Published in Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol on December 01, 2002
Kent State University / Price Chopper Employee Wellness Study | NCT03454009
Global challenge of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2007) 7.84
Clostridium difficile infection in patients discharged from US short-stay hospitals, 1996-2003. Emerg Infect Dis (2006) 7.64
Chlorhexidine bathing and health care-associated infections: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA (2015) 4.30
Guidelines for the prevention of intravascular catheter-related infections. Clin Infect Dis (2011) 4.09
Effect of hand hygiene on infectious disease risk in the community setting: a meta-analysis. Am J Public Health (2008) 3.61
Summary of recommendations: Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-related Infections. Clin Infect Dis (2011) 2.49
SHEA/APIC guideline: infection prevention and control in the long-term care facility, July 2008. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2008) 2.35
Monitoring hand hygiene via human observers: how should we be sampling? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2012) 2.11
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections of the eye and orbit (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis). Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc (2006) 2.05
Using sensor networks to study the effect of peripatetic healthcare workers on the spread of hospital-associated infections. J Infect Dis (2012) 1.99
SHEA/APIC Guideline: Infection prevention and control in the long-term care facility. Am J Infect Control (2008) 1.56
Norovirus. Clin Microbiol Rev (2015) 1.41
Evaluation of an automated ultraviolet radiation device for decontamination of Clostridium difficile and other healthcare-associated pathogens in hospital rooms. BMC Infect Dis (2010) 1.35
What infection control measures will people carry out to reduce transmission of pandemic influenza? A focus group study. BMC Public Health (2009) 1.28
Clostridium difficile infection. Am J Med Sci (2010) 1.17
Clostridium difficile Infection and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review. Gastroenterol Res Pract (2011) 1.11
Understanding infection prevention and control in nursing homes: A qualitative study. Geriatr Nurs (2015) 1.10
Conceptual model for reducing infections and antimicrobial resistance in skilled nursing facilities: focusing on residents with indwelling devices. Clin Infect Dis (2011) 1.09
Bench-to-bedside review: Clostridium difficile colitis. Crit Care (2008) 1.08
Risk practices associated with bacterial infections among injection drug users in Denver, Colorado. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse (2010) 1.08
Should we use large scale healthcare interventions without clear evidence that benefits outweigh costs and harms? No. BMJ (2008) 1.06
Knowledge and attitudes of university students toward pandemic influenza: a cross-sectional study from Turkey. BMC Public Health (2010) 1.05
Observing and improving hand hygiene compliance: implementation and refinement of an electronic-assisted direct-observer hand hygiene audit program. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2012) 1.04
New strategies to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Nat Rev Urol (2012) 1.03
Economic burden of healthcare-associated infections: an American perspective. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res (2009) 1.01
Detailed contact data and the dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals. PLoS Comput Biol (2015) 1.01
Improved Hand Hygiene Compliance is Associated with the Change of Perception toward Hand Hygiene among Medical Personnel. Infect Chemother (2014) 0.99
Bacterial contamination of unused, disposable non-sterile gloves on a hospital orthopaedic ward. Australas Med J (2013) 0.98
Factors impacting hand hygiene compliance among new interns: findings from a mandatory patient safety course. J Grad Med Educ (2010) 0.97
Biofilms of Candida albicans serotypes A and B differ in their sensitivity to photodynamic therapy. Lasers Med Sci (2014) 0.95
Guidelines for prevention of hospital acquired infections. Indian J Crit Care Med (2014) 0.92
The hygienic efficacy of different hand-drying methods: a review of the evidence. Mayo Clin Proc (2012) 0.91
Virus transfer from personal protective equipment to healthcare employees' skin and clothing. Emerg Infect Dis (2008) 0.91
Evaluation of a hand-held far-ultraviolet radiation device for decontamination of Clostridium difficile and other healthcare-associated pathogens. BMC Infect Dis (2012) 0.91
Blue light kills Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans due to its endogenous photosensitizers. Clin Oral Investig (2013) 0.89
Comparison of methods for evaluation of the bactericidal activity of copper-sputtered surfaces against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Appl Environ Microbiol (2012) 0.88
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii on computer interface surfaces of hospital wards and association with clinical isolates. BMC Infect Dis (2009) 0.88
A comparison of the bacteria found on the hands of 'homemakers' and neonatal intensive care unit nurses. J Hosp Infect (2003) 0.86
