Published in BMJ on August 26, 1995
Preterm birth among African American and white women: a multilevel analysis of socioeconomic characteristics and cigarette smoking. J Epidemiol Community Health (2003) 6.82
Incidence and predictors of severe obstetric morbidity: case-control study. BMJ (2001) 4.75
A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies on the association between maternal cigarette smoking and preterm delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2000) 2.33
Under-attending free antenatal care is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. BMC Public Health (2007) 1.93
Socioeconomic inequalities in very preterm birth rates. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed (2006) 1.78
Psychosocial factors and preterm birth among African American and White women in central North Carolina. Am J Public Health (2004) 1.60
Effects of posttraumatic stress disorder on pregnancy outcomes. J Affect Disord (2007) 1.44
Partner violence during pregnancy: prevalence, effects, screening, and management. Int J Womens Health (2010) 1.25
How disturbed sleep may be a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol Surv (2009) 1.20
The social determinants of infant mortality and birth outcomes in Western developed nations: a cross-country systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health (2013) 1.19
Poor sleep quality is associated with preterm birth. Sleep (2011) 1.13
Passive smoking and preterm birth in urban China. Am J Epidemiol (2014) 1.05
Bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth: a prospective community-based cohort study. Br J Gen Pract (2004) 1.05
Caffeine and alcohol as risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome. Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study. Arch Dis Child (1999) 1.04
Maternal fish intake in late pregnancy and the frequency of low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation in a cohort of British infants. J Epidemiol Community Health (2004) 1.04
Persistent tobacco use during pregnancy and the likelihood of psychiatric disorders. Am J Public Health (2006) 1.02
Socioeconomic and work related determinants of pregnancy outcome in southern Thailand. J Epidemiol Community Health (1999) 0.98
Characteristics of women who continue smoking during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study of pregnant women and new mothers in 15 European countries. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth (2014) 0.94
Malaria infection, poor nutrition and indoor air pollution mediate socioeconomic differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes in Cape Coast, Ghana. PLoS One (2013) 0.94
Pharmacogenomics of maternal tobacco use: metabolic gene polymorphisms and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Obstet Gynecol (2010) 0.93
Caffeine consumption during pregnancy and risk of preterm birth: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr (2010) 0.92
Preconceptional factors associated with very low birthweight delivery in East and West Berlin: a case control study. BMC Public Health (2002) 0.91
Disturbed sleep, a novel risk factor for preterm birth? J Womens Health (Larchmt) (2011) 0.90
Genetic and epigenetic influences associated with intrauterine growth restriction due to in utero tobacco exposure. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev (2010) 0.89
Race, genes and preterm delivery. J Natl Med Assoc (2005) 0.87
Commentary: classification and cluster analysis. BMJ (1995) 0.87
Dichotomisation using a distributional approach when the outcome is skewed. BMC Med Res Methodol (2015) 0.86
The use of psychosocial stress scales in preterm birth research. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2011) 0.84
The impact of nurse case management home visitation on birth outcomes in African-American women. J Natl Med Assoc (2008) 0.84
Mimicking maternal smoking and pharmacotherapy of preterm labor: fetal nicotine exposure enhances the effect of late gestational dexamethasone treatment on noradrenergic circuits. Brain Res Bull (2011) 0.84
Does unemployment in family affect pregnancy outcome in conditions of high quality maternity care? BMC Public Health (2006) 0.83
Jail incarceration and birth outcomes. J Urban Health (2004) 0.80
Temporal changes in socioeconomic influences on health: maternal education and preterm birth. Am J Public Health (2012) 0.80
Low socioeconomic status negatively affects sleep in pregnant women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs (2014) 0.79
Preterm birth in the Inuit and First Nations populations of Québec, Canada, 1981-2008. Int J Circumpolar Health (2012) 0.77
Life course variation in the relation between maternal marital status and preterm birth. Ann Epidemiol (2012) 0.77
