Published in Epidemiology on May 01, 2006
Negative controls: a tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studies. Epidemiology (2010) 5.12
Risk of death associated with the use of conventional versus atypical antipsychotic drugs among elderly patients. CMAJ (2007) 3.30
Confounding control in healthcare database research: challenges and potential approaches. Med Care (2010) 3.01
Smoking cessation treatment and risk of depression, suicide, and self harm in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink: prospective cohort study. BMJ (2013) 2.86
Treatment effects in the presence of unmeasured confounding: dealing with observations in the tails of the propensity score distribution--a simulation study. Am J Epidemiol (2010) 2.74
A most stubborn bias: no adjustment method fully resolves confounding by indication in observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol (2009) 2.33
Preference-based instrumental variable methods for the estimation of treatment effects: assessing validity and interpreting results. Int J Biostat (2007) 2.24
Instrumental variable methods in comparative safety and effectiveness research. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2010) 1.96
A basic study design for expedited safety signal evaluation based on electronic healthcare data. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2010) 1.95
Phosphate binder use and mortality among hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS): evaluation of possible confounding by nutritional status. Am J Kidney Dis (2012) 1.91
Instrumental variable methods for causal inference. Stat Med (2014) 1.90
Studying prescription drug use and outcomes with medicaid claims data: strengths, limitations, and strategies. Med Care (2007) 1.76
Healthy user and related biases in observational studies of preventive interventions: a primer for physicians. J Gen Intern Med (2011) 1.74
The implications of propensity score variable selection strategies in pharmacoepidemiology: an empirical illustration. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2011) 1.74
Instrumental variables I: instrumental variables exploit natural variation in nonexperimental data to estimate causal relationships. J Clin Epidemiol (2009) 1.73
Covariate selection in high-dimensional propensity score analyses of treatment effects in small samples. Am J Epidemiol (2011) 1.72
Physician preference motivates the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy independent of clinical disease activity. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) (2010) 1.68
Instrumental variables II: instrumental variable application-in 25 variations, the physician prescribing preference generally was strong and reduced covariate imbalance. J Clin Epidemiol (2009) 1.56
Adjustments for unmeasured confounders in pharmacoepidemiologic database studies using external information. Med Care (2007) 1.56
Does childhood schooling affect old age memory or mental status? Using state schooling laws as natural experiments. J Epidemiol Community Health (2008) 1.54
Nonexperimental comparative effectiveness research using linked healthcare databases. Epidemiology (2011) 1.50
Investigating the link between gun possession and gun assault. Am J Public Health (2009) 1.48
Developments in post-marketing comparative effectiveness research. Clin Pharmacol Ther (2007) 1.42
Understanding secondary databases: a commentary on "Sources of bias for health state characteristics in secondary databases". J Clin Epidemiol (2007) 1.37
Blood pressure levels and mortality risk among hemodialysis patients in the Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study. Kidney Int (2012) 1.15
Using medicare data for comparative effectiveness research: opportunities and challenges. Am J Manag Care (2011) 1.12
Identification of causal effects on binary outcomes using structural mean models. Biostatistics (2010) 1.10
Selecting on treatment: a pervasive form of bias in instrumental variable analyses. Am J Epidemiol (2015) 1.07
Rosiglitazone is associated with mortality in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol (2009) 1.05
Use of instrumental variable in prescription drug research with observational data: a systematic review. J Clin Epidemiol (2010) 1.03
Physicians' prescribing preferences were a potential instrument for patients' actual prescriptions of antidepressants. J Clin Epidemiol (2013) 1.02
Applying propensity scores estimated in a full cohort to adjust for confounding in subgroup analyses. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2011) 1.00
Reducing bias in the assessment of treatment effectiveness: androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. Med Care (2012) 0.98
Comparison of different approaches to confounding adjustment in a study on the association of antipsychotic medication with mortality in older nursing home patients. Am J Epidemiol (2011) 0.98
Serum uric acid and adiposity: deciphering causality using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization approach. PLoS One (2012) 0.94
Analytic Bounds on Causal Risk Differences in Directed Acyclic Graphs Involving Three Observed Binary Variables. J Stat Plan Inference (2009) 0.93
Instantaneous preference was a stronger instrumental variable than 3- and 6-month prescribing preference for NSAIDs. J Clin Epidemiol (2008) 0.92
When and how to use instrumental variables in palliative care research. J Palliat Med (2009) 0.92
