Association between maternal anxiety in pregnancy and increased uterine artery resistance index: cohort based study.

PubWeight™: 2.54‹?› | Rank: Top 2%

🔗 View Article (PMC 27690)

Published in BMJ on January 16, 1999

Authors

J M Teixeira1, N M Fisk, V Glover

Author Affiliations

1: Centre for Fetal Care, Division of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, London W6 0XG.

Associated clinical trials:

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) for Depression in Pregnancy: A Pilot Study | NCT02116127

Articles citing this

Cohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and after childbirth. BMJ (2001) 6.09

Stillbirth as risk factor for depression and anxiety in the subsequent pregnancy: cohort study. BMJ (1999) 2.26

Does fetal exposure to SSRIs or maternal depression impact infant growth? Am J Psychiatry (2013) 2.19

The contribution of maternal stress to preterm birth: issues and considerations. Clin Perinatol (2011) 1.63

Effects of posttraumatic stress disorder on pregnancy outcomes. J Affect Disord (2007) 1.44

Impact of maternal stress, depression and anxiety on fetal neurobehavioral development. Clin Obstet Gynecol (2009) 1.35

Comorbid depression and anxiety effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcome. Infant Behav Dev (2009) 1.28

Depression in childbearing women: when depression complicates pregnancy. Prim Care (2009) 1.22

Prenatal maternal stress and atopic diseases in the child: a systematic review of observational human studies. Allergy (2015) 1.11

Relation of maternal stress during pregnancy to symptom severity and response to treatment in children with ADHD. J Psychiatry Neurosci (2008) 1.10

Prenatal stress induces increased striatal dopamine transporter binding in adult nonhuman primates. Biol Psychiatry (2013) 1.10

When depression complicates childbearing: guidelines for screening and treatment during antenatal and postpartum obstetric care. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am (2009) 1.09

Surveillance CT scans are a source of anxiety and fear of recurrence in long-term lymphoma survivors. Ann Oncol (2010) 1.08

High pregnancy-related anxiety and prenatal depressive symptoms as predictors of intention to breastfeed and breastfeeding initiation. J Womens Health (Larchmt) (2009) 1.06

First-borns carry a higher metabolic risk in early adulthood: evidence from a prospective cohort study. PLoS One (2010) 1.05

Research review: maternal prenatal distress and poor nutrition - mutually influencing risk factors affecting infant neurocognitive development. J Child Psychol Psychiatry (2012) 1.04

Antenatal depression and children's developmental outcomes: potential mechanisms and treatment options. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry (2014) 1.00

Fetal responses to induced maternal relaxation during pregnancy. Biol Psychol (2007) 0.98

Newborn neurobehavioral patterns are differentially related to prenatal maternal major depressive disorder and serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment. Depress Anxiety (2011) 0.96

Prenatal depression effects and interventions: a review. Infant Behav Dev (2010) 0.96

Perinatal depression in a cohort study on Iranian women. J Res Med Sci (2010) 0.96

Practitioner review: maternal mood in pregnancy and child development--implications for child psychology and psychiatry. J Child Psychol Psychiatry (2013) 0.96

Risks of untreated depression during pregnancy. Can Fam Physician (2004) 0.92

Racial residential segregation and low birth weight in Michigan's metropolitan areas. Am J Public Health (2011) 0.92

Maternal anxiety and infants' hippocampal development: timing matters. Transl Psychiatry (2013) 0.89

The Placenta as a Mediator of Stress Effects on Neurodevelopmental Reprogramming. Neuropsychopharmacology (2015) 0.89

Fear of pregnancy and childbirth. Postgrad Med J (2003) 0.87

Maternal Stress during Pregnancy, ADHD Symptomatology in Children and Genotype: Gene-Environment Interaction. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry (2012) 0.87

CALM Pregnancy: results of a pilot study of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for perinatal anxiety. Arch Womens Ment Health (2014) 0.87

Stress and the social determinants of maternal health among Puerto Rican women: a CBPR approach. J Health Care Poor Underserved (2011) 0.85

National origin and behavioural problems of toddlers: the role of family risk factors and maternal immigration characteristics. J Abnorm Child Psychol (2010) 0.83

A pilot randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy for antenatal depression. BMC Psychiatry (2013) 0.83

Associations of maternal psychological factors with umbilical and uterine blood flow. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol (2011) 0.83

Parents' experiences of an abnormal ultrasound examination - vacillating between emotional confusion and sense of reality. Reprod Health (2010) 0.83

Pregnancy, depression, antidepressants and breast-feeding. J Psychiatry Neurosci (2006) 0.83

