Determination and applications of MAC.

TREK-1, a K+ channel involved in neuroprotection and general anesthesia. EMBO J (2004) 2.85

General anaesthetic actions on ligand-gated ion channels. Cell Mol Life Sci (1999) 2.43

Volatile anesthetic effects on midbrain-elicited locomotion suggest that the locomotor network in the ventral spinal cord is the primary site for immobility. Anesthesiology (2008) 1.78

The timing of acupuncture stimulation does not influence anesthetic requirement. Anesth Analg (2005) 1.52

Validation and insights of anesthetic action in an early vertebrate network: the isolated lamprey spinal cord. Anesth Analg (2011) 1.40

Isoflurane anesthetic hypersensitivity and progressive respiratory depression in a mouse model with isolated mitochondrial complex I deficiency. J Anesth (2014) 1.40

Enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid-activated Cl- currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurones by three volatile anaesthetics. J Physiol (1992) 1.33

High throughput modular chambers for rapid evaluation of anesthetic sensitivity. BMC Anesthesiol (2006) 1.10

Comparison of the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia on the maternal-fetal unit in sheep. J Anesth (2009) 1.06

Differential modulatory actions of the volatile convulsant flurothyl and its anesthetic isomer at inhibitory ligand-gated ion channels. Neuropharmacology (2000) 0.88

Nephrotoxicity in dogs associated with methoxyflurane anesthesia and flunixin meglumine analgesia. Can Vet J (1990) 0.86

Determination of minimum alveolar concentration for isoflurane and sevoflurane in a rodent model of human metabolic syndrome. Anesth Analg (2011) 0.86

Glutamate receptor blockade in the rostral ventromedial medulla reduces the force of multisegmental motor responses to supramaximal noxious stimuli. Neurosci Lett (2007) 0.86

Minimum alveolar concentrations and hemodynamic effects of two different preparations of sevoflurane in pigs. Clinics (Sao Paulo) (2010) 0.85

Vital signs monitoring during injectable and inhalant anesthesia in mice. Exp Anim (2014) 0.84

Anesthesia with isoflurane and sevoflurane in the crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela hoya): minimum anesthetic concentration, physiological effects, hematocrit, plasma chemistry and behavioral effects. J Vet Med Sci (2013) 0.84

An evaluation of the influence of medetomidine hydrochloride and atipamezole hydrochloride on the arrhythmogenic dose of epinephrine in dogs during halothane anesthesia. Can J Vet Res (1996) 0.83

Evaluation of the arrhythmogenicity of a low dose of acepromazine: comparison with xylazine. Can J Vet Res (1997) 0.82

Cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning in rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury: propofol versus isoflurane. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B (2009) 0.81

Influence of prior determination of baseline minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane on the effect of ketamine on MAC in dogs. Can J Vet Res (2014) 0.81

The arrhythmogenic dose of epinephrine in halothane and isoflurane anesthetized dogs: an assessment of repeatability. Can J Vet Res (1997) 0.80

Prior determination of baseline minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of isoflurane does not influence the effect of ketamine on MAC in rabbits. Can J Vet Res (2012) 0.80

Nitrous oxide-induced analgesia does not influence nitrous oxide's immobilizing requirements. Anesth Analg (2009) 0.80

Pulse pressure variation and stroke volume variation under different inhaled concentrations of isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane in pigs undergoing hemorrhage. Clinics (Sao Paulo) (2015) 0.79

Determination of the minimum infusion rate of alfaxalone during its co-administration with midazolam in goats. Vet Rec Open (2015) 0.77

The cannabinoid receptor agonists, anandamide and WIN 55,212-2, do not directly affect mu opioid receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol (2007) 0.77

The effect of nitrous oxide on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) and MAC derivatives of isoflurane in dogs. Can J Vet Res (2013) 0.77

Comparison of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure with Toe Pinch and Bispectral Index for Monitoring the Depth of Anesthesia in Piglets. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci (2015) 0.76

The effect of multimodal analgesia on minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane for skin incision at constant bispectral index. Anesth Essays Res (2016) 0.75

Effects of lidocaine, dexmedetomidine or their combination on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs. J Vet Med Sci (2014) 0.75

Effects of ketamine and lidocaine in combination on the sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in alpacas. Can J Vet Res (2016) 0.75

Effect of Lidocaine-Ketamine Infusions Combined with Morphine or Fentanyl in Sevoflurane-Anesthetized Pigs. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci (2016) 0.75

Cardiorespiratory dose-response relationship of isoflurane in cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus) during spontaneous ventilation. J Vet Med Sci (2016) 0.75