Reference drug programs: effectiveness and policy implications. Health Policy (2006) 0.90
Survival implications associated with variation in mastectomy rates for early-staged breast cancer. Int J Surg Oncol (2012) 0.89
Safety and effectiveness of bivalirudin in routine care of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J (2009) 0.89
Observational research--opportunities and limitations. J Diabetes Complications (2013) 0.87
Toward a clearer portrayal of confounding bias in instrumental variable applications. Epidemiology (2015) 0.86
Effects of aggregation of drug and diagnostic codes on the performance of the high-dimensional propensity score algorithm: an empirical example. BMC Med Res Methodol (2013) 0.83
Propensity Score Calibration and its Alternatives. Am J Epidemiol (2007) 0.80
Reducing Bias Amplification in the Presence of Unmeasured Confounding Through Out-of-Sample Estimation Strategies for the Disease Risk Score. J Causal Inference (2014) 0.80
Evaluating possible confounding by prescriber in comparative effectiveness research. Epidemiology (2015) 0.80
The role of secondary cytoreductive surgery in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal cancers: a comparative effectiveness analysis. Oncologist (2012) 0.78
Are all biases missing data problems? Curr Epidemiol Rep (2015) 0.77
A General Framework for Considering Selection Bias in EHR-Based Studies: What Data Are Observed and Why? EGEMS (Wash DC) (2016) 0.76
The association between vitamin K antagonist therapy and site-specific cancer incidence estimated by using heart valve replacement as an instrumental variable. Am J Epidemiol (2011) 0.75
Potentially Inappropriate Medication and Health Care Outcomes: An Instrumental Variable Approach. Health Serv Res (2015) 0.75
External adjustment sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding: an application to coronary stent outcomes, Pennsylvania 2004-2008. Health Serv Res (2012) 0.75
Outcomes after helicopter versus ground emergency medical services for major trauma--propensity score and instrumental variable analyses: a retrospective nationwide cohort study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med (2016) 0.75
ISPOR Health Policy Council proposed Good Research Practices for comparative effectiveness research: benefit or harm? Value Health (2009) 0.75
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Adjusting for unmeasured confounders in pharmacoepidemiologic claims data using external information: the example of COX2 inhibitors and myocardial infarction. Epidemiology (2005) 2.38
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Case-control study, meta-analysis, and bouillabaisse: putting the calcium antagonist scare into context. Ann Intern Med (1995) 2.18
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A Medicare database review found that physician preferences increasingly outweighed patient characteristics as determinants of first-time prescriptions for COX-2 inhibitors. J Clin Epidemiol (2005) 1.83
Was breast conserving surgery underutilized for early stage breast cancer? Instrumental variables evidence for stage II patients from Iowa. Health Serv Res (2003) 1.72
Approaches to combat with confounding by indication in observational studies of intended drug effects. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2003) 1.66
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Determinants of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor prescribing: are patient or physician characteristics more important? Am J Med (2003) 1.53
Modeling treatment effects on binary outcomes with grouped-treatment variables and individual covariates. Am J Epidemiol (2002) 1.48
Combining ecological and individual variables to reduce confounding by indication: case study--subarachnoid hemorrhage treatment. J Clin Epidemiol (2000) 1.42
Agreement between drug treatment data and a discharge diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol (1999) 1.32
Appropriateness of NSAID and Coxib prescribing for patients with osteoarthritis by primary care physicians in Ontario: results from the CANOAR study. Am J Manag Care (2004) 1.03
Positive predictive value of ICD-9th codes for upper gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation in the Sistema Informativo Sanitario Regionale database. J Clin Epidemiol (1999) 1.01
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Confounding by indication: the case of calcium channel blockers. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2000) 0.90
The effects of physician specialty and patient comorbidities on the use and discontinuation of coxibs. Arthritis Rheum (2003) 0.85
Risk assessment of drugs, biologics and therapeutic devices: present and future issues. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2003) 0.81
The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). JAMA (2003) 34.83
Prevalence, severity, and unmet need for treatment of mental disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. JAMA (2004) 22.38
Incidence and economic burden of osteoporosis-related fractures in the United States, 2005-2025. J Bone Miner Res (2007) 14.84
Variable selection for propensity score models. Am J Epidemiol (2006) 10.68
Risk of death in elderly users of conventional vs. atypical antipsychotic medications. N Engl J Med (2005) 8.44
