A new endogenous ATP analog (ApppI) inhibits the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) and is responsible for the apoptosis induced by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates.

PubWeight™: 1.67‹?› | Rank: Top 3%

🔗 View Article (PMC 1616989)

Published in Br J Pharmacol on February 01, 2006

Authors

Hannu Mönkkönen1, Seppo Auriola, Petri Lehenkari, Maarit Kellinsalmi, Ilmo E Hassinen, Jouko Vepsäläinen, Jukka Mönkkönen

Author Affiliations

1: Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Kuopio, POB 1627, Kuopio, FIN-70211, Finland. hannu.monkkonen@uku.fi

Articles citing this

Mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates: similarities and differences and their potential influence on clinical efficacy. Osteoporos Int (2008) 4.73

Six-of-the-best: unique contributions of γδ T cells to immunology. Nat Rev Immunol (2013) 3.77

Key implication of CD277/butyrophilin-3 (BTN3A) in cellular stress sensing by a major human γδ T-cell subset. Blood (2012) 2.57

Lipophilic bisphosphonates as dual farnesyl/geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibitors: an X-ray and NMR investigation. J Am Chem Soc (2009) 1.75

Tumour macrophages as potential targets of bisphosphonates. J Transl Med (2011) 1.53

Peripheral blood monocytes are responsible for gammadelta T cell activation induced by zoledronic acid through accumulation of IPP/DMAPP. Br J Haematol (2008) 1.51

Targeting isoprenoid biosynthesis for drug discovery: bench to bedside. Acc Chem Res (2010) 1.40

Lipophilic bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of Plasmodium liver-stage growth. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2010) 1.07

The acidocalcisome as a target for chemotherapeutic agents in protozoan parasites. Curr Pharm Des (2008) 1.05

Zoledronic acid inhibits macrophage/microglia-assisted breast cancer cell invasion. Oncotarget (2013) 1.01

Specific requirements for Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell stimulation by a natural adenylated phosphoantigen. J Immunol (2009) 0.98

Purinergic signalling in the musculoskeletal system. Purinergic Signal (2013) 0.93

Zoledronic acid reduces bone loss and tumor growth in an orthotopic xenograft model of osteolytic oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res (2010) 0.91

γδ T cell receptor ligands and modes of antigen recognition. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) (2011) 0.91

Alendronate decreases orthotopic PC-3 prostate tumor growth and metastasis to prostate-draining lymph nodes in nude mice. BMC Cancer (2008) 0.90

8-Amino-adenosine inhibits multiple mechanisms of transcription. Mol Cancer Ther (2010) 0.90

Intraperitoneal injection of in vitro expanded Vγ9Vδ2 T cells together with zoledronate for the treatment of malignant ascites due to gastric cancer. Cancer Med (2014) 0.88

Protein isoprenylation regulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells: effect of alendronate, and farnesyl and geranylgeranyl transferase inhibitors. Br J Pharmacol (2011) 0.86

Human isoprenoid synthase enzymes as therapeutic targets. Front Chem (2014) 0.86

Zoledronic acid induces formation of a pro-apoptotic ATP analogue and isopentenyl pyrophosphate in osteoclasts in vivo and in MCF-7 cells in vitro. Br J Pharmacol (2009) 0.85

Bisphosphonates as antimyeloma drugs. Leukemia (2011) 0.83

Painful boney metastases. Korean J Pain (2013) 0.83

Activity of mevalonate pathway inhibitors against breast and ovarian cancers in the ATP-based tumour chemosensitivity assay. BMC Cancer (2009) 0.83

Zoledronic acid induces apoptosis and S-phase arrest in mesothelioma through inhibiting Rab family proteins and topoisomerase II actions. Cell Death Dis (2014) 0.82

Analysis of molecular mechanisms and anti-tumoural effects of zoledronic acid in breast cancer cells. J Cell Mol Med (2012) 0.82

Suppression of CYP2B induction by alendronate-mediated farnesyl diphosphate synthase inhibition in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos (2008) 0.80

Ibandronate increases the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene FAS by epigenetic mechanisms in tumor cells. Biochem Pharmacol (2012) 0.80

Liposome encapsulated zoledronate favours M1-like behaviour in murine macrophages cultured with soluble factors from breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer (2015) 0.80

FemZone trial: a randomized phase II trial comparing neoadjuvant letrozole and zoledronic acid with letrozole in primary breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer (2014) 0.80

The Vγ9Vδ2 T Cell Antigen Receptor and Butyrophilin-3 A1: Models of Interaction, the Possibility of Co-Evolution, and the Case of Dendritic Epidermal T Cells. Front Immunol (2014) 0.80

