The interferon system and vaccinia virus evasion mechanisms.

Role of PKR and Type I IFNs in viral control during primary and secondary infection. PLoS Pathog (2010) 1.63

Vaccinia virus protein C6 is a virulence factor that binds TBK-1 adaptor proteins and inhibits activation of IRF3 and IRF7. PLoS Pathog (2011) 1.22

Smallpox vaccines: targets of protective immunity. Immunol Rev (2011) 1.21

Poxvirus decapping enzymes enhance virulence by preventing the accumulation of dsRNA and the induction of innate antiviral responses. Cell Host Microbe (2015) 1.20

Immunogenic profiling in mice of a HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate (MVA-B) expressing four HIV-1 antigens and potentiation by specific gene deletions. PLoS One (2010) 1.20

Poxviruses and the evolution of host range and virulence. Infect Genet Evol (2013) 1.16

Improved innate and adaptive immunostimulation by genetically modified HIV-1 protein expressing NYVAC vectors. PLoS One (2011) 1.16

Cyclin D1 overexpression supports stable EBV infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2012) 1.15

The multiple functions of TRBP, at the hub of cell responses to viruses, stress, and cancer. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev (2012) 1.14

Resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus: role of type I interferon signaling. Virology (2012) 1.12

How vaccinia virus has evolved to subvert the host immune response. J Struct Biol (2011) 1.11

A candidate HIV/AIDS vaccine (MVA-B) lacking vaccinia virus gene C6L enhances memory HIV-1-specific T-cell responses. PLoS One (2011) 1.10

Viral-mediated oncolysis is the most critical factor in the late-phase of the tumor regression process upon vaccinia virus infection. BMC Cancer (2011) 1.09

A poxvirus Bcl-2-like gene family involved in regulation of host immune response: sequence similarity and evolutionary history. Virol J (2010) 1.07

Treating tumors with a vaccinia virus expressing IFNβ illustrates the complex relationships between oncolytic ability and immunogenicity. Mol Ther (2011) 1.06

Improved NYVAC-based vaccine vectors. PLoS One (2011) 1.04

Differential innate immune signaling in macrophages by wild type vaccinia mature virus and a mutant virus deleting A26 protein. J Virol (2017) 1.03

Inhibition of the RNA polymerase III-mediated dsDNA-sensing pathway of innate immunity by vaccinia virus protein E3. J Gen Virol (2010) 1.00

Poxvirus vectors as HIV/AIDS vaccines in humans. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2012) 1.00

Molecular characterization of the host defense activity of the barrier to autointegration factor against vaccinia virus. J Virol (2011) 0.98

Removal of vaccinia virus genes that block interferon type I and II pathways improves adaptive and memory responses of the HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate NYVAC-C in mice. J Virol (2012) 0.98

Myxoma virus protein M029 is a dual function immunomodulator that inhibits PKR and also conscripts RHA/DHX9 to promote expanded host tropism and viral replication. PLoS Pathog (2013) 0.97

Molecular mechanisms of viral inhibitors of RIG-I-like receptors. Trends Microbiol (2012) 0.96

Genetic screen of a mutant poxvirus library identifies an ankyrin repeat protein involved in blocking induction of avian type I interferon. J Virol (2013) 0.94

A single nucleotide polymorphism in inflammatory gene RNASEL predicts outcome after radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res (2013) 0.93

The canarypox virus vector ALVAC induces distinct cytokine responses compared to the vaccinia virus-based vectors MVA and NYVAC in rhesus monkeys. J Virol (2013) 0.92

Improving Adaptive and Memory Immune Responses of an HIV/AIDS Vaccine Candidate MVA-B by Deletion of Vaccinia Virus Genes (C6L and K7R) Blocking Interferon Signaling Pathways. PLoS One (2013) 0.92

Deletion of the vaccinia virus gene A46R, encoding for an inhibitor of TLR signalling, is an effective approach to enhance the immunogenicity in mice of the HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate NYVAC-C. PLoS One (2013) 0.92

