Bacterial vaginosis associated with increased risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort analysis among African couples.

PubWeight™: 2.06‹?› | Rank: Top 2%

🔗 View Article (PMC 3383741)

Published in PLoS Med on June 26, 2012

Authors

Craig R Cohen1, Jairam R Lingappa, Jared M Baeten, Musa O Ngayo, Carol A Spiegel, Ting Hong, Deborah Donnell, Connie Celum, Saidi Kapiga, Sinead Delany, Elizabeth A Bukusi

Author Affiliations

1: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America. ccohen@globalhealth.ucsf.edu

Associated clinical trials:

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Suppression to Prevent HIV Transmission | NCT00194519

Effects of Contraceptive Ring on Vaginal Microbiota, HIV Shedding and Local Immunity | NCT02445989

Effects of a Vaginal Contraceptive Ring on Vaginal Microbiota and Local Immunity | NCT02432404

Articles citing this

The composition and stability of the vaginal microbiota of normal pregnant women is different from that of non-pregnant women. Microbiome (2014) 2.24

Biofilms: An Underappreciated Mechanism of Treatment Failure and Recurrence in Vaginal Infections. Clin Infect Dis (2015) 1.44

Association between the vaginal microbiota, menopause status, and signs of vulvovaginal atrophy. Menopause (2014) 1.21

Metabolic signatures of bacterial vaginosis. MBio (2015) 1.18

Vaginal concentrations of lactic acid potently inactivate HIV. J Antimicrob Chemother (2013) 1.16

The Neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcytosis across epithelial cells. PLoS Pathog (2013) 1.07

Lactobacillus species as biomarkers and agents that can promote various aspects of vaginal health. Front Physiol (2015) 1.07

More than meets the eye: associations of vaginal bacteria with gram stain morphotypes using molecular phylogenetic analysis. PLoS One (2013) 1.07

Free glycogen in vaginal fluids is associated with Lactobacillus colonization and low vaginal pH. PLoS One (2014) 1.02

Partner characteristics predicting HIV-1 set point in sexually acquired HIV-1 among African seroconverters. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2013) 1.02

Enhanced Trapping of HIV-1 by Human Cervicovaginal Mucus Is Associated with Lactobacillus crispatus-Dominant Microbiota. MBio (2015) 1.02

Human α-amylase present in lower-genital-tract mucosal fluid processes glycogen to support vaginal colonization by Lactobacillus. J Infect Dis (2014) 1.01

Antimicrobial and immune modulatory effects of lactic acid and short chain fatty acids produced by vaginal microbiota associated with eubiosis and bacterial vaginosis. Front Physiol (2015) 1.00

Degradation, foraging, and depletion of mucus sialoglycans by the vagina-adapted Actinobacterium Gardnerella vaginalis. J Biol Chem (2013) 0.99

Plasma and mucosal HIV viral loads are associated with genital tract inflammation in HIV-infected women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2013) 0.94

Developing multipurpose reproductive health technologies: an integrated strategy. AIDS Res Treat (2013) 0.94

Microbiome, sex hormones, and immune responses in the reproductive tract: challenges for vaccine development against sexually transmitted infections. Vaccine (2013) 0.92

Bacterial vaginosis and the cervicovaginal immune response. Am J Reprod Immunol (2014) 0.92

Prevalence of reproductive tract infections and the predictive value of girls' symptom-based reporting: findings from a cross-sectional survey in rural western Kenya. Sex Transm Infect (2016) 0.91

Cross-Sectional Analysis of Selected Genital Tract Immunological Markers and Molecular Vaginal Microbiota in Sub-Saharan African Women, with Relevance to HIV Risk and Prevention. Clin Vaccine Immunol (2015) 0.90

Vaginal microbiota and sexually transmitted infections that may influence transmission of cell-associated HIV. J Infect Dis (2014) 0.90

Pregnancy-induced changes in immune protection of the genital tract: defining normal. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2013) 0.89

The effects of reproductive hormones on the physical properties of cervicovaginal fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2014) 0.88

Dual role of commensal bacteria in viral infections. Immunol Rev (2013) 0.87

Penile Microbiota and Female Partner Bacterial Vaginosis in Rakai, Uganda. MBio (2015) 0.86