Evaluation of a birth preparation program on lumbopelvic pain, urinary incontinence, anxiety and exercise: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth (2013) 0.82

Pregnancy distress gets under fetal skin: Maternal ambulatory assessment & sex differences in prenatal development. Dev Psychobiol (2015) 0.82

Health-related quality of life of infants from ethnic minority groups: the Generation R Study. Qual Life Res (2012) 0.82

A survey on worries of pregnant women--testing the German version of the Cambridge worry scale. BMC Public Health (2009) 0.82

The effects of maternal anxiety prior to amniocentesis on uterine and fetal umbilical blood flow. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc (2009) 0.82

Genesis of preeclampsia: an epidemiological approach. ISRN Obstet Gynecol (2012) 0.80

Uterine blood flow in a psychiatric population: impact of maternal depression, anxiety, and psychotropic medication. Biol Psychiatry (2012) 0.80

Mood disorders and their pharmacological treatment during pregnancy: is the future child affected? Pediatr Res (2011) 0.80

Association between maternal antenatal depression and infant development: a hospital-based prospective cohort study. Environ Health Prev Med (2013) 0.80

Antenatal mindfulness intervention to reduce depression, anxiety and stress: a pilot randomised controlled trial of the MindBabyBody program in an Australian tertiary maternity hospital. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth (2014) 0.79

Antenatal Mental Health and Retinal Vascular Caliber in Pregnant Women. Transl Vis Sci Technol (2013) 0.78

The effect of depression on heart rate variability during pregnancy. A naturalistic study. Clin Auton Res (2008) 0.78

Discriminatory mass de-housing and low-weight births: scales of geography, time, and level. J Urban Health (2011) 0.78

Relation between maternal antenatal anxiety and infants' weight depends on infants' sex: A longitudinal study from late gestation to 1-month post birth. J Psychosom Res (2015) 0.77

Psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder: risk factors and associations with birth outcomes in the Drakenstein Child Health Study. Eur J Psychotraumatol (2016) 0.77

Maternal psychological distress and placental circulation in pregnancies after a previous offspring with congenital malformation. PLoS One (2014) 0.77

Obstetric and psychosocial risk factors for Australian-born and non-Australian born women and associated pregnancy and birth outcomes: a population based cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth (2015) 0.76

A potential role for allostatic load in preeclampsia. Matern Child Health J (2015) 0.76

Dyadic Intervention during Pregnancy? Treating Pregnant Women and Possibly Reaching the Future Baby. Infant Ment Health J (2008) 0.76

Depression and anxiety in pregnancy and postpartum in women with mild and severe preeclampsia. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res (2015) 0.76

Does antenatal maternal psychological distress affect placental circulation in the third trimester? PLoS One (2013) 0.76

Early prenatal food supplementation ameliorates the negative association of maternal stress with birth size in a randomised trial. Matern Child Nutr (2013) 0.76

Stress matters! Psychophysiological and emotional loadings of pregnant women undergoing fetal magnetic resonance imaging. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth (2015) 0.76

Prenatal Maternal Distress and Allergic Diseases in Offspring: Review of Evidence and Possible Pathways. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res (2017) 0.75

Effect of Vocalization of the Holy Quran With and Without Translation on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Iran Red Crescent Med J (2016) 0.75

Pregnancy complications associated with the co-prevalence of excess maternal weight and depression. Int J Obes (Lond) (2015) 0.75

Depression and Anxiety in Women During Pregnancy in Slovenia. Zdr Varst (2014) 0.75

Demographic Characteristics, Health Behaviors Before and During Pregnancy, and Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Mothers with Different Pregnancy Planning Status. Prev Sci (2016) 0.75

Premedication with midazolam prior to cesarean delivery in preeclamptic parturients: A randomized controlled trial. Anesth Essays Res (2016) 0.75

Cited studies did not show relation between maternal anxiety and birth weight. BMJ (1999) 0.75

Comparison of the effects of doula supportive care and acupressure at the BL32 point on the mother's anxiety level and delivery outcome. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res (2015) 0.75

Cross-generational influences on childhood anxiety disorders: pathways and mechanisms. J Neural Transm (Vienna) (2016) 0.75

Effect of maternal job strain during pregnancy on infant neurodevelopment by gender at 6 and 12 months: Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) study. Ann Occup Environ Med (2015) 0.75

Antenatal Escitalopram Use and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in a Newborn: A Case Report. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther (2016) 0.75

The effects of decreasing maternal anxiety on fetal oxygenation and nucleated red blood cells count in the cord blood. Iran J Pediatr (2014) 0.75