Estimated number of preterm births and low birth weight children born in the United States due to maternal binge drinking. Matern Child Health J (2013) 0.76
An investigation into the influence of socioeconomic variables on gestational body mass index in pregnant women living in a peri-urban settlement, South Africa. Matern Child Health J (2012) 0.76
A Study on the Association between Low Maternal Serum Magnesium Level and Preterm Labour. Adv Med (2014) 0.75
Prenatal Maternal Anxiety as a Risk Factor for Preterm Birth and the Effects of Heterogeneity on This Relationship: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomed Res Int (2016) 0.75
Changes in the relationship between marriage and preterm birth, 1989-2006. Public Health Rep (2011) 0.75
Serum magnesium levels in preterm labour in relation to socioeconomic status. Indian J Clin Biochem (1998) 0.75
Interethnic mating and risk for preterm birth among Arab-American mothers: evidence from the Arab-American Birth Outcomes Study. J Immigr Minor Health (2011) 0.75
Effects of wildfire disaster exposure on male birth weight in an Australian population. Evol Med Public Health (2015) 0.75
A scaled version of the General Health Questionnaire. Psychol Med (1979) 18.13
Abnormal bacterial colonisation of the genital tract and subsequent preterm delivery and late miscarriage. BMJ (1994) 5.07
Effects on birth weight of smoking, alcohol, caffeine, socioeconomic factors, and psychosocial stress. BMJ (1989) 3.83
Psychological distress in pregnancy and preterm delivery. BMJ (1993) 3.67
Perinatal events associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy. Am J Epidemiol (1976) 2.49
Life events and depression. A controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry (1969) 2.32
Birth weight and later socioeconomic disadvantage: evidence from the 1958 British cohort study. BMJ (1994) 1.93
Factors associated with spontaneous pre-term birth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1976) 1.90
An epidemiologic study of preterm delivery. Am J Epidemiol (1981) 1.67
Relation of caffeine intake during pregnancy to intrauterine growth retardation and preterm birth. Am J Epidemiol (1993) 1.61
Social adversity, low birth weight, and preterm delivery. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1987) 1.58
Cigarette, alcohol, and coffee consumption and prematurity. Am J Public Health (1992) 1.49
Inequalities in pregnancy outcome: a review of psychosocial and behavioural mediators. Soc Sci Med (1990) 1.31
Smoking and pregnancy: II. Offspring risks. Public Health Rev (1984) 1.18
Occupational and socio-medical factors in preterm birth. Obstet Gynecol (1989) 1.16
Risks of delivery during the 20th to the 36th week of gestation. Int J Epidemiol (1991) 1.06
Smoking as an independent variable in a multiple regression analysis upon birth weight and gestation. Am J Public Health Nations Health (1966) 1.05
Effects on birthweight of alcohol and caffeine consumption in smoking women. J Epidemiol Community Health (1991) 1.02
Comparison of the risk factors for pre-term delivery and intrauterine growth retardation. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol (1989) 1.01
Cigarette smoking and birthweight: type of cigarette smoked and a possible threshold effect. Int J Epidemiol (1991) 0.94
The epidemiology of preterm birth. Clin Obstet Gynecol (1988) 0.88
The incidence of preterm labor and specific risk factors. Obstet Gynecol (1990) 0.87
Symptoms and health problems in pregnancy: their association with social factors, smoking, alcohol, caffeine and attitude to pregnancy. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol (1994) 0.86
Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. Lancet (1986) 211.50
International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC): rationale and methods. Eur Respir J (1995) 13.01
Diagnostic tests 2: Predictive values. BMJ (1994) 12.97
Diagnostic tests. 1: Sensitivity and specificity. BMJ (1994) 11.35
Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. BMJ (1995) 10.36
Using patient and general practice characteristics to explain variations in cervical smear uptake rates. BMJ (1994) 9.81
Influence of morbidity, illness label, and social, family, and health service factors on drug treatment of childhood asthma. Lancet (1981) 7.65
Incidence and prognosis of asthma and wheezing illness from early childhood to age 33 in a national British cohort. BMJ (1996) 6.90
Statistics notes: the normal distribution. BMJ (1995) 6.82
Trends in the hospital care of acute childhood asthma 1970-8: a regional study. Br Med J (1980) 6.72
Increase in hospitalisation for childhood asthma. Arch Dis Child (1978) 6.72