Behavioural and medical predictors of bacterial vaginosis recurrence among female sex workers: longitudinal analysis from a randomized controlled trial. BMC Infect Dis (2013) 0.86

Longitudinal analysis of vaginal microbiome dynamics in women with recurrent bacterial vaginosis: recognition of the conversion process. PLoS One (2013) 0.86

Toll-like receptor gene variants associated with bacterial vaginosis among HIV-1 infected adolescents. J Reprod Immunol (2012) 0.85

Making inroads into improving treatment of bacterial vaginosis - striving for long-term cure. BMC Infect Dis (2015) 0.84

Bacterial Vaginosis and Subclinical Markers of Genital Tract Inflammation and Mucosal Immunity. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2015) 0.84

Bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria in men: association of Leptotrichia/Sneathia spp. with nongonococcal urethritis. Sex Transm Dis (2013) 0.84

The epidemiology of sexually transmitted co-infections in HIV-positive and HIV-negative African-Caribbean women in Toronto. BMC Infect Dis (2013) 0.84

Cultivated vaginal microbiomes alter HIV-1 infection and antiretroviral efficacy in colonized epithelial multilayer cultures. PLoS One (2014) 0.83

Consistent condom use increases the colonization of Lactobacillus crispatus in the vagina. PLoS One (2013) 0.83

Mageeibacillus indolicus gen. nov., sp. nov.: a novel bacterium isolated from the female genital tract. Anaerobe (2014) 0.82

The vaginal microbiota over an 8- to 10-year period in a cohort of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women. PLoS One (2015) 0.82

Susceptibility of Gardnerella vaginalis biofilms to natural antimicrobials subtilosin, ε-poly-L-lysine, and lauramide arginine ethyl ester. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol (2012) 0.82

South African HIV-1 subtype C transmitted variants with a specific V2 motif show higher dependence on α4β7 for replication. Retrovirology (2015) 0.82

Microbiome in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Lab Med (2014) 0.82

Menstrual cups and sanitary pads to reduce school attrition, and sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study in rural Western Kenya. BMJ Open (2016) 0.82

A cross-sectional study of bacterial vaginosis, intravaginal practices and HIV genital shedding; implications for HIV transmission and women's health. BMJ Open (2015) 0.81

Bacterial communities in penile skin, male urethra, and vaginas of heterosexual couples with and without bacterial vaginosis. Microbiome (2016) 0.80

Toll-like receptor gene variants and bacterial vaginosis among HIV-1 infected and uninfected African women. Genes Immun (2015) 0.80

Bacterial Vaginosis Is Associated with Loss of Gamma Delta T Cells in the Female Reproductive Tract in Women in the Miami Women Interagency HIV Study (WIHS): A Cross Sectional Study. PLoS One (2016) 0.80

Biology of mucosally transmitted sexual infection-translating the basic science into novel HIV intervention: a workshop summary. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2012) 0.80

Factors affecting relative fitness measurements in pairwise competition assays of human immunodeficiency viruses. J Virol Methods (2013) 0.79

A perspective on progress and gaps in HIV prevention science. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses (2012) 0.79

Novel PCR-based methods enhance characterization of vaginal microbiota in a bacterial vaginosis patient before and after treatment. Appl Environ Microbiol (2013) 0.79

A blinded, randomized controlled trial of high-dose vitamin D supplementation to reduce recurrence of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2014) 0.79

Longitudinal analysis reveals characteristically high proportions of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria and temporal variability of vaginal microbiota in northern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca leonina). Dongwuxue Yanjiu (2015) 0.79

HIV-1 shedding from the female genital tract is associated with increased Th1 cytokines/chemokines that maintain tissue homeostasis and proportions of CD8+FOXP3+ T cells. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2014) 0.79

Current Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis-Limitations and Need for Innovation. J Infect Dis (2016) 0.78

The gut microbiome in human immunodeficiency virus infection. BMC Med (2016) 0.78

Susceptibility of bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria to secnidazole compared to metronidazole, tinidazole and clindamycin. Anaerobe (2017) 0.77