Therapy and long-term prophylaxis of vaccinia virus respiratory infections in mice with an adenovirus-vectored interferon alpha (mDEF201). PLoS One (2011) 0.91

Genomic Analysis, Phenotype, and Virulence of the Historical Brazilian Smallpox Vaccine Strain IOC: Implications for the Origins and Evolutionary Relationships of Vaccinia Virus. J Virol (2015) 0.89

Cytokine-induced tumor suppressors: a GRIM story. Cytokine (2010) 0.88

Modulation of the host immune response by cowpox virus. Microbes Infect (2010) 0.88

Genes in the terminal regions of orthopoxvirus genomes experience adaptive molecular evolution. BMC Genomics (2011) 0.88

Vaccination with a Live Attenuated Cytomegalovirus Devoid of a Protein Kinase R Inhibitory Gene Results in Reduced Maternal Viremia and Improved Pregnancy Outcome in a Guinea Pig Congenital Infection Model. J Virol (2015) 0.87

Barrier to autointegration factor (BAF) inhibits vaccinia virus intermediate transcription in the absence of the viral B1 kinase. Virology (2013) 0.87

Novel host-related virulence factors are encoded by squirrelpox virus, the main causative agent of epidemic disease in red squirrels in the UK. PLoS One (2014) 0.87

Antagonism of the protein kinase R pathway by the guinea pig cytomegalovirus US22-family gene gp145. Virology (2012) 0.86

The infectious bursal disease virus RNA-binding VP3 polypeptide inhibits PKR-mediated apoptosis. PLoS One (2012) 0.85

Enhancing poxvirus vectors vaccine immunogenicity. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2014) 0.85

Deletion of the vaccinia virus N2L gene encoding an inhibitor of IRF3 improves the immunogenicity of modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing HIV-1 antigens. J Virol (2014) 0.83

Primary human macrophages serve as vehicles for vaccinia virus replication and dissemination. J Virol (2014) 0.83

Oncolytic vaccinia virotherapy for endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol (2014) 0.82

Host-range restriction of vaccinia virus E3L deletion mutant can be overcome in vitro, but not in vivo, by expression of the influenza virus NS1 protein. PLoS One (2011) 0.82

Characterization and structure of the vaccinia virus NF-κB antagonist A46. J Biol Chem (2013) 0.82

Glycosaminoglycans mediate retention of the poxvirus type I interferon binding protein at the cell surface to locally block interferon antiviral responses. FASEB J (2011) 0.81

In vitro inhibition of monkeypox virus production and spread by Interferon-β. Virol J (2012) 0.81

Genetic screen of a library of chimeric poxviruses identifies an ankyrin repeat protein involved in resistance to the avian type I interferon response. J Virol (2013) 0.80

CD8+ T cell-derived IFN-γ prevents infection by a second heterologous virus. J Immunol (2012) 0.80

Attenuated NYCBH vaccinia virus deleted for the E3L gene confers partial protection against lethal monkeypox virus disease in cynomolgus macaques. Vaccine (2011) 0.79

Camelpox, an emerging orthopox viral disease. Indian J Virol (2013) 0.78

Mutational analysis of vaccinia virus E3 protein: the biological functions do not correlate with its biochemical capacity to bind double-stranded RNA. J Virol (2015) 0.77

Involvement of the cellular phosphatase DUSP1 in vaccinia virus infection. PLoS Pathog (2013) 0.77

Attenuation of vaccinia Tian Tan strain by removal of viral TC7L-TK2L and TA35R genes. PLoS One (2012) 0.77

PKR Transduces MDA5-Dependent Signals for Type I IFN Induction. PLoS Pathog (2016) 0.77

Incorporation of the B18R gene of vaccinia virus into an oncolytic herpes simplex virus improves antitumor activity. Mol Ther (2012) 0.77

MyD88-dependent immunity to a natural model of vaccinia virus infection does not involve Toll-like receptor 2. J Virol (2014) 0.76

Opposing Roles of Double-Stranded RNA Effector Pathways and Viral Defense Proteins Revealed with CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Cell Lines and Vaccinia Virus Mutants. J Virol (2016) 0.76