Lysosomal-mitochondrial axis in zoledronic acid-induced apoptosis in human follicular lymphoma cells. J Biol Chem (2009) 0.79

A novel bisphosphonate inhibitor of squalene synthase combined with a statin or a nitrogenous bisphosphonate in vitro. J Lipid Res (2011) 0.78

Enhancing adoptive cancer immunotherapy with Vγ2Vδ2 T cells through pulse zoledronate stimulation. J Immunother Cancer (2017) 0.77

Differential effect of zoledronic acid on human vascular smooth muscle cells. J Surg Res (2012) 0.77

Probenecid as a sensitizer of bisphosphonate-mediated effects in breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer (2014) 0.77

Protection of bone in premenopausal women with breast cancer: focus on zoledronic acid. Int J Womens Health (2012) 0.76

Pro-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of bisphosphonates on human cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells. Br J Ophthalmol (2013) 0.76

Crystallization and preliminary neutron diffraction experiment of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase complexed with risedronate. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun (2014) 0.76

The effects of zoledronate on monocyte-derived dendritic cells from melanoma patients differ depending on the clinical stage of the disease. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2014) 0.76

Collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis resulting from a single dose of zoledronate. Nephron Extra (2014) 0.76

Are macrophages in tumors good targets for novel therapeutic approaches? Mol Cells (2014) 0.75

Two strategies for the synthesis of the biologically important ATP analogue ApppI, at a multi-milligram scale. Beilstein J Org Chem (2015) 0.75

Toll-like receptor 9 expression is associated with breast cancer sensitivity to the growth inhibitory effects of bisphosphonates in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget (2016) 0.75

Bisphosphonates as potential adjuvants for patients with cancers of the digestive system. World J Gastroenterol (2016) 0.75

Synergistic effects of ethanol and isopentenyl pyrophosphate on expansion of γδ T cells in synovial fluid from patients with arthritis. PLoS One (2014) 0.75

Synthesis of medronic acid monoesters and their purification by high-performance countercurrent chromatography or by hydroxyapatite. Beilstein J Org Chem (2016) 0.75

Use of ibandronate in the prevention of skeletal events in metastatic breast cancer. Ther Clin Risk Manag (2008) 0.75

Vγ9Vδ2 T cell activation by strongly agonistic nucleotidic phosphoantigens. Cell Mol Life Sci (2017) 0.75

The Electroporation as a Tool for Studying the Role of Plasma Membrane in the Mechanism of Cytotoxicity of Bisphosphonates and Menadione. J Membr Biol (2016) 0.75

Articles cited by this

Mitochondrial control of cell death. Nat Med (2000) 9.17

Metastatic bone disease: clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment strategies. Cancer Treat Rev (2001) 6.57

The ADP/ATP translocator is not essential for the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Nature (2004) 5.85

Structure-activity relationships for inhibition of farnesyl diphosphate synthase in vitro and inhibition of bone resorption in vivo by nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2001) 3.59

Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Lancet (2002) 3.37

Bisphosphonates promote apoptosis in murine osteoclasts in vitro and in vivo. J Bone Miner Res (1995) 3.23

Human T cell receptor gammadelta cells recognize endogenous mevalonate metabolites in tumor cells. J Exp Med (2003) 3.13

Bisphosphonate action. Alendronate localization in rat bone and effects on osteoclast ultrastructure. J Clin Invest (1991) 2.63

New insights into the molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates. Curr Pharm Des (2003) 2.44

Removal of osteoclast bone resorption products by transcytosis. Science (1997) 2.08

Antitumor effects of bisphosphonates. Cancer (2003) 1.66

Resorption of dentine by isolated osteoclasts in vitro. Br Dent J (1984) 1.60

Inhibitors of permeability transition interfere with the disruption of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential during apoptosis. FEBS Lett (1996) 1.58

Farnesol and geranylgeraniol prevent activation of caspases by aminobisphosphonates: biochemical evidence for two distinct pharmacological classes of bisphosphonate drugs. Mol Pharmacol (1999) 1.48

Further insight into mechanism of action of clodronate: inhibition of mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocase by a nonhydrolyzable, adenine-containing metabolite. Mol Pharmacol (2002) 1.38

Mitochondrial regulation of apoptosis. News Physiol Sci (2003) 1.33

The molecular mechanism of action of the antiresorptive and antiinflammatory drug clodronate: evidence for the formation in vivo of a metabolite that inhibits bone resorption and causes osteoclast and macrophage apoptosis. Arthritis Rheum (2001) 1.31