Can one size fit all? Approach to bacterial vaginosis in sub-Saharan Africa. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob (2016) 0.77

Rush to judgment: the STI-treatment trials and HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. J Int AIDS Soc (2015) 0.77

Effects of Succinic Acid and Other Microbial Fermentation Products on HIV Expression in Macrophages. Biores Open Access (2013) 0.77

Vaginal colonisation by probiotic lactobacilli and clinical outcome in women conventionally treated for bacterial vaginosis and yeast infection. BMC Infect Dis (2015) 0.77

Diaphragm used with replens gel and risk of bacterial vaginosis: results from a randomized controlled trial. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol (2012) 0.76

Distribution of human papillomaviruses and bacterial vaginosis in HIV positive women with abnormal cytology in Mombasa, Kenya. Infect Agent Cancer (2016) 0.76

Complexities of Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in the Context of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy. Clin Pharmacol Ther (2016) 0.76

Molecular analysis of the relationship between specific vaginal bacteria and bacterial vaginosis metronidazole therapy failure. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (2014) 0.76

The aetiology of vaginal symptoms in rural Haiti. Int J STD AIDS (2013) 0.75

The Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Its Associations With Human Papillomavirus Detection in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Women. J Infect Dis (2016) 0.75

Association of Bacterial vaginosis and other Sexually Transmitted Infections with HIV among pregnant women in Nigeria. Afr J Med Med Sci (2014) 0.75

Serum vitamin D status and bacterial vaginosis prevalence and incidence in Zimbabwean women. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2016) 0.75

Incidental Findings of Bacterial Vaginosis and Other Infections in Papanicolaou Smears of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Adolescent Females in South Africa. J AIDS HIV Res (2014) 0.75

Probiotics for vaginal health in South Africa: what is on retailers' shelves? BMC Womens Health (2017) 0.75

Challenges to the management of curable sexually transmitted infections. BMC Infect Dis (2015) 0.75

Genital infections and syndromic diagnosis among HIV-infected women in HIV care programmes in Kenya. Int J STD AIDS (2015) 0.75

Microbiome Composition and Function Drives Wound-Healing Impairment in the Female Genital Tract. PLoS Pathog (2016) 0.75

HIV vaccine trial exploits a dual and central role for innate immunity. J Virol (2014) 0.75

Addressing intravaginal practices in women with HIV and at-risk for HIV infection, a mixed methods pilot study. Int J Womens Health (2017) 0.75

Chemokine Levels in the Penile Coronal Sulcus Correlate with HIV-1 Acquisition and Are Reduced by Male Circumcision in Rakai, Uganda. PLoS Pathog (2016) 0.75

Prevalence and Correlates of Genital Infections Among Newly Diagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults Entering Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care in Windhoek, Namibia. Sex Transm Dis (2016) 0.75

BASIC study: is intravaginal boric acid non-inferior to metronidazole in symptomatic bacterial vaginosis? Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials (2015) 0.75

Improvement of abnormal vaginal flora in Ugandan women by self-testing and short use of intravaginal antimicrobials. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (2016) 0.75

Vaginal lactic acid elicits an anti-inflammatory response from human cervicovaginal epithelial cells and inhibits production of pro-inflammatory mediators associated with HIV acquisition. Mucosal Immunol (2017) 0.75

A bio-behavioral intervention to decrease intravaginal practices and bacterial vaginosis among HIV infected Zambian women, a randomized pilot study. BMC Infect Dis (2017) 0.75

A longitudinal analysis of the vaginal microbiota and vaginal immune mediators in women from sub-Saharan Africa. Sci Rep (2017) 0.75

Articles cited by this

Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med (2011) 69.36

Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of gram stain interpretation. J Clin Microbiol (1991) 20.49

Heterosexual HIV-1 transmission after initiation of antiretroviral therapy: a prospective cohort analysis. Lancet (2010) 16.90

Nonspecific vaginitis. Diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic associations. Am J Med (1983) 16.63

Acyclovir and transmission of HIV-1 from persons infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2. N Engl J Med (2010) 12.08

Molecular identification of bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis. N Engl J Med (2005) 11.23

Control of sexually transmitted diseases for AIDS prevention in Uganda: a randomised community trial. Rakai Project Study Group. Lancet (1999) 10.28