Relation of plasma tryptophan concentrations during pregnancy to maternal sleep and mental well-being: The GUSTO cohort. J Affect Disord (2017) 0.75

Prenatal Maternal Stress and the Risk of Asthma in Children. Front Pediatr (2017) 0.75

Sensory Processing in Rhesus Monkeys: Developmental Continuity, Prenatal Treatment, and Genetic Influences. Child Dev (2016) 0.75

Maternal choline status during pregnancy, but not that of betaine, is related to antenatal mental well-being: The growing up in Singapore toward healthy outcomes cohort. Depress Anxiety (2017) 0.75

Articles cited by this

Fetal origins of coronary heart disease. BMJ (1995) 11.27

Genetic conflicts in human pregnancy. Q Rev Biol (1993) 4.96

Inadequate maternal vascular response to placentation in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and by small-for-gestational age infants. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1986) 4.65

The preterm prediction study: maternal stress is associated with spontaneous preterm birth at less than thirty-five weeks' gestation. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1996) 3.09

The association between prenatal stress and infant birth weight and gestational age at birth: a prospective investigation. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1993) 2.44

Do stressful life events affect duration of gestation and risk of preterm delivery? Epidemiology (1996) 2.24

Fetal exposure to maternal cortisol. Lancet (1998) 2.22

Prenatal stressors of human life affect fetal brain development. Dev Med Child Neurol (1994) 2.00

Prenatal stress increases the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis response in young and adult rats. J Neuroendocrinol (1994) 1.71

Prenatal psychosocial factors and the neuroendocrine axis in human pregnancy. Psychosom Med (1997) 1.63

The effect of anxiety and depression during pregnancy on obstetric complications. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1993) 1.60

The Wellcome Foundation Lecture, 1994. The fetal origins of adult disease. Proc Biol Sci (1995) 1.55

Doppler ultrasound of the uterine arteries: the importance of bilateral notching in the prediction of pre-eclampsia, placental abruption or delivery of a small-for-gestational-age baby. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (1996) 1.25

The influence of maternal psychological stress on the fetus. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1978) 1.19

Doppler ultrasound screening as part of routine antenatal scanning: prediction of pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1993) 1.18

Circulatory response to systemic infusion of norepinephrine in the pregnant ewe. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1977) 1.18

Maternal anxiety during pregnancy: effect on fetal behavior at 38 to 40 weeks of gestation. J Dev Behav Pediatr (1995) 1.04

Visual ERPs evidence for enhanced processing of threatening information in anxious university students. Biol Psychiatry (1995) 0.98

The effects of S-nitrosoglutathione on platelet activation, hypertension, and uterine and fetal Doppler in severe preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol (1996) 0.97

Doppler velocimetry of the uterine arteries in nulliparous women. Early Hum Dev (1997) 0.96

Ultrasonographic study of fetal movements. Semin Perinatol (1981) 0.95

The effect of exercise on uteroplacental Doppler waveforms in normal and complicated pregnancies. Obstet Gynecol (1992) 0.91

Peripheral catecholamine levels and the symptoms of anxiety: studies in patients with and without pheochromocytoma. Psychosom Med (1990) 0.90

Effects of neuropeptide Y and noradrenaline on uterine artery blood pressure and blood flow velocity in the pregnant guinea-pig. Regul Pept (1990) 0.89

Uterine artery blood flow response to correction of amniotic fluid volume. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1995) 0.85

Emotional factors in prenatal environment. A review. J Nerv Ment Dis (1965) 0.83

Articles by these authors

Minimal compliance with the Department of Health recommendation for routine folate prophylaxis to prevent fetal neural tube defects. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1994) 5.61

Fetal plasma cortisol and beta-endorphin response to intrauterine needling. Lancet (1994) 5.32

Identification of mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells in human first-trimester fetal blood, liver, and bone marrow. Blood (2001) 4.22

Obstetricians' personal choice and mode of delivery. Lancet (1996) 3.01

Randomised trial of educational visits to enhance use of systematic reviews in 25 obstetric units. BMJ (1998) 2.94

Are clinicians interested in up to date reviews of effective care? BMJ (1993) 2.94

Prospective risk of unexplained stillbirth in singleton pregnancies at term: population based analysis. BMJ (1999) 2.61

Prenatal determination of fetal RhD type by DNA amplification. N Engl J Med (1993) 2.53

Fetal exposure to maternal cortisol. Lancet (1998) 2.22

Direct volume measurement at midtrimester amnioinfusion in relation to ultrasonographic indexes of amniotic fluid volume. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1994) 2.02