Comparison of clinical information gained from routine blood-gas analysis and from gastric tonometry for intramural pH. Lancet (1993) 5.90
Statistics notes. Treatment allocation in controlled trials: why randomise? BMJ (1999) 5.86
Confounding and effect modification in the short-term effects of ambient particles on total mortality: results from 29 European cities within the APHEA2 project. Epidemiology (2001) 5.80
How to randomise. BMJ (1999) 5.24
Morbidity and school absence caused by asthma and wheezing illness. Arch Dis Child (1983) 5.09
Air pollution and daily mortality in London: 1987-92. BMJ (1996) 4.97
Comparing several groups using analysis of variance. BMJ (1996) 4.89
Controlled evaluation of the effects of patient education on asthma morbidity in general practice. Lancet (1986) 4.31
Time to event (survival) data. BMJ (1998) 4.29
The natural history of asthma in childhood. J Epidemiol Community Health (1986) 4.09
The intracluster correlation coefficient in cluster randomisation. BMJ (1998) 4.07
Short term effects of air pollution on health: a European approach using epidemiologic time series data: the APHEA protocol. J Epidemiol Community Health (1996) 3.90
Effects on birth weight of smoking, alcohol, caffeine, socioeconomic factors, and psychosocial stress. BMJ (1989) 3.83
The development of respiratory symptoms in a cohort of Kent schoolchildren. Bull Physiopathol Respir (Nancy) (1975) 3.78
Diagnostic tests 3: receiver operating characteristic plots. BMJ (1994) 3.73
Effectiveness of acute postoperative pain management: I. Evidence from published data. Br J Anaesth (2002) 3.60
Surgery on the rheumatoid cervical spine for the non-ambulant myelopathic patient-too much, too late? Lancet (1996) 3.52
Acute effects of particulate air pollution on respiratory admissions: results from APHEA 2 project. Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (2001) 3.40
Short-term effects of air pollution on health: a European approach using epidemiological time-series data. The APHEA project: background, objectives, design. Eur Respir J (1995) 3.19
Incidence of pregnancy after laparoscopy and hydrotubation. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1982) 3.11
Analysis of a trial randomised in clusters. BMJ (1998) 3.10
Burden of allergic disease in the UK: secondary analyses of national databases. Clin Exp Allergy (2004) 2.93
Detecting skewness from summary information. BMJ (1996) 2.88
Time trends in allergic disorders in the UK. Thorax (2006) 2.83
Sample size in cluster randomisation. BMJ (1998) 2.82
A national survey of asthma prevalence, severity, and treatment in Great Britain. Arch Dis Child (1994) 2.74
Randomized controlled trial of small group education on the outcome of chronic asthma in general practice. J R Coll Gen Pract (1989) 2.68
Quartiles, quintiles, centiles, and other quantiles. BMJ (1994) 2.68
Factors associated with the starting of cigarette smoking by primary school children. Br J Prev Soc Med (1974) 2.61
Long-term study of smoking by secondary schoolchildren. Arch Dis Child (1978) 2.54
Inappropriate use of daily mortality analyses to estimate longer-term mortality effects of air pollution. Int J Epidemiol (1998) 2.40
Trends in hospital admission rates for asthma in children. BMJ (1992) 2.32
Randomised controlled trial of effects of coordinating care for terminally ill cancer patients. BMJ (1992) 2.26
Daily concentrations of air pollution and plasma fibrinogen in London. Occup Environ Med (2000) 2.20
Deaths from abuse of volatile substances: a national epidemiological study. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1985) 2.19
Academic performance and social factors related to cigarette smoking by schoolchildren. Br J Prev Soc Med (1977) 2.15
Worldwide variations in prevalence of symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in children: the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). Pediatr Allergy Immunol (1997) 2.15
Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 is not a useful marker of prostate cancer. BJU Int (1999) 2.14
Medical care of asthma and wheezing illness in children: a community survey. J Epidemiol Community Health (1983) 2.14
Daily time series for cardiovascular hospital admissions and previous day's air pollution in London, UK. Occup Environ Med (1997) 2.10
Self-reported prevalence of asthma symptoms in children in Australia, England, Germany and New Zealand: an international comparison using the ISAAC protocol. Eur Respir J (1993) 2.07
A new, minimally invasive technique for measuring cardiac index: clinical comparison of continuous cardiac dynamic monitoring and pulmonary artery catheter methods. Anaesthesia (2009) 2.04
Antibody production studied by means of the localized haemolysis in gel (LHG) assay. 3. Mouse cells producing five different classes of antibody. Immunology (1969) 2.04