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Hand Hygiene among Medical and Nursing Students at a Tertiary Health Care Centre in Raichur, India. ISRN Prev Med (2014) 0.85
Adoption of alcohol-based handrub by United States hospitals: a national survey. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2008) 0.85
Healthcare worker contact networks and the prevention of hospital-acquired infections. PLoS One (2013) 0.85
Environmental factors and their association with emergency department hand hygiene compliance: an observational study. BMJ Qual Saf (2015) 0.84
Reduced triclosan susceptibility in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2004) 0.84
Infection control practice in the operating room: staff adherence to existing policies in a developing country. Perm J (2013) 0.83
Infrastructure and contamination of the physical environment in three Bangladeshi hospitals: putting infection control into context. PLoS One (2014) 0.82
Decreasing expander breast infection: A new drain care protocol. Can J Plast Surg (2009) 0.82
Winter season, frequent hand washing, and irritant patch test reactions to detergents are associated with hand dermatitis in health care workers. Dermatitis (2013) 0.82
Attitudes and beliefs about hand hygiene among paediatric residents: a qualitative study. BMJ Open (2012) 0.81
Outbreak of ampicillin/piperacillin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU): investigation and control measures. Int J Environ Res Public Health (2013) 0.81
Staphylococcus aureus but not Listeria monocytogenes adapt to triclosan and adaptation correlates with increased fabI expression and agr deficiency. BMC Microbiol (2013) 0.81
The impact of absorbed photons on antimicrobial photodynamic efficacy. Front Microbiol (2015) 0.81
Presence, distribution, and molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a small animal teaching hospital: a year-long active surveillance targeting dogs and their environment. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis (2013) 0.80
The durability of examination gloves used on intensive care units. BMC Infect Dis (2013) 0.80
Current strategies for the prevention and management of central line-associated bloodstream infections. Infect Drug Resist (2010) 0.80
The precision of human-generated hand-hygiene observations: a comparison of human observation with an automated monitoring system. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2012) 0.80
Development of a risk reduction intervention to reduce bacterial and viral infections for injection drug users. Subst Use Misuse (2012) 0.79
Asymptomatic carriers of toxigenic C. difficile in long-term care facilities: a meta-analysis of prevalence and risk factors. PLoS One (2015) 0.79
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Nurses about Standard Precautions for Hospital-Acquired Infection in Teaching Hospitals Affiliated to Zabol University of Medical Sciences (2014). Glob J Health Sci (2015) 0.79
Survival and susceptibility of Burkholderia cepacia complex in chlorhexidine gluconate and benzalkonium chloride. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol (2015) 0.79
Prevalence and impact of Clostridium difficile infection in elderly residents of long-term care facilities, 2011: A nationwide study. Medicine (Baltimore) (2016) 0.78
Evaluation of persistent antimicrobial effects of an antimicrobial formulation. J Athl Train (2012) 0.78
Efficacy of interventions to improve hand hygiene compliance in neonatal units: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (2015) 0.78
Terms used for isolation practices by nurses at an academic medical center. J Adv Nurs (2010) 0.78
Combatting resistance in intensive care: the multimodal approach of the Spanish ICU "Zero Resistance" program. Crit Care (2015) 0.78
Adherence to hand hygiene protocol by clinicians and medical students at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre-Malawi. Malawi Med J (2013) 0.78
Communication interventions to improve adherence to infection control precautions: a randomised crossover trial. BMC Infect Dis (2013) 0.78
The dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exposure in a hospital model and the potential for environmental intervention. BMC Infect Dis (2013) 0.78
Reducing neonatal infections in south and south central Vietnam: the views of healthcare providers. BMC Pediatr (2013) 0.77
Implementing the MRSA recommendations made by the Commission for Hospital Hygiene and Infection Prevention (KRINKO) of 1999 - current considerations by the DGKH Management Board. GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip (2009) 0.77
Outcomes of a pilot hand hygiene randomized cluster trial to reduce communicable infections among US office-based employees. J Occup Environ Med (2015) 0.77
Maintaining safety in the dialysis facility. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol (2014) 0.77
Evaluation of the Effects of Photodynamic Therapy Alone and Combined with Standard Antifungal Therapy on Planktonic Cells and Biofilms of Fusarium spp. and Exophiala spp. Front Microbiol (2016) 0.76
Photodynamic Inactivation of Root Canal Bacteria by Light Activation through Human Dental Hard and Simulated Surrounding Tissue. Front Microbiol (2016) 0.76
