: judging causality in the face of inconclusive trial evidence. BMJ (2006) 1.93
Effects of B vitamins and omega 3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases: a randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ (2010) 1.89
Sex/gender differences in cardiovascular disease prevention: what a difference a decade makes. Circulation (2011) 1.88
Folic acid, pyridoxine, and cyanocobalamin combination treatment and age-related macular degeneration in women: the Women's Antioxidant and Folic Acid Cardiovascular Study. Arch Intern Med (2009) 1.83
Efficacy of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic Acid in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis. Stroke (2010) 1.75
Air pollution, smoking, and plasma homocysteine. Environ Health Perspect (2006) 1.53
The homocysteine paradox. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol (2008) 1.50
Vitamin B12 and health. Can Fam Physician (2008) 1.44
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C-->T polymorphism as a modulator of a B vitamin network with major effects on homocysteine metabolism. Am J Hum Genet (2007) 1.42
Methotrexate therapy associates with reduced prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis patients over the age of 60- more than just an anti-inflammatory effect? A cross sectional study. Arthritis Res Ther (2009) 1.39
A trial of B vitamins and cognitive function among women at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr (2008) 1.37
The HDL hypothesis: does high-density lipoprotein protect from atherosclerosis? J Lipid Res (2010) 1.36
Folate: a magic bullet or a double edged sword for colorectal cancer prevention? Gut (2006) 1.34
Murine models of hyperhomocysteinemia and their vascular phenotypes. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol (2008) 1.33
Mouse models of cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency reveal significant threshold effects of hyperhomocysteinemia. FASEB J (2008) 1.32
Traffic-related particles are associated with elevated homocysteine: the VA normative aging study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (2008) 1.27
The treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia. Annu Rev Med (2009) 1.23
Vascular complications of cystathionine β-synthase deficiency: future directions for homocysteine-to-hydrogen sulfide research. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (2010) 1.23
Do we know enough? A scientific and ethical analysis of the basis for genetic-based personalized nutrition. Genes Nutr (2013) 1.23
Betaine and Trimethylamine-N-Oxide as Predictors of Cardiovascular Outcomes Show Different Patterns in Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Study. PLoS One (2014) 1.23
Folate, cancer risk, and the Greek god, Proteus: a tale of two chameleons. Nutr Rev (2009) 1.21
Cancer risk with folic acid supplements: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open (2012) 1.20
Limitations of observational evidence: implications for evidence-based dietary recommendations. Adv Nutr (2014) 1.19
Severe hyperhomocysteinemia promotes bone marrow-derived and resident inflammatory monocyte differentiation and atherosclerosis in LDLr/CBS-deficient mice. Circ Res (2012) 1.18
Homocysteine lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2009) 1.17
Homocysteine imbalance: a pathological metabolic marker. Adv Nutr (2012) 1.14
Interactions between the single nucleotide polymorphisms in the homocysteine pathway (MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298 A>C, and CBSins) and the efficacy of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors in preventing cardiovascular disease in high-risk patients of hypertension: the GenHAT study. Pharmacogenet Genomics (2008) 1.12
Vitamin B12 in health and disease. Nutrients (2010) 1.07
Effects of metformin with or without supplementation with folate on homocysteine levels and vascular endothelium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Diabetes Care (2009) 1.07
Homocysteine promotes human endothelial cell dysfunction via site-specific epigenetic regulation of p66shc. Cardiovasc Res (2011) 1.04
Quo vadis: whither homocysteine research? Cardiovasc Toxicol (2009) 1.04
Baseline characteristics of participants in the Folic Acid for Vascular Outcome Reduction in Transplantation (FAVORIT) Trial. Am J Kidney Dis (2008) 1.03
Should folic acid fortification be mandatory? Yes. BMJ (2007) 1.02
Randomized multicenter investigation of folate plus vitamin B12 supplementation in schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry (2013) 1.02
Too much folate: a risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care (2009) 1.02
Micronutrients in health and disease. Postgrad Med J (2006) 1.01
Blood levels of homocysteine, cysteine, glutathione, folic acid, and vitamin B12 in the acute phase of atherothrombotic stroke. Neurol Sci (2009) 1.01
Homocysteine lowering and cardiovascular disease risk: lost in translation. Can J Cardiol (2007) 0.98
Homocysteine and vascular disease: review of published results of the homocysteine-lowering trials. J Inherit Metab Dis (2010) 0.98
Predictors of vitamin B6 and folate concentrations in older persons: the InCHIANTI study. Clin Chem (2006) 0.98
Relationship between lipid profiles and plasma total homocysteine, cysteine and the risk of coronary artery disease in coronary angiographic subjects. Lipids Health Dis (2011) 0.97
Homocysteine, B vitamins, and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med (2006) 0.97
Oxidant stress in HIV-infected women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Antivir Ther (2009) 0.96
Should folic acid fortification be mandatory? No. BMJ (2007) 0.96
Homocysteine supplementation attenuates the unfolded protein response in a murine nutritional model of steatohepatitis. J Biol Chem (2009) 0.96