Anesthetic effects on fictive locomotion in the rat isolated spinal cord. Neuroreport (2011) 0.75

Bumetanide, an Inhibitor of NKCC1 (Na-K-2Cl Cotransporter Isoform 1), Enhances Propofol-Induced Loss of Righting Reflex but Not Its Immobilizing Actions in Neonatal Rats. PLoS One (2016) 0.75

Lidocaine, dexmedetomidine and their combination reduce isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration in dogs. PLoS One (2014) 0.75

The effect of premedication with ketamine, alone or with diazepam, on anaesthesia with sevoflurane in parrots (Amazona aestiva). BMC Vet Res (2013) 0.75

After you, please: the second Annual John W. Severinghaus Lecture on Translational Science. Anesthesiology (2010) 0.75

Monitoring cerebral oxygenation and local field potential with a variation of isoflurane concentration in a rat model. Biomed Opt Express (2016) 0.75

The interaction of nitrous oxide and fentanyl on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane blocking motor movement (MACNM) in dogs. Can J Vet Res (2014) 0.75

The effect of carotid artery occlusion on lingual arterial blood pressure in dogs. Can Vet J (1997) 0.75

Effect of Acetaminophen Alone and in Combination with Morphine and Tramadol on the Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Isoflurane in Rats. PLoS One (2015) 0.75

Pancuronium enhances isoflurane anesthesia in rats via inhibition of cerebral nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Anesth (2016) 0.75

Comparing the costs of inhaled anesthetics. Anesthesiology (1993) 4.39

Polyhalogenated and perfluorinated compounds that disobey the Meyer-Overton hypothesis. Anesth Analg (1994) 4.12

Clinical dilemma: a patient with postdural puncture headache and acute leukemia. Anesth Analg (1999) 2.69

Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration: a standard of anesthetic potency. Anesthesiology (1966) 2.34

Toxicity of compound A in rats. Effect of a 3-hour administration. Anesthesiology (1994) 2.30

Decreases in anesthesia-controlled time cannot permit one additional surgical operation to be reliably scheduled during the workday. Anesth Analg (1995) 2.29

Toxicity of compound A in rats. Effect of increasing duration of administration. Anesthesiology (1994) 2.12

The cost efficacy of hypothetically eliminating adverse anesthetic outcomes from high-risk, but neither low- nor moderate-risk, surgical operations. Anesth Analg (1995) 2.09

A cost/benefit analysis of randomized invasive monitoring for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg (1989) 2.07

Voices from the past--from ice crystals to fruit flies in the quest for a molecular mechanism of anesthetic action. Anesth Analg (1993) 2.03

Isoflurane: a review. Anesthesiology (1981) 2.00

Sodium nitroprusside: pharmacology, toxicology and therapeutics. Anesthesiology (1976) 1.83

Kinetics and potency of desflurance (I-653) in volunteers. Anesth Analg (1990) 1.82

Subanesthetic concentrations of desflurane and propofol suppress recall of emotionally charged information. Anesth Analg (1995) 1.75

Carbon monoxide production from degradation of desflurane, enflurane, isoflurane, halothane, and sevoflurane by soda lime and Baralyme. Anesth Analg (1995) 1.74

Anesthesia by n-alkanes not consistent with the Meyer-Overton hypothesis: determinations of the solubilities of alkanes in saline and various lipids. Anesth Analg (1993) 1.70

Myocardial reinfarction after anesthesia and surgery. JAMA (1978) 1.69

Comparison of kinetics of sevoflurane and isoflurane in humans. Anesth Analg (1991) 1.63

Elderly, conscious patients have an accentuated hypotensive response to nitroglycerin. Anesthesiology (1992) 1.53

Ethylene--halothane anesthesia: addition or synergism? Anesthesiology (1969) 1.51

Analysis of strategies to decrease postanesthesia care unit costs. Anesthesiology (1995) 1.51

Naturally occurring variability in anesthetic potency among inbred mouse strains. Anesth Analg (2000) 1.51

Absorption and degradation of sevoflurane and isoflurane in a conventional anesthetic circuit. Anesth Analg (1991) 1.48

Glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptor function is enhanced by inhaled drugs of abuse. Mol Pharmacol (2000) 1.45

Determination of anesthetic requirement in rats. Anesthesiology (1974) 1.43

Dose-response relationship of isoflurane and halothane versus coronary perfusion pressures. Effects on flow redistribution in a collateralized chronic swine model. Anesthesiology (1992) 1.43

Specific gravities of desflurane, enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane. Anesth Analg (1994) 1.43

The degradation, absorption, and solubility of volatile anesthetics in soda lime depend on water content. Anesth Analg (1994) 1.40