HIV-1 infection associated with abnormal vaginal flora morphology and bacterial vaginosis. Lancet (1997) 7.52

Vaginal lactobacilli, microbial flora, and risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and sexually transmitted disease acquisition. J Infect Dis (1999) 6.85

High recurrence rates of bacterial vaginosis over the course of 12 months after oral metronidazole therapy and factors associated with recurrence. J Infect Dis (2006) 5.96

Genital HIV-1 RNA predicts risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission. Sci Transl Med (2011) 5.21

Initiation of antiretroviral therapy leads to a rapid decline in cervical and vaginal HIV-1 shedding. AIDS (2007) 4.74

Daily acyclovir for HIV-1 disease progression in people dually infected with HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet (2010) 4.23

Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of published studies. AIDS (2008) 4.21

The effects of male circumcision on female partners' genital tract symptoms and vaginal infections in a randomized trial in Rakai, Uganda. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2008) 3.60

Female genital-tract HIV load correlates inversely with Lactobacillus species but positively with bacterial vaginosis and Mycoplasma hominis. J Infect Dis (2004) 3.17

The effect of treatment of vaginal infections on shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis (2001) 2.79

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-suppressive therapy decreases plasma and genital HIV-1 levels in HSV-2/HIV-1 coinfected women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. J Infect Dis (2008) 2.77

Detection of HIV DNA in cervical and vaginal secretions. Prevalence and correlates among women in Nairobi, Kenya. JAMA (1993) 2.41

Viral linkage in HIV-1 seroconverters and their partners in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial. PLoS One (2011) 2.36

Adherent biofilms in bacterial vaginosis. Obstet Gynecol (2005) 2.31

Association of initial CD4 cell count and viral load with response to highly active antiretroviral therapy. JAMA (2000) 2.25

Improvement of vaginal health for Kenyan women at risk for acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: results of a randomized trial. J Infect Dis (2008) 2.21

The effects of circumcision on the penis microbiome. PLoS One (2010) 2.15

HIV-1 target cells in foreskins of African men with varying histories of sexually transmitted infections. Am J Clin Pathol (2006) 2.10

An adherent Gardnerella vaginalis biofilm persists on the vaginal epithelium after standard therapy with oral metronidazole. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2007) 2.04

Vulvovaginal symptoms in women with bacterial vaginosis. Obstet Gynecol (2004) 1.72

Infectious correlates of HIV-1 shedding in the female upper and lower genital tracts. AIDS (2007) 1.61

History and review of bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1993) 1.36

Increased interleukin-10 in the the endocervical secretions of women with non-ulcerative sexually transmitted diseases: a mechanism for enhanced HIV-1 transmission? AIDS (1999) 1.36

Clinical study comparing probiotic Lactobacillus GR-1 and RC-14 with metronidazole vaginal gel to treat symptomatic bacterial vaginosis. Microbes Infect (2006) 1.31

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 acquisition in genital mucosa: Langerhans cells as key-players. J Intern Med (2009) 1.28

Bacterial vaginosis: risk factors among Kenyan women and their male partners. Sex Transm Dis (2006) 1.28

Lower genital tract infections among HIV-infected and high-risk uninfected women: findings of the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Sex Transm Dis (1999) 1.27

Correlates of HIV-1 genital shedding in Tanzanian women. PLoS One (2011) 1.19

Bacterial vaginosis in HIV-infected women induces reversible alterations in the cervical immune environment. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2008) 1.16

Probiotic strategies for the treatment and prevention of bacterial vaginosis. Expert Opin Pharmacother (2010) 1.15

The short-term variability of bacterial vaginosis diagnosed by Nugent Gram stain criteria among sexually active women in Rakai, Uganda. Sex Transm Dis (2011) 1.13

Phase 2a study assessing colonization efficiency, safety, and acceptability of Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05 in women with bacterial vaginosis. Sex Transm Dis (2010) 1.11

An international study of the interobserver variation between interpretations of vaginal smear criteria of bacterial vaginosis. APMIS (2002) 1.08

Induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression by anaerobes associated with bacterial vaginosis. J Infect Dis (2000) 1.07

