Immunological mechanisms underlying protection mediated by RTS,S: a review of the available data.

PubWeight™: 1.72‹?› | Rank: Top 3%

🔗 View Article (PMC 2806383)

Published in Malar J on December 30, 2009

Authors

Vasee S Moorthy1, W Ripley Ballou

Author Affiliations

1: Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. moorthyv@who.int

Associated clinical trials:

RTS,S/AS01E Hypo-immuno-responsiveness Study | NCT04661579

Articles citing this

Vaccine adjuvants: putting innate immunity to work. Immunity (2010) 5.02

Efficacy of RTS,S malaria vaccines: individual-participant pooled analysis of phase 2 data. Lancet Infect Dis (2013) 2.00

Immunogenicity of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine and implications for duration of vaccine efficacy: secondary analysis of data from a phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis (2015) 1.97

Protective CD8+ T-cell immunity to human malaria induced by chimpanzee adenovirus-MVA immunisation. Nat Commun (2013) 1.95

Ensemble modeling of the likely public health impact of a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine. PLoS Med (2012) 1.83

Vaccines against malaria. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (2011) 1.70

CD8+ T effector memory cells protect against liver-stage malaria. J Immunol (2011) 1.55

DNA prime/Adenovirus boost malaria vaccine encoding P. falciparum CSP and AMA1 induces sterile protection associated with cell-mediated immunity. PLoS One (2013) 1.47

Circumsporozoite-specific T cell responses in children vaccinated with RTS,S/AS01E and protection against P falciparum clinical malaria. PLoS One (2011) 1.43

Malaria immunity in man and mosquito: insights into unsolved mysteries of a deadly infectious disease. Annu Rev Immunol (2014) 1.38

Adenovirus-5-vectored P. falciparum vaccine expressing CSP and AMA1. Part B: safety, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the CSP component. PLoS One (2011) 1.32

Effect of the pre-erythrocytic candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01E on blood stage immunity in young children. J Infect Dis (2011) 1.28

Dendritic cells and hepatocytes use distinct pathways to process protective antigen from plasmodium in vivo. PLoS Pathog (2011) 1.27

A mathematical model of the impact of present and future malaria vaccines. Malar J (2013) 1.23

Vaccine-induced monoclonal antibodies targeting circumsporozoite protein prevent Plasmodium falciparum infection. J Clin Invest (2014) 1.14

Antigen-specific IL-2 secretion correlates with NK cell responses after immunization of Tanzanian children with the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine. J Immunol (2012) 1.07

A combined analysis of immunogenicity, antibody kinetics and vaccine efficacy from phase 2 trials of the RTS,S malaria vaccine. BMC Med (2014) 1.07

Full-length Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein administered with long-chain poly(I·C) or the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant-stable emulsion elicits potent antibody and CD4+ T cell immunity and protection in mice. Infect Immun (2012) 1.01

RTS,S vaccination is associated with serologic evidence of decreased exposure to Plasmodium falciparum liver- and blood-stage parasites. Mol Cell Proteomics (2014) 0.99

Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys of a recombinant malaria vaccine for Plasmodium vivax with a synthetic Toll-like receptor 4 agonist formulated in an emulsion. Infect Immun (2011) 0.97

Inactivation of a Plasmodium apicoplast protein attenuates formation of liver merozoites. Mol Microbiol (2011) 0.97

Identification and localization of minimal MHC-restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes within the Plasmodium falciparum AMA1 protein. Malar J (2010) 0.96

Identification of minimal human MHC-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes within the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP). Malar J (2013) 0.95

Clinical trial in healthy malaria-naïve adults to evaluate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity and efficacy of MuStDO5, a five-gene, sporozoite/hepatic stage Plasmodium falciparum DNA vaccine combined with escalating dose human GM-CSF DNA. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2012) 0.95

Efficacy model for antibody-mediated pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccines. Proc Biol Sci (2010) 0.92

Human adenovirus 5-vectored Plasmodium falciparum NMRC-M3V-Ad-PfCA vaccine encoding CSP and AMA1 is safe, well-tolerated and immunogenic but does not protect against controlled human malaria infection. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2013) 0.90

Decision-making on malaria vaccine introduction: the role of cost-effectiveness analyses. Bull World Health Organ (2012) 0.90

CD8 T-cell-mediated protection against liver-stage malaria: lessons from a mouse model. Front Microbiol (2014) 0.89

Antibody and B cell responses to Plasmodium sporozoites. Front Microbiol (2014) 0.88

IgG2 antibodies against a clinical grade Plasmodium falciparum CSP vaccine antigen associate with protection against transgenic sporozoite challenge in mice. PLoS One (2014) 0.87

Analysis of a Multi-component Multi-stage Malaria Vaccine Candidate--Tackling the Cocktail Challenge. PLoS One (2015) 0.86