Uteroplacental arterial changes related to interstitial trophoblast migration in early human pregnancy. Placenta (1983) 2.03
Effects of air pollution on daily hospital admissions for respiratory disease in London between 1987-88 and 1991-92. J Epidemiol Community Health (1996) 2.02
Is the clinical trial evidence about new drugs statistically adequate? Br J Clin Pharmacol (1985) 2.01
Smoking and respiratory symptoms in two groups of schoolchildren. Prev Med (1976) 2.01
Chronic exposure to outdoor air pollution and lung function in adults. Thorax (2009) 1.98
Decision-making in acute asthma. J R Coll Gen Pract (1983) 1.98
Health effects of an air pollution episode in London, December 1991. Thorax (1995) 1.98
Ethnic variation in respiratory morbidity and lung function in childhood. Thorax (1987) 1.94
Unequal cluster sizes for trials in English and Welsh general practice: implications for sample size calculations. Stat Med (2001) 1.93
Sex-specific antenatal reference growth charts for uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at 15-40 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (2004) 1.89
Plasma proinflammatory cytokine concentrations, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) III scores and survival in patients in an intensive care unit. Crit Care Med (1996) 1.86
Short-term associations between outdoor air pollution and mortality in London 1992-4. Occup Environ Med (1999) 1.85
Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene deletion polymorphism. A new risk factor for lacunar stroke but not carotid atheroma. Stroke (1995) 1.77
Handedness and longevity: archival study of cricketers. BMJ (1995) 1.76
Emergency hospital admissions for respiratory disorders attributable to summer time ozone episodes in Great Britain. Thorax (1997) 1.72
Effects of exposure to gas cooking in childhood and adulthood on respiratory symptoms, allergic sensitization and lung function in young British adults. Clin Exp Allergy (1999) 1.71
Respiratory morbidity and lung function after whooping-cough. Lancet (1983) 1.71
Statistics notes. Units of analysis. BMJ (1997) 1.70
Evaluating health education in asthma -- developing the methodology: preliminary communication. J R Soc Med (1982) 1.69
Impact of whooping cough on patients and their families. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1985) 1.68
Childhood antecedents of allergic sensitization in young British adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol (1997) 1.67
Current tuberculosis screening practices. Am J Public Health (1984) 1.67
The home environment and asthma symptoms in childhood: two population based case-control studies 13 years apart. Thorax (1997) 1.65
An investigation of 140 deaths associated with volatile substance abuse in the United Kingdom (1971-1981). Hum Toxicol (1982) 1.64
Controlling deaths from volatile substance abuse in under 18s: the effects of legislation. BMJ (1992) 1.63
Impact of heat on mortality in 15 European cities: attributable deaths under different weather scenarios. J Epidemiol Community Health (2009) 1.62
Air pollution, pollens, and daily admissions for asthma in London 1987-92. Thorax (1998) 1.62
Regional variations in wheezing illness in British children: effect of migration during early childhood. J Epidemiol Community Health (1990) 1.61
Cough hypersensitivity syndrome: a distinct clinical entity. Lung (2010) 1.61
The effect of anxiety and depression during pregnancy on obstetric complications. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1993) 1.60
Respiratory abnormalities in Papua New Guinea children: the effects of locality and domestic wood smoke pollution. Int J Epidemiol (1978) 1.59
Association of air pollution with daily GP consultations for asthma and other lower respiratory conditions in London. Thorax (1999) 1.59
Short-term effects of air pollution on hospital admissions of respiratory diseases in Europe: a quantitative summary of APHEA study results. Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach. Arch Environ Health (1998) 1.59
Acute effects of winter air pollution on respiratory function in schoolchildren in southern England. Occup Environ Med (2003) 1.57
Comparison of asthma prevalence in the ISAAC and the ECRHS. ISAAC Steering Committee and the European Community Respiratory Health Survey. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Eur Respir J (2000) 1.57
The effect of pertussis vaccine on the immune response of mice to sheep red blood cells. Clin Exp Immunol (1970) 1.56
Global map of the prevalence of symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis in children: The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three. Allergy (2009) 1.55