Infection control interventions in small rural hospitals with limited resources: results of a cluster-randomized feasibility trial. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2014) 0.76
Efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf powder as a hand-washing product: a crossover controlled study among healthy volunteers. BMC Complement Altern Med (2014) 0.75
Prevention of hospital-acquired pneumonia in non-ventilated adult patients: a narrative review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2016) 0.75
Prospective pilot study on the incidence of infections caused by peripheral venous catheters at a general surgical ward. GMS Hyg Infect Control (2013) 0.75
Design of a new non-sterile glove-dispensing unit to reduce touch-based contamination. Australas Med J (2014) 0.75
Development and virucidal activity of a novel alcohol-based hand disinfectant supplemented with urea and citric acid. BMC Infect Dis (2016) 0.75
Effect of handrubbing using locally-manufactured alcohol-based handrubs in paediatric wards in Harare, Zimbabwe. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2017) 0.75
SWITCH: Al Wakra Hospital Journey to 90% Hand Hygiene Practice Compliance, 2011 - 2015. BMJ Qual Improv Rep (2017) 0.75
Perioperative management for the prevention of bacterial infection in cardiac implantable electronic device placement. J Arrhythm (2015) 0.75
The need for maximal sterile barrier precaution in routine interventional coronary procedures; microbiology analysis. Eur J Med Res (2016) 0.75
Adoption of alcohol hand disinfection in the United States: a personal perspective. GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip (2007) 0.75
The effect of an instant hand sanitizer on blood glucose monitoring results. J Diabetes Sci Technol (2011) 0.75
Patients' hand hygiene at home predicts their hand hygiene practices in the hospital. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2014) 0.75
Impact of respiratory syncytial virus: the nurse's perspective. Drugs R D (2011) 0.75
The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT): a cluster-randomized comparison of respirator and medical mask effectiveness against respiratory infections in healthcare personnel. BMC Infect Dis (2016) 0.75
Comparison of Standard Culture-Based Method to Culture-Independent Method for Evaluation of Hygiene Effects on the Hand Microbiome. MBio (2017) 0.75
Creating a manual for proper hand hygiene and its clinical effects. Surg Today (2006) 0.75
A systematic approach for the location of hand sanitizer dispensers in hospitals. Health Care Manag Sci (2013) 0.75
Repeated applications of photodynamic therapy on Candida glabrata biofilms formed in acrylic resin polymerized. Lasers Med Sci (2017) 0.75
Universal screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at hospital admission and nosocomial infection in surgical patients. JAMA (2008) 7.60
Burden of endemic health-care-associated infection in developing countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet (2010) 6.16
Limited efficacy of alcohol-based hand gels. Lancet (2002) 4.65
Inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy and its effect on survival in a clinical trial of immunomodulating therapy for severe sepsis. Am J Med (2003) 4.56
Epidemiology of Candida species infections in critically ill non-immunosuppressed patients. Lancet Infect Dis (2003) 3.33
Prevention of severe Candida infections in nonneutropenic, high-risk, critically ill patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients treated by selective digestive decontamination. Intensive Care Med (2002) 3.33
Rapid detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus directly from sterile or nonsterile clinical samples by a new molecular assay. J Clin Microbiol (2003) 3.27
Epidemiology of candidemia in Swiss tertiary care hospitals: secular trends, 1991-2000. Clin Infect Dis (2004) 3.25
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet Infect Dis (2005) 3.18
Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial. Lancet (2007) 3.11
Ready for a world without antibiotics? The Pensières Antibiotic Resistance Call to Action. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2012) 3.02
Developed-developing country partnerships: benefits to developed countries? Global Health (2012) 2.80
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings. Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HIPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. Am J Infect Control (2002) 2.68
Patient participation: current knowledge and applicability to patient safety. Mayo Clin Proc (2010) 2.66
Society's failure to protect a precious resource: antibiotics. Lancet (2011) 2.51
The effect of workload on infection risk in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med (2007) 2.42
Successful implementation of the World Health Organization hand hygiene improvement strategy in a referral hospital in Mali, Africa. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2010) 2.35
Health-care-associated infection in Africa: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ (2011) 2.18
Global implementation of WHO's multimodal strategy for improvement of hand hygiene: a quasi-experimental study. Lancet Infect Dis (2013) 2.15