A review of the application of propensity score methods yielded increasing use, advantages in specific settings, but not substantially different estimates compared with conventional multivariable methods. J Clin Epidemiol (2005) 7.31
Accuracy of Medicare claims-based diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction: estimating positive predictive value on the basis of review of hospital records. Am Heart J (2004) 6.57
Surgery versus physical therapy for a meniscal tear and osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med (2013) 6.08
Trends in suicide ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts in the United States, 1990-1992 to 2001-2003. JAMA (2005) 5.70
Nonadherence to adjuvant tamoxifen therapy in women with primary breast cancer. J Clin Oncol (2003) 4.95
Indications for propensity scores and review of their use in pharmacoepidemiology. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol (2006) 4.70
Self-management education programs in chronic disease: a systematic review and methodological critique of the literature. Arch Intern Med (2004) 4.68
Full coverage for preventive medications after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med (2011) 4.51
The comparative safety of analgesics in older adults with arthritis. Arch Intern Med (2010) 4.47
Suicide risk during antidepressant treatment. Am J Psychiatry (2006) 4.41
Adherence to therapy with oral antineoplastic agents. J Natl Cancer Inst (2002) 4.16
A combined comorbidity score predicted mortality in elderly patients better than existing scores. J Clin Epidemiol (2011) 3.98
Anticonvulsant medications and the risk of suicide, attempted suicide, or violent death. JAMA (2010) 3.85
Cost-effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty in the United States: patient risk and hospital volume. Arch Intern Med (2009) 3.84
Adherence to lipid-lowering therapy and the use of preventive health services: an investigation of the healthy user effect. Am J Epidemiol (2007) 3.82
The epidemiology of prescriptions abandoned at the pharmacy. Ann Intern Med (2010) 3.78
Initiation of tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists and the risk of hospitalization for infection in patients with autoimmune diseases. JAMA (2011) 3.58
The global burden of mental disorders: an update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc (2009) 3.55
Prevalence and effects of mood disorders on work performance in a nationally representative sample of U.S. workers. Am J Psychiatry (2006) 3.47
Individual and societal effects of mental disorders on earnings in the United States: results from the national comorbidity survey replication. Am J Psychiatry (2008) 3.45
Analytic strategies to adjust confounding using exposure propensity scores and disease risk scores: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and short-term mortality in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol (2005) 3.33
Risk of death associated with the use of conventional versus atypical antipsychotic drugs among elderly patients. CMAJ (2007) 3.30
The implications of therapeutic complexity on adherence to cardiovascular medications. Arch Intern Med (2011) 3.27
Cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients using clopidogrel with proton pump inhibitors after percutaneous coronary intervention or acute coronary syndrome. Circulation (2009) 3.09
Incentives for drug development--the curious case of colchicine. N Engl J Med (2010) 3.06
Tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonist use and cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum (2006) 3.04
Association between disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and diabetes risk in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. JAMA (2011) 3.02
Confounding control in healthcare database research: challenges and potential approaches. Med Care (2010) 3.01
Relationship between selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and acute myocardial infarction in older adults. Circulation (2004) 2.98
Development of classification and response criteria for rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum (2006) 2.88
A comparison of patient characteristics and outcomes in selected European and U.S. rheumatoid arthritis registries. Semin Arthritis Rheum (2010) 2.88
Selective prescribing led to overestimation of the benefits of lipid-lowering drugs. J Clin Epidemiol (2006) 2.81
The comparative safety of opioids for nonmalignant pain in older adults. Arch Intern Med (2010) 2.71
Comparative mortality risk of anemia management practices in incident hemodialysis patients. JAMA (2010) 2.71
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Mini-Sentinel program: status and direction. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2012) 2.70
Identification of individuals with CKD from Medicare claims data: a validation study. Am J Kidney Dis (2005) 2.65
Improved comorbidity adjustment for predicting mortality in Medicare populations. Health Serv Res (2003) 2.65
Prevalence, comorbidity, and service utilization for mood disorders in the United States at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Annu Rev Clin Psychol (2007) 2.61
Performance of propensity score calibration--a simulation study. Am J Epidemiol (2007) 2.56
Adjusting effect estimates for unmeasured confounding with validation data using propensity score calibration. Am J Epidemiol (2005) 2.55
Repeated hospitalizations predict mortality in the community population with heart failure. Am Heart J (2007) 2.55