The natural caesarean: a woman-centred technique. BJOG (2008) 1.95

Survey of obstetricians' personal preference and discretionary practice. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol (1997) 1.88

Prenatal stress and neurodevelopment of the child: focus on the HPA axis and role of the placenta. Dev Neurosci (2009) 1.74

Links between early post-partum mood and post-natal depression. Br J Psychiatry (1992) 1.71

A new Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale: links with early maternal mood. Arch Womens Ment Health (2005) 1.71

Mode of delivery and subsequent stress response. Lancet (2000) 1.71

Limited role of fetal blood sampling in prediction of outcome in intrauterine growth retardation. Lancet (1990) 1.56

In-utero platelet transfusion for alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Lancet (1988) 1.55

Changes in plasma cortisol and catecholamine concentrations in response to massage in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child (1993) 1.54

Fetal blood sampling from the intrahepatic vein: analysis of safety and clinical experience with 214 procedures. Obstet Gynecol (1990) 1.52

Angioarchitecture of monochorionic placentas in relation to the twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1995) 1.52

Second-trimester echogenic bowel and intraamniotic bleeding: association between fetal bowel echogenicity and amniotic fluid spectrophotometry at 410 nm. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1996) 1.51

Acute maternal hydration in third-trimester oligohydramnios: effects on amniotic fluid volume, uteroplacental perfusion, and fetal blood flow and urine output. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1995) 1.51

Dopamine is a monoamine oxidase B substrate in man. Nature (1977) 1.48

Colour Doppler energy insonation of placental vasculature in monochorionic twins: absent arterio-arterial anastomoses in association with twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1998) 1.48

The value of color Doppler ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic umbilical artery. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (1994) 1.44

Low amniotic pressure in oligohydramnios--is this the cause of pulmonary hypoplasia? Am J Obstet Gynecol (1989) 1.44

Maternal-to-fetal transfer of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in vivo. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1998) 1.41

Ex vivo delineation of placental angioarchitecture with the microbubble contrast agent Levovist. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2000) 1.39

Fetal cholecystomegaly: a prenatal marker of aneuploidy. Prenat Diagn (1995) 1.38

Quantitative digital analysis of regional placental perfusion using power Doppler in placental abruption. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (2001) 1.38

Isatin: a link between natriuretic peptides and monoamines? Biochem Pharmacol (1996) 1.36

Fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress responses to invasive procedures are independent of maternal responses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2001) 1.35

Stress causes an increase in endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor (tribulin) in rat brain. Neurosci Lett (1988) 1.31

The HPA axis and perinatal depression: a hypothesis. Arch Womens Ment Health (2006) 1.31

Deprenyl administration in man: a selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitor without the 'cheese effect'. Psychopharmacology (Berl) (1978) 1.29

Fetal plasma testosterone correlates positively with cortisol. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed (2005) 1.28

Maternal antenatal anxiety and amniotic fluid cortisol and testosterone: possible implications for foetal programming. J Neuroendocrinol (2008) 1.28

Effects of fetal intravenous glucose challenge in normal and growth retarded fetuses. Horm Metab Res (1990) 1.27

Erythropoietic suppression in fetal anemia because of Kell alloimmunization. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1994) 1.22

Influence of twin-twin transfusion syndrome on fetal cardiovascular structure and function: prospective case-control study of 136 monochorionic twin pregnancies. Heart (2002) 1.16

Fetal origins of reduced arterial distensibility in the donor twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Lancet (2000) 1.14

Multiple forms of phenolsulphotransferase in human tissues: selective inhibition by dichloronitrophenol. Biochem Pharmacol (1982) 1.14

A monoamine oxidase inhibitor in human urine. Biochem Pharmacol (1980) 1.14

Platelet phenolsulphotransferase deficiency in dietary migraine. Lancet (1982) 1.13

Transitory decrease in platelet monoamine-oxidase activity during migraine attacks. Lancet (1977) 1.11

Tyramine in wine and beer. Lancet (1988) 1.11

Obstetricians say yes to maternal request for elective caesarean section: a survey of current opinion. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol (2001) 1.10

Fetal intraluminal gastric masses after second trimester amniocentesis. J Ultrasound Med (1994) 1.10

The prevalence of diet-induced migraine. Cephalalgia (1984) 1.09

Prenatal diagnosis of cerebral arteriovenous malformation using color Doppler ultrasonography: case report and review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (1995) 1.09

Human platelet phenolsulphotransferase M and P: substrate specificities and correlation with in vivo sulphoconjugation of paracetamol and salicylamide. Br J Clin Pharmacol (1983) 1.09