Probiotics: potential to prevent HIV and sexually transmitted infections in women. Sex Transm Dis (2008) 1.03

The epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis in relation to sexual behaviour. BMC Infect Dis (2010) 1.03

Prevalence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in virginal women. Sex Transm Dis (2006) 0.95

Effect of treatment of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis on HIV-1 shedding in the genital tract among women on antiretroviral therapy: a pilot study. Clin Infect Dis (2009) 0.92

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 stimulatory activity by Gardnerella vaginalis: relationship to biotypes and other pathogenic characteristics. J Infect Dis (2001) 0.90

Topical penile microbicide use by men to prevent recurrent bacterial vaginosis in sex partners: a randomized clinical trial. Sex Transm Dis (2011) 0.86

Detection of fastidious vaginal bacteria in women with HIV infection and bacterial vaginosis. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol (2009) 0.85

Probiotics: the potential for a live microbicide to prevent HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2011) 0.81

Articles by these authors

Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention in heterosexual men and women. N Engl J Med (2012) 27.84

Heterosexual HIV-1 transmission after initiation of antiretroviral therapy: a prospective cohort analysis. Lancet (2010) 16.90

Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection among African women. N Engl J Med (2012) 15.28

Use of hormonal contraceptives and risk of HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis (2011) 10.96

Community-based therapy for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Lima, Peru. N Engl J Med (2003) 6.07

A randomized trial of multivitamin supplements and HIV disease progression and mortality. N Engl J Med (2004) 5.68

Genital HIV-1 RNA predicts risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission. Sci Transl Med (2011) 5.21

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) suppression with valacyclovir reduces rectal and blood plasma HIV-1 levels in HIV-1/HSV-2-seropositive men: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. J Infect Dis (2007) 4.52

Risk of HIV-1 acquisition among women who use diff erent types of injectable progestin contraception in South Africa: a prospective cohort study. Lancet HIV (2015) 4.33

Daily acyclovir for HIV-1 disease progression in people dually infected with HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet (2010) 4.23

Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis increases the risk of HIV-1 acquisition. J Infect Dis (2007) 4.12

Substance use and sexual risk: a participant- and episode-level analysis among a cohort of men who have sex with men. Am J Epidemiol (2004) 4.03

Regional differences in prevalence of HIV-1 discordance in Africa and enrollment of HIV-1 discordant couples into an HIV-1 prevention trial. PLoS One (2008) 3.94

PRO2000 vaginal gel for prevention of HIV-1 infection (Microbicides Development Programme 301): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group trial. Lancet (2010) 3.90

Characteristics of HIV-1 discordant couples enrolled in a trial of HSV-2 suppression to reduce HIV-1 transmission: the partners study. PLoS One (2009) 3.66

Increased risk of HIV-1 transmission in pregnancy: a prospective study among African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. AIDS (2011) 3.61

What's love got to do with it? Explaining adherence to oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-serodiscordant couples. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2012) 3.44

Characteristics of HIV-1 serodiscordant couples enrolled in a clinical trial of antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention. PLoS One (2011) 3.27

Association between Mycoplasma genitalium and acute endometritis. Lancet (2002) 3.27

Determinants of per-coital-act HIV-1 infectivity among African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. J Infect Dis (2012) 3.06

Genital herpes has played a more important role than any other sexually transmitted infection in driving HIV prevalence in Africa. PLoS One (2008) 3.05

HIV, syphilis and heterosexual bridging among Peruvian men who have sex with men. AIDS (2002) 3.03

Immunodeficiency at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2014) 2.79

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-suppressive therapy decreases plasma and genital HIV-1 levels in HSV-2/HIV-1 coinfected women: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. J Infect Dis (2008) 2.77

Optimal uses of antiretrovirals for prevention in HIV-1 serodiscordant heterosexual couples in South Africa: a modelling study. PLoS Med (2011) 2.76

Specific, sensitive, and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human immunoglobulin G antibodies to anthrax toxin protective antigen. Emerg Infect Dis (2002) 2.76

Combination HIV prevention: significance, challenges, and opportunities. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep (2011) 2.72