RNA-Seq Based Transcriptome Analysis of the Type I Interferon Host Response upon Vaccinia Virus Infection of Mouse Cells. J Immunol Res (2017) 0.75

Prediction of a novel RNA binding domain in crocodilepox Zimbabwe Gene 157. Microb Inform Exp (2011) 0.75

The attenuated NYCBH vaccinia virus deleted for the immune evasion gene, E3L, completely protects mice against heterologous challenge with ectromelia virus. Vaccine (2011) 0.75

Suppression of NYVAC Infection in HeLa Cells Requires RNase L but Is Independent of Protein Kinase R Activity. J Virol (2015) 0.75

Oncolytic viruses: now interviewing for the all-star game. Mol Ther (2010) 0.75

Response of Three Different Viruses to Interferon Priming and Dithiothreitol Treatment of Avian Cells. J Virol (2016) 0.75

Myxoma Virus dsRNA Binding Protein M029  Inhibits the Type I IFN-Induced Antiviral State in a  Highly Species-Specific Fashion. Viruses (2017) 0.75

An HIV-1 clade C DNA prime, NYVAC boost vaccine regimen induces reliable, polyfunctional, and long-lasting T cell responses. J Exp Med (2008) 3.42

Innate immune sensing of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) is mediated by TLR2-TLR6, MDA-5 and the NALP3 inflammasome. PLoS Pathog (2009) 2.24

Cellular gene expression survey of vaccinia virus infection of human HeLa cells. J Virol (2003) 1.97

Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membranes and vimentin filaments participate in vaccinia virus assembly. J Virol (2002) 1.94

Translational resistance of late alphavirus mRNA to eIF2alpha phosphorylation: a strategy to overcome the antiviral effect of protein kinase PKR. Genes Dev (2006) 1.94

Distinct gene expression profiling after infection of immature human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by the attenuated poxvirus vectors MVA and NYVAC. J Virol (2007) 1.68

Microarray analysis reveals characteristic changes of host cell gene expression in response to attenuated modified vaccinia virus Ankara infection of human HeLa cells. J Virol (2004) 1.65

The poxvirus vectors MVA and NYVAC as gene delivery systems for vaccination against infectious diseases and cancer. Curr Gene Ther (2008) 1.57

Vaccinia virus E3 protein prevents the antiviral action of ISG15. PLoS Pathog (2008) 1.57

Immunization with HIV Gag targeted to dendritic cells followed by recombinant New York vaccinia virus induces robust T-cell immunity in nonhuman primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.55

ISG15 regulates peritoneal macrophages functionality against viral infection. PLoS Pathog (2013) 1.51

Vaccine efficacy against malaria by the combination of porcine parvovirus-like particles and vaccinia virus vectors expressing CS of Plasmodium. PLoS One (2012) 1.43

TRAF family proteins link PKR with NF-kappa B activation. Mol Cell Biol (2004) 1.40

Generation and immunogenicity of novel HIV/AIDS vaccine candidates targeting HIV-1 Env/Gag-Pol-Nef antigens of clade C. Vaccine (2006) 1.37

Cellular and biochemical differences between two attenuated poxvirus vaccine candidates (MVA and NYVAC) and role of the C7L gene. J Virol (2006) 1.35

Host response to the attenuated poxvirus vector NYVAC: upregulation of apoptotic genes and NF-kappaB-responsive genes in infected HeLa cells. J Virol (2006) 1.26

Administration to mice of a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the intracellular mature virus form of vaccinia virus limits virus replication efficiently under prophylactic and therapeutic conditions. J Gen Virol (2002) 1.26

EV01: a phase I trial in healthy HIV negative volunteers to evaluate a clade C HIV vaccine, NYVAC-C undertaken by the EuroVacc Consortium. Vaccine (2008) 1.25

MVA and NYVAC as vaccines against emergent infectious diseases and cancer. Curr Gene Ther (2011) 1.24

Human cytomegalovirus final envelopment on membranes containing both trans-Golgi network and endosomal markers. Cell Microbiol (2009) 1.23