Clinical outcome of congenital talipes equinovarus diagnosed antenatally by ultrasound. J Bone Joint Surg Br (2000) 1.09

Human platelet phenolsulphotransferase: separate control of the two forms and activity range in depressive illness. Clin Chim Acta (1981) 1.09

Amniotic fluid testosterone: relationship with cortisol and gestational age. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) (2007) 1.08

Sulphate conjugation of biologically active monoamines and their metabolites by human platelet phenolsulphotransferase. Clin Chim Acta (1981) 1.07

Identification of fetal mesenchymal stem cells in maternal blood: implications for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. Mol Hum Reprod (2003) 1.04

Quality of child-parent attachment moderates the impact of antenatal stress on child fearfulness. J Child Psychol Psychiatry (2008) 1.03

Perinatal morbidity and mortality rates in severe twin-twin transfusion syndrome: results of the International Amnioreduction Registry. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2001) 1.03

Systemic delivery of scAAV9 in fetal macaques facilitates neuronal transduction of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Gene Ther (2012) 1.03

Reducing the incidence of twins and triplets. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol (2003) 1.02

Placental angioarchitecture in monochorionic twin pregnancies: relationship to fetal growth, fetofetal transfusion syndrome, and pregnancy outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2000) 1.02

Functional intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in human fetal mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Death Differ (2005) 0.98

Human fetal and maternal noradrenaline responses to invasive procedures. Pediatr Res (1999) 0.97

Clinical and echographic features of in utero cardiac dysfunction in the recipient twin in twin-twin transfusion syndrome. Br Heart J (1994) 0.96

Infant massage improves mother-infant interaction for mothers with postnatal depression. J Affect Disord (2001) 0.96

Fetal blood sampling in retreat. BMJ (1993) 0.96

Urinary monoamine oxidase inhibitor and benzodiazepine withdrawal. Br J Psychiatry (1982) 0.96

Prenatal stress alters cardiovascular responses in adult rats. J Physiol (2004) 0.96

Umbilical cortisol levels as an indicator of the fetal stress response to assisted vaginal delivery. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol (2001) 0.96

Fetal urine biochemistry: an index of renal maturation and dysfunction. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1992) 0.95

Characterisation of deep arterio-venous anastomoses within monochorionic placentae by vascular casting. Placenta (2005) 0.95

The inhibition of tyramine oxidation and the tyramine hypertensive response ("cheese effect") may be independent phenomena. J Neural Transm (1980) 0.94

The relationship between stereopsis and fine manual dexterity: pilot study of a new instrument. Eye (Lond) (1991) 0.93

The effects of acute relaxation on indices of anxiety during pregnancy. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol (2005) 0.93

Long-term in utero drainage of fetal hydrothorax. N Engl J Med (1988) 0.93

Red wine as a cause of migraine. Lancet (1988) 0.93

Clinical chemistry of monoamine oxidase. Cell Biochem Funct (1986) 0.93

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome results from dynamic asymmetrical reduction in placental anastomoses: a hypothesis. Placenta (2001) 0.91

True knot of the umbilical cord: a difficult prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (1995) 0.91

Stress responses at birth: determinants of cord arterial cortisol and links with cortisol response in infancy. BJOG (2005) 0.91

Development of benzylamine oxidase and monoamine oxidase A and B in man. Biochem Pharmacol (1980) 0.91

Isatin, an endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitor, triggers a dose- and time-dependent switch from apoptosis to necrosis in human neuroblastoma cells. Neurochem Int (2005) 0.91

High EPDS scores in women from ethnic minorities living in London. Arch Womens Ment Health (2003) 0.90

Phenolsulphotransferase in human placenta. Biochem Pharmacol (1983) 0.90

Histochemical localisation of monoamine oxidase A and B in rat brain. J Neural Transm (1988) 0.89

Maternal stress or anxiety in pregnancy and emotional development of the child. Br J Psychiatry (1997) 0.89

High incidence of endogenous depression in migraine: confirmation by tyramine test. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry (1990) 0.89

A simple quick microassay for choline acetyltransferase. J Neurochem (1972) 0.89

High sensitivity of fetal DNA in plasma compared to serum and nucleated cells using unnested PCR in maternal blood. Fetal Diagn Ther (2000) 0.89

Vascular occlusion using focused ultrasound surgery for use in fetal medicine. Eur J Ultrasound (1999) 0.89

Human fetal and maternal corticotrophin releasing hormone responses to acute stress. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed (2004) 0.88