A cost-effectiveness analysis of folic acid fortification policy in the United States. Public Health Nutr (2008) 0.96
Effect of L-methionine on hot flashes in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Menopause (2009) 0.95
Homocysteine and Hypertension in Diabetes: Does PPARgamma Have a Regulatory Role? PPAR Res (2010) 0.94
Effects of L-isoleucine and L-valine on hot flushes and serum homocysteine: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol (2008) 0.94
Relationship of homocysteine levels to quadriceps strength, gait speed, and late-life disability in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci (2007) 0.94
Diet and incident venous thromboembolism: the Iowa Women's Health Study. Am Heart J (2009) 0.94
Hormonal contraception and thrombotic risk: a multidisciplinary approach. Pediatrics (2011) 0.94
Cobalamin deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and dementia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat (2010) 0.94
Both paraoxonase-1 genotype and activity do not predict the risk of future coronary artery disease; the EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Population Study. PLoS One (2009) 0.93
Genome-wide meta-analysis of homocysteine and methionine metabolism identifies five one carbon metabolism loci and a novel association of ALDH1L1 with ischemic stroke. PLoS Genet (2014) 0.93
Laboratory markers of cardiovascular risk in pediatric SLE: the APPLE baseline cohort. Lupus (2010) 0.92
Risk factor management to prevent first stroke. Neurol Clin (2008) 0.92
Folic acid supplementation promotes mammary tumor progression in a rat model. PLoS One (2014) 0.92
Association between low-dose folic acid supplementation and blood lipids concentrations in male and female subjects with atherosclerosis risk factors. Med Sci Monit (2013) 0.91
Danshensu protects vascular endothelia in a rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia. Acta Pharmacol Sin (2010) 0.91
Overexpression of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase protects against cerebral vascular effects of hyperhomocysteinemia. Circ Res (2009) 0.91
Results of observational studies: analysis of findings from the Nurses' Health Study. PLoS One (2014) 0.91
Defects in homocysteine metabolism: diversity among hyperhomocyst(e)inemias. Clin Chem Lab Med (2007) 0.91
The polypill in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: cost-effectiveness in the Dutch population. BMJ Open (2011) 0.90
The effect of long-term homocysteine-lowering on carotid intima-media thickness and flow-mediated vasodilation in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord (2008) 0.90
Betaine and secondary events in an acute coronary syndrome cohort. PLoS One (2012) 0.90
Hearing impairment risk and interaction of folate metabolism related gene polymorphisms in an aging study. BMC Med Genet (2011) 0.89
Effect of folic acid supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One (2011) 0.89
Pre-operative homocysteine levels and morbidity and mortality following cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J (2009) 0.88
Effects of folic acid supplementation on serum folate and plasma homocysteine concentrations in older adults: a dose-response trial. Am J Epidemiol (2010) 0.87
Plasma total cysteine and total homocysteine and risk of myocardial infarction in women: a prospective study. Am Heart J (2010) 0.87
Role of homocysteine in aortic calcification and osteogenic cell differentiation. Atherosclerosis (2008) 0.87
A nutrient-dense, high-fiber, fruit-based supplement bar increases HDL cholesterol, particularly large HDL, lowers homocysteine, and raises glutathione in a 2-wk trial. FASEB J (2012) 0.86
Homocysteine Triggers Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages through Inhibiting CSE-H2S Signaling via DNA Hypermethylation of CSE Promoter. Int J Mol Sci (2015) 0.86
Effect of folic acid and betaine supplementation on flow-mediated dilation: a randomized, controlled study in healthy volunteers. PLoS Clin Trials (2006) 0.86
Folic acid inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages by suppressing MAPKs and NF-κB activation. Inflamm Res (2011) 0.85
The genetics of vascular complications in diabetes mellitus. Cardiol Clin (2010) 0.85
The effect of homocysteine-lowering with B-vitamins on osteoporotic fractures in patients with cerebrovascular disease: substudy of VITATOPS, a randomised placebo-controlled trial. BMC Geriatr (2013) 0.85
Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med (2008) 43.36
Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med (2009) 39.97
Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med (2008) 19.76
Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med (2009) 18.03
Effects of combination lipid therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med (2010) 16.40
Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med (1991) 16.19
Renal outcomes with telmisartan, ramipril, or both, in people at high vascular risk (the ONTARGET study): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial. Lancet (2008) 13.34
Effects of extended-release metoprolol succinate in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery (POISE trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet (2008) 13.15
Effect of clopidogrel added to aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med (2009) 11.49
Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet (2010) 11.25
Reduction in C-reactive protein and LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular event rates after initiation of rosuvastatin: a prospective study of the JUPITER trial. Lancet (2009) 10.52
Basal insulin and cardiovascular and other outcomes in dysglycemia. N Engl J Med (2012) 10.09