Immunogenic profiling in mice of a HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate (MVA-B) expressing four HIV-1 antigens and potentiation by specific gene deletions. PLoS One (2010) 1.20

Recombinant poxviruses as mucosal vaccine vectors. J Gen Virol (2005) 1.19

Head-to-head comparison on the immunogenicity of two HIV/AIDS vaccine candidates based on the attenuated poxvirus strains MVA and NYVAC co-expressing in a single locus the HIV-1BX08 gp120 and HIV-1(IIIB) Gag-Pol-Nef proteins of clade B. Vaccine (2006) 1.18

Resistance to viral infection of super p53 mice. Oncogene (2005) 1.17

Differential CD4+ versus CD8+ T-cell responses elicited by different poxvirus-based human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccine candidates provide comparable efficacies in primates. J Virol (2008) 1.17

Improved innate and adaptive immunostimulation by genetically modified HIV-1 protein expressing NYVAC vectors. PLoS One (2011) 1.16

Anti-apoptotic and oncogenic properties of the dsRNA-binding protein of vaccinia virus, E3L. Oncogene (2002) 1.15

Insertion of vaccinia virus C7L host range gene into NYVAC-B genome potentiates immune responses against HIV-1 antigens. PLoS One (2010) 1.15

Safety and immunogenicity of a modified pox vector-based HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate expressing Env, Gag, Pol and Nef proteins of HIV-1 subtype B (MVA-B) in healthy HIV-1-uninfected volunteers: A phase I clinical trial (RISVAC02). Vaccine (2011) 1.15

Poxvirus vector-based HIV vaccines. Curr Opin HIV AIDS (2010) 1.14

The ESCRT machinery is not required for human cytomegalovirus envelopment. Cell Microbiol (2007) 1.13

Vaccinia virus induces apoptosis of infected macrophages. J Gen Virol (2002) 1.12

Cryo-X-ray tomography of vaccinia virus membranes and inner compartments. J Struct Biol (2009) 1.11

Comparative analysis of the magnitude, quality, phenotype, and protective capacity of simian immunodeficiency virus gag-specific CD8+ T cells following human-, simian-, and chimpanzee-derived recombinant adenoviral vector immunization. J Immunol (2013) 1.10

A candidate HIV/AIDS vaccine (MVA-B) lacking vaccinia virus gene C6L enhances memory HIV-1-specific T-cell responses. PLoS One (2011) 1.10

Protection in dogs against visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum is achieved by immunization with a heterologous prime-boost regime using DNA and vaccinia recombinant vectors expressing LACK. Vaccine (2003) 1.08

A poxvirus Bcl-2-like gene family involved in regulation of host immune response: sequence similarity and evolutionary history. Virol J (2010) 1.07

A heterologous prime-boost regime using DNA and recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the Leishmania infantum P36/LACK antigen protects BALB/c mice from cutaneous leishmaniasis. Vaccine (2002) 1.06

Membrane cell fusion activity of the vaccinia virus A17-A27 protein complex. Cell Microbiol (2007) 1.06

The HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate MVA-B administered as a single immunogen in humans triggers robust, polyfunctional, and selective effector memory T cell responses to HIV-1 antigens. J Virol (2011) 1.06

The combination of DNA vectors expressing IL-12 + IL-18 elicits high protective immune response against cutaneous leishmaniasis after priming with DNA-p36/LACK and the cytokines, followed by a booster with a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing p36/LACK. Microbes Infect (2003) 1.05

Improved NYVAC-based vaccine vectors. PLoS One (2011) 1.04

IL-12 and IL-18 act in synergy to clear vaccinia virus infection: involvement of innate and adaptive components of the immune system. J Gen Virol (2003) 1.04

The impact of PKR activation: from neurodegeneration to cancer. FASEB J (2014) 1.04

Prime-boost immunization schedules based on influenza virus and vaccinia virus vectors potentiate cellular immune responses against human immunodeficiency virus Env protein systemically and in the genitorectal draining lymph nodes. J Virol (2003) 1.02