Forty-hertz midlatency auditory evoked potential activity predicts wakeful response during desflurane and propofol anesthesia in volunteers. Anesthesiology (1999) 1.39

Cerebral blood flow in man at high altitude. Role of cerebrospinal fluid pH in normalization of flow in chronic hypocapnia. Circ Res (1966) 1.39

Efficacy of prior skin puncture in preventing i.v. catheter damage. Can J Anaesth (1991) 1.38

Halogenation and anesthetic potency. Anesth Analg (1989) 1.38

Solubility of I-653, sevoflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in human tissues. Anesth Analg (1989) 1.33

A molecular description of how noble gases and nitrogen bind to a model site of anesthetic action. Anesth Analg (1998) 1.31

Anterior shift of the dominant EEG rhytham during anesthesia in the Java monkey: correlation with anesthetic potency. Anesthesiology (1977) 1.29

Minimum alveolar concentrations of noble gases, nitrogen, and sulfur hexafluoride in rats: helium and neon as nonimmobilizers (nonanesthetics) Anesth Analg (1998) 1.28

What solvent best represents the site of action of inhaled anesthetics in humans, rats, and dogs? Anesth Analg (1991) 1.28

Potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor-mediated chloride currents by novel halogenated compounds correlates with their abilities to induce general anesthesia. Mol Pharmacol (1994) 1.28

Blockade of AMPA receptors and volatile anesthetics: reduced anesthetic requirements in GluR2 null mutant mice for loss of the righting reflex and antinociception but not minimum alveolar concentration. Anesthesiology (2001) 1.27

Partition coefficients for sevoflurane in human blood, saline, and olive oil. Anesth Analg (1987) 1.25

Minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) of isoflurande with and without nitrous oxide in patients of various ages. Anesthesiology (1975) 1.21

Rapid increase in desflurane concentration is associated with greater transient cardiovascular stimulation than with rapid increase in isoflurane concentration in humans. Anesthesiology (1994) 1.18

Cardiovascular effects of carbon dioxide in man. Anesthesiology (1974) 1.17

Effects of isoflurane and nitrous oxide in subanesthetic concentrations on memory and responsiveness in volunteers. Anesthesiology (1992) 1.15

The pharmacology of isoflurane. Br J Anaesth (1984) 1.14

A demonstration of the concentration and second gas effects in humans anesthetized with nitrous oxide and desflurane. Anesth Analg (1999) 1.13

Biotransformation of halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, and desflurane to trifluoroacetylated liver proteins: association between protein acylation and hepatic injury. Anesth Analg (1997) 1.13

Mouse strain modestly influences minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration and convulsivity of inhaled compounds. Anesth Analg (1999) 1.12

The effect of age on the rate of increase of alveolar anesthetic concentration. Anesthesiology (1971) 1.12

Perioperative myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery disease with and without aorta--coronary artery bypass grafts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg (1978) 1.10

Kinetics of desflurane, isoflurane, and halothane in humans. Anesthesiology (1991) 1.09

Narcotic properties of carbon dioxide in the dog. Anesthesiology (1967) 1.09

Postoperative respiratory care: a controlled trial of early and late extubation following coronary-artery bypass grafting. Anesthesiology (1980) 1.08

Equipotent alveolar concentrations of methoxyflurane, halothane, diethyl ether, fluroxene, cyclopropane, xenon and nitrous oxide in the dog. Anesthesiology (1966) 1.07

MAC expanded: AD50 and AD95 values of common inhalation anesthetics in man. Anesthesiology (1975) 1.07

Why do "pure" vasodilators cause coronary steal when anesthetics don't (or seldom do)? Anesth Analg (1991) 1.07

Bringing us up short. Anesth Analg (1994) 1.07

Anesthetic potencies of n-alkanols: results of additivity and solubility studies suggest a mechanism of action similar to that for conventional inhaled anesthetics. Anesth Analg (1997) 1.07

A pharmacologic and toxicological study of amygdalin. JAMA (1981) 1.06

Absorbents differ enormously in their capacity to produce compound A and carbon monoxide. Anesth Analg (2000) 1.06

Rates of awakening from anesthesia with I-653, halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane: a test of the effect of anesthetic concentration and duration in rats. Anesth Analg (1987) 1.06

A comparison of the cardiovascular effects of halothane, fluroxene, ether and cyclopropane in man: a resumé. Anesthesiology (1971) 1.05

Minimum alveolar concentrations of methoxyflurane, halothane, ether and cyclopropane in man: correlation with theories of anesthesia. Anesthesiology (1968) 1.05

Partition coefficients of I-653 in human blood, saline, and olive oil. Anesth Analg (1987) 1.04