Infection in breast implants. Lancet Infect Dis (2005) 2.06
The World Health Organization hand hygiene observation method. Am J Infect Control (2009) 2.01
Evaluation of three molecular assays for rapid identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol (2007) 1.97
Interventional study to evaluate the impact of an alcohol-based hand gel in improving hand hygiene compliance. Pediatr Infect Dis J (2002) 1.92
Evaluating the probability of previously unknown carriage of MRSA at hospital admission. Am J Med (2006) 1.90
Does antibiotic selection impact patient outcome? Clin Infect Dis (2006) 1.88
Use of an automated multiple-locus, variable-number tandem repeat-based method for rapid and high-throughput genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. J Clin Microbiol (2005) 1.88
Evaluation of rapid screening and pre-emptive contact isolation for detecting and controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in critical care: an interventional cohort study. Crit Care (2006) 1.86
Noma: an "infectious" disease of unknown aetiology. Lancet Infect Dis (2003) 1.70
Foreign body infections due to Staphylococcus epidermidis. Ann Med (2009) 1.66
A novel multiplex real-time PCR assay for rapid typing of major staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements. J Clin Microbiol (2004) 1.63
Impact of combined low-level mupirocin and genotypic chlorhexidine resistance on persistent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage after decolonization therapy: a case-control study. Clin Infect Dis (2011) 1.62
Alcohol-based handrub improves compliance with hand hygiene in intensive care units. Arch Intern Med (2002) 1.60
Ventilator-associated pneumonia: caveats for benchmarking. Intensive Care Med (2003) 1.60
Temporal effects of antibiotic use and hand rub consumption on the incidence of MRSA and Clostridium difficile. J Antimicrob Chemother (2008) 1.60
Patient empowerment and multimodal hand hygiene promotion: a win-win strategy. Am J Med Qual (2010) 1.58
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Switzerland. Emerg Infect Dis (2005) 1.55
Clinical and nonclinical health care workers faced a similar risk of acquiring 2009 pandemic H1N1 infection. Clin Infect Dis (2011) 1.54
Epidemiology and prognostic determinants of bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care. Arch Surg (2002) 1.51
Legionnaires' disease in a renal transplant recipient: nosocomial or home-grown? Transplantation (2002) 1.51
Use of benchmarking and public reporting for infection control in four high-income countries. Lancet Infect Dis (2011) 1.50
Infection and rejection in liver transplant patients: a 10-year Swiss single-centre experience. Swiss Med Wkly (2005) 1.48
Healthcare-associated infection in developing countries: simple solutions to meet complex challenges. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2007) 1.40
Impact of enteral versus parenteral nutrition on the incidence of fungal infections: a retrospective study in ICU patients on mechanical ventilation with selective digestive decontamination. Clin Nutr (2004) 1.38
Videos in clinical medicine. Hand hygiene. N Engl J Med (2011) 1.38
Dynamics of bacterial hand contamination during routine neonatal care. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2004) 1.37
Secular trends of candidemia over 12 years in adult patients at a tertiary care hospital. Medicine (Baltimore) (2002) 1.33
Management of Candida species infections in critically ill patients. Lancet Infect Dis (2003) 1.33
Comparison of waterless hand antisepsis agents at short application times: raising the flag of concern. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2003) 1.33
Nosocomial bacteremia: clinical significance of a single blood culture positive for coagulase-negative staphylococci. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2005) 1.29
Prevalence and prediction of previously unknown MRSA carriage on admission to a geriatric hospital. Age Ageing (2005) 1.27
Should this event be notified to the World Health Organization? Reliability of the international health regulations notification assessment process. Bull World Health Organ (2011) 1.27
Peripheral venous catheters: an under-evaluated problem. Int J Antimicrob Agents (2009) 1.24
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Geneva, Switzerland, 1993-2005. Emerg Infect Dis (2008) 1.21
Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls. PLoS Negl Trop Dis (2012) 1.19
Determinants of good adherence to hand hygiene among healthcare workers who have extensive exposure to hand hygiene campaigns. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2007) 1.17
Reduction of health care associated infection risk in neonates by successful hand hygiene promotion. Pediatrics (2007) 1.17
Novel microarray design strategy to study complex bacterial communities. Appl Environ Microbiol (2008) 1.14
The First Global Patient Safety Challenge "Clean Care is Safer Care": from launch to current progress and achievements. J Hosp Infect (2007) 1.14
Staffing level: a determinant of late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care (2007) 1.13