Virus distribution of the attenuated MVA and NYVAC poxvirus strains in mice. J Gen Virol (2007) 1.02

Induction of HIV immunity in the genital tract after intranasal delivery of a MVA vector: enhanced immunogenicity after DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus Ankara boost immunization schedule. J Immunol (2004) 1.02

Antiviral action of the tumor suppressor ARF. EMBO J (2006) 1.02

Heterologous prime-boost vaccination with the LACK antigen protects against murine visceral leishmaniasis. Infect Immun (2005) 1.01

Evidence that avian reovirus sigmaA protein is an inhibitor of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase. J Gen Virol (2003) 1.01

Improving the MVA vaccine potential by deleting the viral gene coding for the IL-18 binding protein. PLoS One (2012) 1.01

Preclinical evaluation of the immunogenicity of C-type HIV-1-based DNA and NYVAC vaccines in the Balb/C mouse model. Viral Immunol (2009) 1.01

Induction of protective immunity against malaria by priming-boosting immunization with recombinant cold-adapted influenza and modified vaccinia Ankara viruses expressing a CD8+-T-cell epitope derived from the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium yoelii. J Virol (2003) 1.01

Poxvirus vectors as HIV/AIDS vaccines in humans. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2012) 1.00

Therapeutics and vaccines against chikungunya virus. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis (2015) 1.00

Differences in virus-induced cell morphology and in virus maturation between MVA and other strains (WR, Ankara, and NYCBH) of vaccinia virus in infected human cells. J Virol (2003) 1.00

F11-mediated inhibition of RhoA signalling enhances the spread of vaccinia virus in vitro and in vivo in an intranasal mouse model of infection. PLoS One (2009) 0.99

Human gene profiling in response to the active protein kinase, interferon-induced serine/threonine protein kinase (PKR), in infected cells. Involvement of the transcription factor ATF-3 IN PKR-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem (2006) 0.98

Removal of vaccinia virus genes that block interferon type I and II pathways improves adaptive and memory responses of the HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate NYVAC-C in mice. J Virol (2012) 0.98

Aerosol immunization with NYVAC and MVA vectored vaccines is safe, simple, and immunogenic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008) 0.98

Cryo X-ray nano-tomography of vaccinia virus infected cells. J Struct Biol (2011) 0.98

DNA/NYVAC vaccine regimen induces HIV-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses in intestinal mucosa. J Virol (2011) 0.97

A novel poxvirus-based vaccine, MVA-CHIKV, is highly immunogenic and protects mice against chikungunya infection. J Virol (2014) 0.97

Multimeric soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) efficiently enhances HIV specific cellular immune responses during DNA prime and boost with attenuated poxvirus vectors MVA and NYVAC expressing HIV antigens. Vaccine (2009) 0.96

Deletion of the viral anti-apoptotic gene F1L in the HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate MVA-C enhances immune responses against HIV-1 antigens. PLoS One (2012) 0.96

Clinical applications of attenuated MVA poxvirus strain. Expert Rev Vaccines (2013) 0.95

Attenuated poxviruses expressing a synthetic HIV protein stimulate HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T-cell responses. Vaccine (2004) 0.92

Robust vaccine-elicited cellular immune responses in breast milk following systemic simian immunodeficiency virus DNA prime and live virus vector boost vaccination of lactating rhesus monkeys. J Immunol (2010) 0.92

Dendritic cells exposed to MVA-based HIV-1 vaccine induce highly functional HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in HIV-1-infected individuals. PLoS One (2011) 0.92

Deletion of the vaccinia virus gene A46R, encoding for an inhibitor of TLR signalling, is an effective approach to enhance the immunogenicity in mice of the HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate NYVAC-C. PLoS One (2013) 0.92

Improving Adaptive and Memory Immune Responses of an HIV/AIDS Vaccine Candidate MVA-B by Deletion of Vaccinia Virus Genes (C6L and K7R) Blocking Interferon Signaling Pathways. PLoS One (2013) 0.92

