Zinc in DNA polymerases.

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Sorbitol dehydrogenase is a zinc enzyme. EMBO J (1984) 0.84

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The deoxyribonucleic acid polymerases from the diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis. Partial purification and characterization of four distinct activities. Biochem J (1977) 0.78

Sea urchin (Anthocidaris crassispina) egg zinc-binding protein. Cellular localization, purification and characterization. Biochem J (1983) 0.77

Macromolecular composition of a Cellulomonas sp. cultivated in continuous culture under glucose and zinc limitation. Appl Environ Microbiol (1979) 0.77

Inhibition of DNA replication and repair by cadmium in mammalian cells. Protective interaction of zinc. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 0.76

Divalent ions attenuate DNA synthesis by human DNA polymerase α by changing the structure of the template/primer or by perturbing the polymerase reaction. DNA Repair (Amst) (2016) 0.76

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Preferential inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis by a new thiosemicarbazone possessing antibacterial and antiparasitic properties. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1981) 0.75

Fidelity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Science (1988) 8.08

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8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage, causes G----T and A----C substitutions. J Biol Chem (1992) 6.20

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Site-specific mutagenesis by error-directed DNA synthesis. Nature (1982) 4.46

Deoxynucleoside [1-thio]triphosphates prevent proofreading during in vitro DNA synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1981) 4.14

The Werner syndrome protein is a DNA helicase. Nat Genet (1997) 4.03

Human werner syndrome DNA helicase unwinds tetrahelical structures of the fragile X syndrome repeat sequence d(CGG)n. J Biol Chem (1999) 3.39

Fidelity of two retroviral reverse transcriptases during DNA-dependent DNA synthesis in vitro. Mol Cell Biol (1989) 3.00

Infidelity of DNA synthesis associated with bypass of apurinic sites. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 2.95

The fragile X syndrome d(CGG)n nucleotide repeats form a stable tetrahelical structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 2.72

Apurinic sites as mutagenic intermediates. Cell (1985) 2.63

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Depurination-induced infidelity of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis with purified deoxyribonucleic acid replication proteins in vitro. Biochemistry (1983) 2.38

Werner syndrome protein. I. DNA helicase and dna exonuclease reside on the same polypeptide. J Biol Chem (1998) 2.30

The infidelity of avian myeloblastosis virus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase in polynucleotide replication. J Biol Chem (1974) 2.28

Fidelity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase copying RNA in vitro. Biochemistry (1992) 2.27

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Mutagenesis during in vitro DNA synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1978) 2.05

Mutagenesis in vitro by DNA polymerase from an RNA tumour virus. Nature (1979) 2.00

Purification and properties of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase from nuclei of sea urchin embryos. J Biol Chem (1969) 2.00

Werner syndrome protein. II. Characterization of the integral 3' --> 5' DNA exonuclease. J Biol Chem (1998) 1.90

Aspects of enzyme mechanisms studies by nuclear spin relazation induced by paramagnetic probes. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol (1970) 1.90

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The mutation rate and cancer. Genetics (1998) 1.88

Nucleotide sequence preservation of human mitochondrial DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 1.88

Prokaryotic DNA polymerase I: evolution, structure, and "base flipping" mechanism for nucleotide selection. J Mol Biol (2001) 1.88

Infidelity of DNA synthesis in vitro: screening for potential metal mutagens or carcinogens. Science (1976) 1.87

Creation of drug-specific herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase mutants for gene therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.87

Significance of multiple mutations in cancer. Carcinogenesis (2000) 1.86

Kinetic and ultraviolet spectroscopic studies of active-site mutants of delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase. Biochemistry (1989) 1.85

The Werner syndrome gene: the molecular basis of RecQ helicase-deficiency diseases. Trends Genet (2000) 1.84

A cryptic proofreading 3'----5' exonuclease associated with the polymerase subunit of the DNA polymerase-primase from Drosophila melanogaster. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 1.83

Characterization of Werner syndrome protein DNA helicase activity: directionality, substrate dependence and stimulation by replication protein A. Nucleic Acids Res (1998) 1.80

Kinetic and magnetic resonance studies of the pyruvate kinase reaction. II. Complexes of enzyme, metal, and substrates. J Biol Chem (1966) 1.79

An RNA polymerase mutant with reduced accuracy of chain elongation. Biochemistry (1986) 1.75

Random mutagenesis of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I: concordance of immutable sites in vivo with the crystal structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.72

Extension of mismatched 3' termini of DNA is a major determinant of the infidelity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.71

Mutagenic spectrum resulting from DNA damage by oxygen radicals. Biochemistry (1991) 1.69

Reverse chemical mutagenesis: identification of the mutagenic lesions resulting from reactive oxygen species-mediated damage to DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.69

An E. coli promoter that regulates transcription by DNA superhelix-induced cruciform extrusion. Science (1988) 1.69

Surgical management of valvular disease in patients requiring left ventricular assist device support. Ann Thorac Surg (2001) 1.68