Ventilator-associated pneumonia as a quality indicator for patient safety? Clin Infect Dis (2008) 1.12
Attitudes and perceptions toward hand hygiene among healthcare workers caring for critically ill neonates. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2005) 1.10
Infection control in paediatrics. Lancet Infect Dis (2008) 1.10
Priority actions to fight antibiotic resistance: results of an international meeting. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2012) 1.10
Interhospital differences in nosocomial infection rates: importance of case-mix adjustment. Arch Intern Med (2002) 1.09
Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: results of a nation-wide survey in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly (2002) 1.08
Catheter-related infections. Microbes Infect (2004) 1.08
Religion and culture: potential undercurrents influencing hand hygiene promotion in health care. Am J Infect Control (2008) 1.06
Healthcare-associated infections in neonates. Curr Opin Infect Dis (2008) 1.06
Prevention of bloodstream infections with central venous catheters treated with anti-infective agents depends on catheter type and insertion time: evidence from a meta-analysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2002) 1.05
Use of oligoarrays for characterization of community-onset methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol (2006) 1.05
Reduction of urinary tract infection and antibiotic use after surgery: a controlled, prospective, before-after intervention study. Clin Infect Dis (2006) 1.04
Liquid versus gel handrub formulation: a prospective intervention study. Crit Care (2007) 1.04
Nosocomial bloodstream infection and clinical sepsis. Emerg Infect Dis (2004) 1.03
Muslim health-care workers and alcohol-based handrubs. Lancet (2006) 1.01
Rapid Staphylococcus aureus agr type determination by a novel multiplex real-time quantitative PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol (2006) 1.00
Modified World Health Organization hand rub formulations comply with European efficacy requirements for preoperative surgical hand preparations. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2013) 1.00
Patients' beliefs and perceptions of their participation to increase healthcare worker compliance with hand hygiene. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2009) 1.00
Candida colonization index and subsequent infection in critically ill surgical patients: 20 years later. Intensive Care Med (2014) 0.99
Back to the future: rising to the Semmelweis challenge in hand hygiene. Future Microbiol (2011) 0.98
Impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia on resource utilization and patient outcome. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2004) 0.97
A predictive model for identifying surgical patients at risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage on admission. J Am Coll Surg (2008) 0.97
Nurse staffing level and nosocomial infections: empirical evaluation of the case-crossover and case-time-control designs. Am J Epidemiol (2007) 0.97
Preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections: thinking outside the checklist. JAMA (2009) 0.97
Preventing surgical site infections. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther (2010) 0.97
Nursing resources: a major determinant of nosocomial infection? Curr Opin Infect Dis (2004) 0.95
Strengthening the evidence-policy interface for patient safety: enhancing global health through hospital partnerships. Global Health (2013) 0.93
Effectiveness of a hand hygiene promotion strategy using alcohol-based handrub in 6 intensive care units in Colombia. Am J Infect Control (2011) 0.93
Effect of vancomycin therapy for osteomyelitis on colonization by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: lack of emergence of glycopeptide resistance. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2003) 0.92
Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2008) 0.92
Decolonization of intestinal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae with oral colistin and neomycin: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Antimicrob Chemother (2013) 0.92
Comparative efficacy of hand hygiene agents in the reduction of bacteria and viruses. Am J Infect Control (2005) 0.92
Overall burden of healthcare-associated infections among surgical patients. Results of a national study. Ann Surg (2011) 0.91
Rapid and high-throughput genotyping of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates by automated multilocus variable-number of tandem repeats: a tool for real-time epidemiology. J Microbiol Methods (2008) 0.91
Preventing infections acquired during health-care delivery. Lancet (2008) 0.91
Access to antibiotics: a safety and equity challenge for the next decade. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control (2013) 0.90
Invasive candidiasis: comparison of management choices by infectious disease and critical care specialists. Intensive Care Med (2005) 0.90
Are there regional variations in the diagnosis, surveillance, and control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2003) 0.90
Skin reactions related to hand hygiene and selection of hand hygiene products. Am J Infect Control (2006) 0.90