Involvement of PKR and RNase L in translational control and induction of apoptosis after Hepatitis C polyprotein expression from a vaccinia virus recombinant. Virol J (2005) 0.91

Selective induction of host genes by MVA-B, a candidate vaccine against HIV/AIDS. J Virol (2010) 0.91

A human multi-epitope recombinant vaccinia virus as a universal T cell vaccine candidate against influenza virus. PLoS One (2011) 0.91

Intradermal NKT cell activation during DNA priming in heterologous prime-boost vaccination enhances T cell responses and protection against Leishmania. Eur J Immunol (2008) 0.89

Immunization with recombinant DNA and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) vectors delivering PSCA and STEAP1 antigens inhibits prostate cancer progression. Vaccine (2010) 0.89

Systems analysis of MVA-C induced immune response reveals its significance as a vaccine candidate against HIV/AIDS of clade C. PLoS One (2012) 0.87

MVA-LACK as a safe and efficient vector for vaccination against leishmaniasis. Microbes Infect (2006) 0.86

A vaccinia virus lacking A10L: viral core proteins accumulate on structures derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. Cell Microbiol (2006) 0.86

Improving recombinant MVA immune responses: potentiation of the immune responses to HIV-1 with MVA and DNA vectors expressing Env and the cytokines IL-12 and IFN-gamma. Virus Res (2005) 0.86

High quality long-term CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory populations stimulated by DNA-LACK/MVA-LACK regimen in Leishmania major BALB/c model of infection. PLoS One (2012) 0.85

Regulation of vaccinia virus E3 protein by small ubiquitin-like modifier proteins. J Virol (2011) 0.85

Caspase 9 activation by the dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR: molecular mechanism and relevance. FEBS Lett (2002) 0.85

Enhancing poxvirus vectors vaccine immunogenicity. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2014) 0.85

Control of virus infection by tumour suppressors. Carcinogenesis (2007) 0.84

The chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil promotes PKR-mediated apoptosis in a p53-independent manner in colon and breast cancer cells. PLoS One (2011) 0.84

Activation of NF-kB pathway by virus infection requires Rb expression. PLoS One (2009) 0.84

Membrane remodelling during vaccinia virus morphogenesis. Biol Cell (2009) 0.83

Deletion of the vaccinia virus N2L gene encoding an inhibitor of IRF3 improves the immunogenicity of modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing HIV-1 antigens. J Virol (2014) 0.83

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein is needed for vaccinia virus pathogenesis. J Virol (2005) 0.83

Expression of the E3L gene of vaccinia virus in transgenic mice decreases host resistance to vaccinia virus and Leishmania major infections. J Virol (2007) 0.83

Host-range restriction of vaccinia virus E3L deletion mutant can be overcome in vitro, but not in vivo, by expression of the influenza virus NS1 protein. PLoS One (2011) 0.82

High, broad, polyfunctional, and durable T cell immune responses induced in mice by a novel hepatitis C virus (HCV) vaccine candidate (MVA-HCV) based on modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the nearly full-length HCV genome. J Virol (2013) 0.82

Mucosal immunization of sheep with a Maedi-Visna virus (MVV) env DNA vaccine protects against early MVV productive infection. Vaccine (2005) 0.82

New vaccinia virus promoter as a potential candidate for future vaccines. J Gen Virol (2013) 0.80

A novel HIV vaccine adjuvanted by IC31 induces robust and persistent humoral and cellular immunity. PLoS One (2012) 0.80

Diversity in viral anti-PKR mechanisms: a remarkable case of evolutionary convergence. PLoS One (2011) 0.80

Subcellular forms and biochemical events triggered in human cells by HCV polyprotein expression from a viral vector. Virol J (2008) 0.79

Adjuvant-like effect of vaccinia virus 14K protein: a case study with malaria vaccine based on the circumsporozoite protein. J Immunol (2012) 0.79

Identification of cellular genes induced in human cells after activation of the OAS/RNaseL pathway by vaccinia virus recombinants expressing these antiviral enzymes. J Interferon Cytokine Res (2010) 0.78