Smoking and lung cancer: an overview. Cancer Res (1984) 1.67

On the fidelity of DNA replication. The accuracy of T4 DNA polymerases in copying phi X174 DNA in vitro. J Biol Chem (1984) 1.65

Differential extension of 3' mispairs is a major contribution to the high fidelity of calf thymus DNA polymerase-alpha. J Biol Chem (1989) 1.63

Analysis of c-Ki-ras mutations in human colon carcinoma by cell sorting, polymerase chain reaction, and DNA sequencing. Cancer Res (1989) 1.63

Mammalian DNA polymerase beta can substitute for DNA polymerase I during DNA replication in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem (1992) 1.60

On the fidelity of DNA replication. The accuracy of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I in copying natural DNA in vitro. J Biol Chem (1980) 1.58

Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I mutants with altered fidelity. Interacting mutations in the O-helix. J Biol Chem (2000) 1.58

Environments and mechanistic roles of the tyrosine residues of delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase. Biochemistry (1993) 1.53

On the fidelity of DNA replication. Effect of the next nucleotide on proofreading. J Biol Chem (1981) 1.53

Mutation spectrum of copper-induced DNA damage. J Biol Chem (1991) 1.51

Induction of microsatellite instability by oxidative DNA damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.51

Interactions between the Werner syndrome helicase and DNA polymerase delta specifically facilitate copying of tetraplex and hairpin structures of the d(CGG)n trinucleotide repeat sequence. J Biol Chem (2001) 1.50

Kinetic and magnetic resonance studies of active-site mutants of staphylococcal nuclease: factors contributing to catalysis. Biochemistry (1987) 1.46

NMR docking of a substrate into the X-ray structure of staphylococcal nuclease. Proteins (1992) 1.46

Australia antigen (a hepatitis-associated antigen): purification and physical properties. J Exp Med (1970) 1.46

Vaccinia DNA topoisomerase I: single-turnover and steady-state kinetic analysis of the DNA strand cleavage and ligation reactions. Biochemistry (1994) 1.46

A single highly mutable catalytic site amino acid is critical for DNA polymerase fidelity. J Biol Chem (2000) 1.46

Mutagenic potential of O4-methylthymine in vivo determined by an enzymatic approach to site-specific mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.45

On the fidelity of DNA replication. Accuracy of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. J Biol Chem (1979) 1.43

Mutagenesis resulting from depurination is an SOS process. Mutat Res (1982) 1.42

Functional interaction between the Werner Syndrome protein and DNA polymerase delta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.42

Promoters selected from random DNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.41

Mutagenesis in vitro by depurination of phiX174 dna. Nature (1981) 1.41

DNA polymerase active site is highly mutable: evolutionary consequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.41

Copying natural RNAs with E. coli DNA polymerase I. Nat New Biol (1973) 1.39

DNA polymerase delta is required for base excision repair of DNA methylation damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.39

Werner syndrome exonuclease catalyzes structure-dependent degradation of DNA. Nucleic Acids Res (2000) 1.38

The vinyl chloride DNA derivative N2,3-ethenoguanine produces G----A transitions in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.38

Multiple amino acid substitutions allow DNA polymerases to synthesize RNA. J Biol Chem (2000) 1.37

Studies on the mechanism of drug-induced microsomal enzyme activities. V. Phenobarbital stimulation of endogenous messenger RNA and polyuridylic acid-directed L-[14C]-phenylalanine incorporation. Mol Pharmacol (1966) 1.36

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Vaccinia DNA topoisomerase I: evidence supporting a free rotation mechanism for DNA supercoil relaxation. Biochemistry (1997) 1.35

Mutations in the KRAS2 oncogene during progressive stages of human colon carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.34

Low fidelity mutants in the O-helix of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I. J Biol Chem (1997) 1.34

Effects of depurination on the fidelity of DNA synthesis. J Mol Biol (1979) 1.34

NMR evidence for the participation of a low-barrier hydrogen bond in the mechanism of delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.33

The role of metal ions in the mechanisms of DNA and RNA polymerases. CRC Crit Rev Biochem (1979) 1.33

Mutants generated by the insertion of random oligonucleotides into the active site of the beta-lactamase gene. Biochemistry (1989) 1.33

Stuies on the interaction of substrate and monovalent and divalent cations with pyruvate kinase. Biochemistry (1966) 1.33

Mechanism of malic enzyme from pigeon liver. Magnetic resonance and kinetic studies of the role of Mn2+. J Biol Chem (1976) 1.32

On the association of reverse transcriptase with polynucleotide templates during catalysis. Biochemistry (1976) 1.32

DNA sequences of random origin as probes of Escherichia coli promoter architecture. J Biol Chem (1988) 1.28

Proton magnetic relaxation studies of the interaction of D-xylose and xylitol with D-xylose isomerase. Characterization of metal-enzyme-substrate interactions. J Biol Chem (1975) 1.27

Induction of DNA polymerase in human lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1968) 1.27

Kinetic analysis of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I. J Biol Chem (1975) 1.27

On the fidelity of transcription by Escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase. J Mol Biol (1975) 1.26

Sea urchin nuclear DNA polymerase. Methods Enzymol (1974) 1.26