Effects of candesartan on mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure: the CHARM-Overall programme. Lancet (2003) 9.98
Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med (2011) 9.97
Effect of ramipril on the incidence of diabetes. N Engl J Med (2006) 9.69
Dronedarone in high-risk permanent atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med (2011) 8.93
Radial versus femoral access for coronary angiography and intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (RIVAL): a randomised, parallel group, multicentre trial. Lancet (2011) 8.49
Randomized trial of primary PCI with or without routine manual thrombectomy. N Engl J Med (2015) 7.83
Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med (2014) 7.54
Effects of long-term vitamin E supplementation on cardiovascular events and cancer: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA (2005) 7.35
Excess of rare variants in genes identified by genome-wide association study of hypertriglyceridemia. Nat Genet (2010) 7.08
Routine vs selective invasive strategies in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials. JAMA (2005) 6.81
Prednisolone and Mycobacterium indicus pranii in tuberculous pericarditis. N Engl J Med (2014) 6.65
Risk of bleeding with 2 doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin in older and younger patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy (RE-LY) trial. Circulation (2011) 6.48
Risk factors for early myocardial infarction in South Asians compared with individuals in other countries. JAMA (2007) 6.38
n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia. N Engl J Med (2012) 6.16
Aspirin in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. N Engl J Med (2014) 6.10
Aspirin and extended-release dipyridamole versus clopidogrel for recurrent stroke. N Engl J Med (2008) 6.08
Dose comparisons of clopidogrel and aspirin in acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med (2010) 6.05
2012 update of the Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult. Can J Cardiol (2013) 5.97
Tobacco use and risk of myocardial infarction in 52 countries in the INTERHEART study: a case-control study. Lancet (2006) 5.85
Aspirin-resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. Circulation (2002) 5.79
Effects of fondaparinux on mortality and reinfarction in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: the OASIS-6 randomized trial. JAMA (2006) 5.74
2009 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult - 2009 recommendations. Can J Cardiol (2009) 5.65
The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol (2010) 5.54
Lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher albuminuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A collaborative meta-analysis of high-risk population cohorts. Kidney Int (2011) 5.47
Randomized Trial of Benznidazole for Chronic Chagas' Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med (2015) 5.31
Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data. Lancet (2008) 5.27
Comparison of fondaparinux and enoxaparin in acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med (2006) 5.24
Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. JAMA (2013) 5.19
Use of ramipril in preventing stroke: double blind randomised trial. BMJ (2002) 4.91
Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio as predictors of cardiovascular events: meta-regression analysis of prospective studies. Eur Heart J (2007) 4.88
Association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with blood pressure. N Engl J Med (2014) 4.86
Early versus delayed invasive intervention in acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med (2009) 4.83
Red cell distribution width as a novel prognostic marker in heart failure: data from the CHARM Program and the Duke Databank. J Am Coll Cardiol (2007) 4.74
Effects of CYP2C19 genotype on outcomes of clopidogrel treatment. N Engl J Med (2010) 4.73
Urinary sodium and potassium excretion and risk of cardiovascular events. JAMA (2011) 4.68
Association between postoperative troponin levels and 30-day mortality among patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. JAMA (2012) 4.58
A randomized trial of rosuvastatin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med (2009) 4.46
Defining obesity cut points in a multiethnic population. Circulation (2007) 4.42
Prevention of atrial fibrillation with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: a meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol (2005) 4.40
Lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins as risk markers of myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): a case-control study. Lancet (2008) 4.37
Need for expertise based randomised controlled trials. BMJ (2005) 4.34
Periprocedural bleeding and thromboembolic events with dabigatran compared with warfarin: results from the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) randomized trial. Circulation (2012) 4.33
Off-pump or on-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting at 30 days. N Engl J Med (2012) 4.32
Effects of off-pump and on-pump coronary-artery bypass grafting at 1 year. N Engl J Med (2013) 4.27
Risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in Africa: the INTERHEART Africa study. Circulation (2005) 4.21
HDL cholesterol and residual risk of first cardiovascular events after treatment with potent statin therapy: an analysis from the JUPITER trial. Lancet (2010) 4.07
Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement--recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease. Can J Cardiol (2006) 4.02
Association between adoption of evidence-based treatment and survival for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. JAMA (2011) 3.90
Renal function as a predictor of outcome in a broad spectrum of patients with heart failure. Circulation (2006) 3.85