Treatment of patients with Paget's disease of bone. Drugs (1999) 1.16

Sequence- and schedule-dependent enhancement of zoledronic acid induced apoptosis by doxorubicin in breast and prostate cancer cells. Int J Cancer (2005) 1.16

Effect of substrate composition on bone resorption by rabbit osteoclasts. J Cell Sci (1984) 1.06

Mitochondrial permeability: dual role for the ADP/ATP translocator? Nature (2004) 1.04

Bisphosphonates are incorporated into adenine nucleotides by human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1996) 0.95

Identification of adenine nucleotide-containing metabolites of bisphosphonate drugs using ion-pair liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl (1997) 0.91

Growth inhibition of macrophage-like and other cell types by liposome-encapsulated, calcium-bound, and free bisphosphonates in vitro. J Drug Target (1994) 0.90

The cellular uptake and metabolism of clodronate in RAW 264 macrophages. Pharm Res (2001) 0.84

Energy-independent protection of the oxidative phosphorylation capacity of mitochondria against anoxic damage by ATP and its non-metabolizable analogs. J Biochem (1985) 0.83

Analysis of an adenine nucleotide-containing metabolite of clodronate using ion pair high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl (2000) 0.83

Carboxyatractyloside increases the effect of oleate on mitochondrial permeability transition. FEBS Lett (1999) 0.82

Inhibition of the adenine nucleotide translocator by matrix-localized palmityl-CoA in rat heart mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta (1984) 0.79

Articles by these authors

Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) hydroxylases by citric acid cycle intermediates: possible links between cell metabolism and stabilization of HIF. J Biol Chem (2006) 2.86

Key implication of CD277/butyrophilin-3 (BTN3A) in cellular stress sensing by a major human γδ T-cell subset. Blood (2012) 2.57

Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor-B in mouse heart alters cardiac lipid metabolism and induces myocardial hypertrophy. Circ Res (2008) 2.15

Macrophage depletion by clodronate-containing liposomes reduces neointimal formation after balloon injury in rats and rabbits. Circulation (2002) 2.01

Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates. Bone (2010) 1.92

Peripheral blood monocytes are responsible for gammadelta T cell activation induced by zoledronic acid through accumulation of IPP/DMAPP. Br J Haematol (2008) 1.51

N-glycolylneuraminic acid xenoantigen contamination of human embryonic and mesenchymal stem cells is substantially reversible. Stem Cells (2006) 1.43

Butyrophilin 3A1 plays an essential role in prenyl pyrophosphate stimulation of human Vγ2Vδ2 T cells. J Immunol (2013) 1.39

Further insight into mechanism of action of clodronate: inhibition of mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocase by a nonhydrolyzable, adenine-containing metabolite. Mol Pharmacol (2002) 1.38

High phosphoantigen levels in bisphosphonate-treated human breast tumors promote Vgamma9Vdelta2 T-cell chemotaxis and cytotoxicity in vivo. Cancer Res (2011) 1.34

Molecular epidemiology of childhood mitochondrial encephalomyopathies in a Finnish population: sequence analysis of entire mtDNA of 17 children reveals heteroplasmic mutations in tRNAArg, tRNAGlu, and tRNALeu(UUR) genes. Pediatrics (2004) 1.32

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate activates Akt and improves spatial learning in APP/PS1 mice without affecting beta-amyloid burden. J Neurosci (2007) 1.28

Osteoblast recruitment from stem cells does not decrease by age at late adulthood. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2003) 1.22

Protein kinase C alpha/beta inhibitor Go6976 promotes formation of cell junctions and inhibits invasion of urinary bladder carcinoma cells. Cancer Res (2004) 1.21

Human mesenchymal stem cells lack tumor tropism but enhance the antitumor activity of oncolytic adenoviruses in orthotopic lung and breast tumors. Hum Gene Ther (2007) 1.19

The mechanism of action of induced membranes in bone repair. J Bone Joint Surg Am (2013) 1.18

Hearts of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase-2 hypomorphic mice show protection against acute ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Biol Chem (2010) 1.18

Comparison of tuber proteomes of potato varieties, landraces, and genetically modified lines. Plant Physiol (2005) 1.17

Comparison of drug transporter gene expression and functionality in Caco-2 cells from 10 different laboratories. Eur J Pharm Sci (2008) 1.16

Transferrin mediated solid lipid nanoparticles containing curcumin: enhanced in vitro anticancer activity by induction of apoptosis. Int J Pharm (2010) 1.11