HIV-1, sexually transmitted infections, and sexual behavior trends among men who have sex with men in Lima, Peru. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2007) 2.71

Periconception pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV transmission: benefits, risks, and challenges to implementation. AIDS (2010) 2.70

Vaginal washing and increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition among African women: a 10-year prospective study. AIDS (2006) 2.67

Higher set point plasma viral load and more-severe acute HIV type 1 (HIV-1) illness predict mortality among high-risk HIV-1-infected African women. Clin Infect Dis (2006) 2.65

HIV/AIDS stigma and refusal of HIV testing among pregnant women in rural Kenya: results from the MAMAS Study. AIDS Behav (2011) 2.59

Estimating the impact of plasma HIV-1 RNA reductions on heterosexual HIV-1 transmission risk. PLoS One (2010) 2.48

Injectable contraceptive use and genital ulcer disease during the early phase of HIV-1 infection increase plasma virus load in women. J Infect Dis (2004) 2.47

HIV incidence determination in the United States: a multiassay approach. J Infect Dis (2012) 2.47

Adherence to antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV prevention: a substudy cohort within a clinical trial of serodiscordant couples in East Africa. PLoS Med (2013) 2.44

Management of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in HIV type 1-infected persons. Clin Infect Dis (2006) 2.43

HIV protective efficacy and correlates of tenofovir blood concentrations in a clinical trial of PrEP for HIV prevention. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2014) 2.43

Viral linkage in HIV-1 seroconverters and their partners in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial. PLoS One (2011) 2.36

Sexual risk behaviors and implications for secondary HIV transmission during and after HIV seroconversion. AIDS (2002) 2.33

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) diversity at time of infection is not restricted to certain risk groups or specific HIV-1 subtypes. J Virol (2004) 2.33

The impact of early monitored management on survival in hospitalized adult Ugandan patients with severe sepsis: a prospective intervention study*. Crit Care Med (2012) 2.29

Genital ulcer disease treatment policies and access to acyclovir in eight sub-Saharan African countries. Sex Transm Dis (2010) 2.23

Improvement of vaginal health for Kenyan women at risk for acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: results of a randomized trial. J Infect Dis (2008) 2.21

Sexual behaviour of heterosexual men and women receiving antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: a longitudinal analysis. Lancet Infect Dis (2013) 2.18

Treatment of sexually transmitted infections for HIV prevention: end of the road or new beginning? AIDS (2010) 2.17

Childhood sexual abuse is highly associated with HIV risk-taking behavior and infection among MSM in the EXPLORE Study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2009) 2.17

Breadth of neutralizing antibody response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is affected by factors early in infection but does not influence disease progression. J Virol (2009) 2.16

Coreceptor tropism in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype D: high prevalence of CXCR4 tropism and heterogeneous composition of viral populations. J Virol (2007) 2.14

The efficacy of a network intervention to reduce HIV risk behaviors among drug users and risk partners in Chiang Mai, Thailand and Philadelphia, USA. Soc Sci Med (2008) 2.10

Long-term biological and behavioural impact of an adolescent sexual health intervention in Tanzania: follow-up survey of the community-based MEMA kwa Vijana Trial. PLoS Med (2010) 2.09

Lower respiratory tract infections among american Indian and Alaska Native children and the general population of U.S. Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J (2005) 2.07

Motivations for participating in an HIV vaccine efficacy trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2005) 2.04

Pregnancy, contraceptive use, and HIV acquisition in HPTN 039: relevance for HIV prevention trials among African women. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2010) 2.01

High HIV testing uptake and linkage to care in a novel program of home-based HIV counseling and testing with facilitated referral in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2013) 1.97

Tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: evolving evidence. Curr Opin Infect Dis (2012) 1.97

Infection with multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants is associated with faster disease progression. J Virol (2003) 1.96

The value of site preparedness studies for future implementation of phase 2/IIb/III HIV prevention trials: experience from the HPTN 055 study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2008) 1.91

Intravaginal practices, bacterial vaginosis, and HIV infection in women: individual participant data meta-analysis. PLoS Med (2011) 1.89

HIV sexual risk behavior over 36 months of follow-up in the world's first HIV vaccine efficacy trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (2005) 1.87