Medicaid prior-authorization programs and the use of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. N Engl J Med (2004) 2.52
Veteran's affairs hospital discharge databases coded serious bacterial infections accurately. J Clin Epidemiol (2006) 2.51
Evaluating uses of data mining techniques in propensity score estimation: a simulation study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2008) 2.42
Biologic discontinuation studies: a systematic review of methods. Ann Rheum Dis (2013) 2.42
Classification criteria in rheumatic diseases: a review of methodologic properties. Arthritis Rheum (2007) 2.41
Relative effectiveness of osteoporosis drugs for preventing nonvertebral fracture. Ann Intern Med (2008) 2.40
Tumour necrosis factor antagonist use and associated risk reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis (2010) 2.39
Adjusting for unmeasured confounders in pharmacoepidemiologic claims data using external information: the example of COX2 inhibitors and myocardial infarction. Epidemiology (2005) 2.38
Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy and the risk of serious bacterial infections in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum (2007) 2.37
Impact of obesity and knee osteoarthritis on morbidity and mortality in older Americans. Ann Intern Med (2011) 2.35
Racial differences in screening for prostate cancer in the elderly. Arch Intern Med (2004) 2.34
The descriptive epidemiology of commonly occurring mental disorders in the United States. Annu Rev Public Health (2008) 2.32
Arthritis self-management education programs: a meta-analysis of the effect on pain and disability. Arthritis Rheum (2003) 2.30
Validation of rheumatoid arthritis diagnoses in health care utilization data. Arthritis Res Ther (2011) 2.24
Preference-based instrumental variable methods for the estimation of treatment effects: assessing validity and interpreting results. Int J Biostat (2007) 2.24
Systematic review and meta-analysis of methotrexate use and risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol (2011) 2.20
Treatment of older adult patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis: improved but not optimal. Arthritis Rheum (2007) 2.18
Receipt of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Medicare managed care plans. JAMA (2011) 2.17
Rates of malignancy associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its treatment. Arthritis Rheum (2012) 2.15
Initiation of anti-TNF therapy and the risk of optic neuritis: from the safety assessment of biologic ThERapy (SABER) Study. Am J Ophthalmol (2012) 2.14
Patterns of medication initiation in newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus: quality and cost implications. Am J Med (2012) 2.13
Assessing health state utilities in elderly patients at cardiovascular risk. Med Decis Making (2006) 2.12
Trouble getting started: predictors of primary medication nonadherence. Am J Med (2011) 2.09
Association between the Part D coverage gap and adverse health outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc (2012) 1.99
GRACE principles: recognizing high-quality observational studies of comparative effectiveness. Am J Manag Care (2010) 1.98
Instrumental variable methods in comparative safety and effectiveness research. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2010) 1.96
Immunosuppressive medications and hospitalization for cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum (2006) 1.95
European healthcare policies for controlling drug expenditure. Pharmacoeconomics (2003) 1.95
Cardiovascular outcomes in new users of coxibs and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs: high-risk subgroups and time course of risk. Arthritis Rheum (2006) 1.94
Measuring concurrent adherence to multiple related medications. Am J Manag Care (2009) 1.88
Potential causes of higher mortality in elderly users of conventional and atypical antipsychotic medications. J Am Geriatr Soc (2008) 1.84
A Medicare database review found that physician preferences increasingly outweighed patient characteristics as determinants of first-time prescriptions for COX-2 inhibitors. J Clin Epidemiol (2005) 1.83
One-to-many propensity score matching in cohort studies. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2012) 1.82
Trends in drug prescribing for osteoporosis after hip fracture, 1995-2004. J Rheumatol (2007) 1.80
Epidemiology and sociodemographics of systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis among US adults with Medicaid coverage, 2000-2004. Arthritis Rheum (2013) 1.80
Consistency of performance ranking of comorbidity adjustment scores in Canadian and U.S. utilization data. J Gen Intern Med (2004) 1.79
Effects of noncardiovascular comorbidities on antihypertensive use in elderly hypertensives. Hypertension (2005) 1.77
Effects of adjusting for instrumental variables on bias and precision of effect estimates. Am J Epidemiol (2011) 1.77
Prescription opioid use among older adults with arthritis or low back pain. Arthritis Rheum (2006) 1.77
The prevalence of psychological distress in employees and associated occupational risk factors. J Occup Environ Med (2008) 1.76
Measuring quality in arthritis care: methods for developing the Arthritis Foundation's quality indicator set. Arthritis Rheum (2004) 1.76
Opioid analgesics and the risk of fractures in older adults with arthritis. J Am Geriatr Soc (2011) 1.76