Zoledronic acid potentiates mTOR inhibition and abolishes the resistance of osteosarcoma cells to RAD001 (Everolimus): pivotal role of the prenylation process. Cancer Res (2010) 1.10

Determination of tamsulosin in human aqueous humor and serum by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal (2006) 1.05

Glycomics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be used to evaluate their cellular differentiation stage. Glycoconj J (2008) 1.05

Role of hypusinated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A in polyamine depletion-induced cytostasis. J Biol Chem (2007) 1.03

Homozygous W748S mutation in the POLG1 gene in patients with juvenile-onset Alpers syndrome and status epilepticus. Epilepsia (2008) 1.03

Systemic depletion of macrophages by liposomal bisphosphonates reduces neointimal formation following balloon-injury in the rat carotid artery. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol (2003) 1.03

Mannose inhibits hyaluronan synthesis by down-regulation of the cellular pool of UDP-N-acetylhexosamines. J Biol Chem (2008) 1.03

Cardiac abnormalities in patients with mitochondrial DNA mutation 3243A>G. BMC Cardiovasc Disord (2002) 1.01

A pair of membrane-embedded acidic residues in the NuoK subunit of Escherichia coli NDH-1, a counterpart of the ND4L subunit of the mitochondrial complex I, are required for high ubiquinone reductase activity. Biochemistry (2004) 1.01

Proteomic analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alzheimer's disease and aging brain. Neurobiol Dis (2005) 1.01

Effects of triaryl phosphates on mouse and human nuclear receptors. Biochem Pharmacol (2004) 1.00

Activation of γδ T cells by bisphosphonates. Adv Exp Med Biol (2010) 0.99

Inhibition of cytokine secretion from adipocytes by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ via the NF-κB pathway. FASEB J (2012) 0.99

The stability and dissolution properties of solid glucagon/gamma-cyclodextrin powder. Eur J Pharm Sci (2008) 0.98

Zoledronic acid-induced IPP/ApppI production in vivo. Life Sci (2007) 0.98

The hypoxic tumor microenvironment regulates invasion of aggressive oral carcinoma cells. Exp Cell Res (2012) 0.98

Aminobisphosphonate-pretreated dendritic cells trigger successful Vgamma9Vdelta2 T cell amplification for immunotherapy in advanced cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother (2010) 0.97

Indirect stimulation of human Vγ2Vδ2 T cells through alterations in isoprenoid metabolism. J Immunol (2011) 0.97

The microglia-activating potential of thrombin: the protease is not involved in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. J Biol Chem (2004) 0.97

Human mesenchymal stem cell derived osteoblasts degrade organic bone matrix in vitro by matrix metalloproteinases. Matrix Biol (2005) 0.96

HIF-1α is upregulated in human mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells (2013) 0.95

Metabolite changes in BT4C rat gliomas undergoing ganciclovir-thymidine kinase gene therapy-induced programmed cell death as studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. J Biol Chem (2003) 0.95

Analysis of unstirred water layer in in vitro permeability experiments. J Pharm Sci (2009) 0.95

Bisphosphonate-induced ATP analog formation and its effect on inhibition of cancer cell growth. Anticancer Drugs (2008) 0.95

In vitro comparison of clodronate, pamidronate and zoledronic acid effects on rat osteoclasts and human stem cell-derived osteoblasts. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol (2005) 0.95

Glycosylation changes in Alzheimer's disease as revealed by a proteomic approach. Neurosci Lett (2004) 0.94

In vivo phosphoantigen levels in bisphosphonate-treated human breast tumors trigger Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell antitumor cytotoxicity through ICAM-1 engagement. Clin Cancer Res (2012) 0.93

Mevalonate pathway intermediates downregulate zoledronic acid-induced isopentenyl pyrophosphate and ATP analog formation in human breast cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol (2009) 0.92

Human CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase is a novel stem cell marker linked to stem cell-specific mechanisms. Stem Cells (2010) 0.92

Cell surface structures influence lung clearance rate of systemically infused mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells (2013) 0.92

Inhibition of mevalonate pathway is involved in alendronate-induced cell growth inhibition, but not in cytokine secretion from macrophages in vitro. Eur J Pharm Sci (2003) 0.91

Mass-spectrometric identification of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in nematodes. Chem Biodivers (2008) 0.91

Congenital pseudarthrosis of neurofibromatosis type 1: impaired osteoblast differentiation and function and altered NF1 gene expression. Bone (2008) 0.90

Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions in cells by atomic force microscopy. J Recept Signal Transduct Res (2002) 0.90