Influence of CO2 on ventilatory acclimatization to altitude. J Appl Physiol (1968) 1.02

Anesthetic potencies and the unitary theory of narcosis. Anesth Analg (1981) 1.02

The cardiovascular effects of a new inhalation anesthetic, Forane, in human volunteers at constant arterial carbon dioxide tension. Anesthesiology (1971) 1.01

Inhaled anesthetic responses of recombinant receptors and knockin mice harboring α2(S270H/L277A) GABA(A) receptor subunits that are resistant to isoflurane. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2010) 1.01

The minimum alveolar concentration of nitrous oxide in man. Anesth Analg (1982) 1.01

Comparative times to peak effect and durations of action of neostigmine and pyridostigmine. Anesthesiology (1974) 1.00

Temperature dependence of halothane and cyclopropane anesthesia in dogs: correlation with some theories of anesthetic action. Anesthesiology (1966) 0.99

Fentanyl, esmolol, and clonidine blunt the transient cardiovascular stimulation induced by desflurane in humans. Anesthesiology (1994) 0.99

Etomidate vs. thiopental with and without fentanyl--a comparative study of awakening in man. Anesthesiology (1980) 0.99

Clinical characteristics of desflurane in surgical patients: minimum alveolar concentration. Anesthesiology (1991) 0.98

The concentration of isoflurane required to suppress learning depends on the type of learning. Anesthesiology (2001) 0.98

The nonlinear responses of cerebral metabolism to low concentrations of halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, and thiopental. Anesthesiology (1977) 0.98

Enzyme induction by enflurane in man. Anesthesiology (1976) 0.97

Nitrous oxide minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration in rats is greater than previously reported. Anesth Analg (1994) 0.97

Comparative toxicities of halothane, isoflurane, and diethyl ether at subanesthetic concentrations in laboratory animals. Anesthesiology (1975) 0.97

Naloxone does not antagonize general anesthesia in the rat. Anesthesiology (1978) 0.96

The elimination of sodium and potassium hydroxides from desiccated soda lime diminishes degradation of desflurane to carbon monoxide and sevoflurane to compound A but does not compromise carbon dioxide absorption. Anesth Analg (1999) 0.96

A test of the carcinogenicity of enflurane, isoflurane, halothane, methoxyflurane, and nitrous oxide in mice. Anesth Analg (1979) 0.96

Nitrous oxide inactivates methionine synthetase in human liver. Anesth Analg (1982) 0.96

The dependence of pancuronium- and d-tubocurarine-induced neuromuscular blockades on alveolar concentrations of halothane and forane. Anesthesiology (1972) 0.96

The ventilatory effects of Forane, a new inhaled anesthetic. Anesthesiology (1971) 0.95

Behavioral effects of trace and subanesthetic halothane and nitrous oxide in man. Anesthesiology (1978) 0.95

The electroencephalogram in man anesthetized with forane. Anesthesiology (1971) 0.94

Neither GABA(A) nor strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors are the sole mediators of MAC for isoflurane. Anesth Analg (2001) 0.94

Mice tolerant to nitrous oxide are also tolerant to alcohol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (1980) 0.94

Inhaled anesthetics have hyperalgesic effects at 0.1 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration. Anesth Analg (2000) 0.94

Electrical stimulation as a substitute for the tail clamp in the determination of minimum alveolar concentration. Anesth Analg (1993) 0.92

Effect of n-alkane kinetics in rats on potency estimations and the Meyer-Overton hypothesis. Anesth Analg (1994) 0.92

Pharmacokinetics of inhaled anesthetics in humans: measurements during and after the simultaneous administration of enflurane, halothane, isoflurane, methoxyflurane, and nitrous oxide. Anesth Analg (1986) 0.92

Circulatory effects of halothane and halothane-nitrous oxide anesthesia in the dog: spontaneous ventilation. Am J Vet Res (1975) 0.92

Age and solubility of volatile anesthetics in blood. Anesthesiology (1984) 0.92

The effects of alpha-methyldopa, reserpine, guanethidine, and iproniazid on minimum alveolar anesthetic requirement (MAC). Anesthesiology (1969) 0.92

Biphasic respiratory depression after fentanyldroperidol or fentanyl alone used to supplement nitrous oxide anesthesia. Anesthesiology (1976) 0.92

Cardiovascular effects of halothane in man. Anesthesiology (1970) 0.91

Concentrations of desflurane and propofol that suppress response to command in humans. Anesth Analg (1995) 0.91

Anesthetic and convulsant properties of aromatic compounds and cycloalkanes: implications for mechanisms of narcosis. Anesth Analg (1996) 0.91