Statins and hip fracture prevention--a population based cohort study in women. PLoS One (2012) 0.90

Mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in umbilical cord blood- and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev (2011) 0.89

Toll-like receptor 9 expression in the natural history of Barrett mucosa. Virchows Arch (2015) 0.89

CD200 positive human mesenchymal stem cells suppress TNF-alpha secretion from CD200 receptor positive macrophage-like cells. PLoS One (2012) 0.89

Human testicular peritubular cells host putative stem Leydig cells with steroidogenic capacity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2014) 0.88

Simultaneous determination of eight beta-blockers by gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with combined ultraviolet and fluorescence detection in corneal permeability studies in vitro. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci (2002) 0.88

Fast and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay for seven androgenic and progestagenic steroids in human serum. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol (2011) 0.88

The 'allosteric modulator' SCH-202676 disrupts G protein-coupled receptor function via sulphydryl-sensitive mechanisms. Br J Pharmacol (2006) 0.88

Mitochondrial function determines the viability and osteogenic potency of human mesenchymal stem cells. Tissue Eng Part C Methods (2010) 0.88

The level of ATP analog and isopentenyl pyrophosphate correlates with zoledronic acid-induced apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro. Bone (2009) 0.88

Evaluation of hydroxyimine as cytochrome P450-selective prodrug structure. J Med Chem (2006) 0.87

Quantitative determination of acetylcholine in microdialysis samples using liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure spray ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom (2007) 0.87

Different amounts of protein-bound citrulline and homocitrulline in foot joint tissues of a patient with anti-citrullinated protein antibody positive erosive rheumatoid arthritis. J Transl Med (2013) 0.87

Drug adsorption to plastic containers and retention of drugs in cultured cells under in vitro conditions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm (2006) 0.87

Analysis of endogenous ATP analogs and mevalonate pathway metabolites in cancer cell cultures using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci (2009) 0.87

The MELAS mutations 3946 and 3949 perturb the critical structure in a conserved loop of the ND1 subunit of mitochondrial complex I. Hum Mol Genet (2006) 0.87

Myocardial overexpression of Mecr, a gene of mitochondrial FAS II leads to cardiac dysfunction in mouse. PLoS One (2009) 0.86

Aging bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells have altered membrane glycerophospholipid composition and functionality. J Lipid Res (2012) 0.86

Activity and stability of human kallikrein-2-specific linear and cyclic peptide inhibitors. J Pept Sci (2007) 0.86

Multivariate analysis of protein profiles of metal hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens accessions. Proteomics (2006) 0.86

MRI-guided percutaneous retrograde drilling of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. Skeletal Radiol (2011) 0.86

Synthesis and SAR studies of 2-oxoquinoline derivatives as CB2 receptor inverse agonists. J Med Chem (2006) 0.85

Measurement of hydration in the stratum corneum with the MoistureMeter and comparison with the Corneometer. Skin Res Technol (2004) 0.85

Production of monocytic cells from bone marrow stem cells: therapeutic usage in Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Mol Med (2012) 0.85

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 down-regulates osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and favours adipocyte formation in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol (2007) 0.85

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy mutations in the ND6 subunit of mitochondrial complex I affect ubiquinone reduction kinetics in a bacterial model of the enzyme. Biochem J (2008) 0.85

Metabolism of N-alkylated spermine analogues by polyamine and spermine oxidases. Amino Acids (2009) 0.85

Zoledronic acid induces formation of a pro-apoptotic ATP analogue and isopentenyl pyrophosphate in osteoclasts in vivo and in MCF-7 cells in vitro. Br J Pharmacol (2009) 0.85

Enzymatic detoxification of gluten by germinating wheat proteases: implications for new treatment of celiac disease. Ann Med (2009) 0.84

Tumor necrosis factor alpha promotes the expression of immunosuppressive proteins and enhances the cell growth in a human bone marrow-derived stem cell culture. Exp Cell Res (2010) 0.84

Opsonization, biodistribution, cellular uptake and apoptosis study of PEGylated PBCA nanoparticle as potential drug delivery carrier. Pharm Res (2011) 0.84

Functional diversity of endothelin pathways in human lung fibroblasts may be based on structural diversity of the endothelin receptors. Biochemistry (2003) 0.84

Metabolic stability of alpha-methylated polyamine derivatives and their use as substitutes for the natural polyamines. J Biol Chem (2004) 0.83

LHON/MELAS overlap mutation in ND1 subunit of mitochondrial complex I affects ubiquinone binding as revealed by modeling in Escherichia coli NDH-1. Biochim Biophys Acta (2011) 0.83