Preclinical vaccine study of Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein derived-synthetic polypeptides formulated in montanide ISA 720 and montanide ISA 51 adjuvants. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2011) 0.85

Uncertainty in mapping malaria epidemiology: implications for control. Epidemiol Rev (2010) 0.85

Impact of the RTS,S malaria vaccine candidate on naturally acquired antibody responses to multiple asexual blood stage antigens. PLoS One (2011) 0.85

Interferon-γ, a valuable surrogate marker of Plasmodium falciparum pre-erythrocytic stages protective immunity. Malar J (2011) 0.83

Discovery of Novel Plasmodium falciparum Pre-Erythrocytic Antigens for Vaccine Development. PLoS One (2015) 0.82

Recombinant and epitope-based vaccines on the road to the market and implications for vaccine design and production. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2016) 0.81

Protective efficacy of baculovirus dual expression system vaccine expressing Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein. PLoS One (2013) 0.81

Identification of New Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium falciparum Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors by Pharmacophore and Structure-Based Virtual Screening. J Chem Inf Model (2016) 0.80

Enhanced vaccine-induced CD8+ T cell responses to malaria antigen ME-TRAP by fusion to MHC class ii invariant chain. PLoS One (2014) 0.80

Antigen-driven focal inflammatory death of malaria liver stages. Front Microbiol (2015) 0.80

Recent advances in molecular medicine techniques for the diagnosis, prevention, and control of infectious diseases. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (2013) 0.79

An unstable Th epitope of P. falciparum fosters central memory T cells and anti-CS antibody responses. PLoS One (2014) 0.77

Rational development of a protective P. vivax vaccine evaluated with transgenic rodent parasite challenge models. Sci Rep (2017) 0.75

Mosquito bite immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites: safety, tolerability, protective efficacy and humoral immunogenicity. Malar J (2016) 0.75

Enhancing protective immunity to malaria with a highly immunogenic virus-like particle vaccine. Sci Rep (2017) 0.75

Pooled-Peptide Epitope Mapping Strategies Are Efficient and Highly Sensitive: An Evaluation of Methods for Identifying Human T Cell Epitope Specificities in Large-Scale HIV Vaccine Efficacy Trials. PLoS One (2016) 0.75

A monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay to measure the antibody response against the repeat region of the circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J (2016) 0.75

Co-expression of Interleukin-15 Enhances the Protective Immune Responses Induced by Immunization with a Murine Malaria MVA-Based Vaccine Encoding the Circumsporozoite Protein. PLoS One (2015) 0.75

Plasmodium berghei circumsporozoite protein encapsulated in oligomannose-coated liposomes confers protection against sporozoite infection in mice. Malar J (2014) 0.75

Force spectroscopy of the Plasmodium falciparum vaccine candidate circumsporozoite protein suggests a mechanically pliable repeat region. J Biol Chem (2016) 0.75

Malaria DNA vaccine gp96NTD-CSP elicits both CSP-specific antibody and CD8(+) T cell response. Parasitol Res (2015) 0.75

Development of a novel virus-like particle vaccine platform that mimics immature form of alphavirus. Clin Vaccine Immunol (2017) 0.75

A potent malaria vaccine based on adenovirus with dual modifications at Hexon and pVII. Vaccine (2017) 0.75

Articles cited by this

Common west African HLA antigens are associated with protection from severe malaria. Nature (1991) 9.43

Efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02A vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum infection and disease in young African children: randomised controlled trial. Lancet (2004) 9.24

A preliminary evaluation of a recombinant circumsporozoite protein vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. RTS,S Malaria Vaccine Evaluation Group. N Engl J Med (1997) 8.22

Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E vaccine against malaria in children 5 to 17 months of age. N Engl J Med (2008) 7.28

Randomized, double-blind, phase 2a trial of falciparum malaria vaccines RTS,S/AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A in malaria-naive adults: safety, efficacy, and immunologic associates of protection. J Infect Dis (2009) 6.90

Malaria: progress, perils, and prospects for eradication. J Clin Invest (2008) 6.54

Immunity to malaria: more questions than answers. Nat Immunol (2008) 5.71

Vaccines: correlates of vaccine-induced immunity. Clin Infect Dis (2008) 5.69

Efficacy of RTS,S/AS02 malaria vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum infection in semi-immune adult men in The Gambia: a randomised trial. Lancet (2001) 5.01

Safety of the RTS,S/AS02D candidate malaria vaccine in infants living in a highly endemic area of Mozambique: a double blind randomised controlled phase I/IIb trial. Lancet (2007) 4.83

Monovalent fragments (Fab) of monoclonal antibodies to a sporozoite surface antigen (Pb44) protect mice against malarial infection. J Exp Med (1980) 4.81

Duration of protection with RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in prevention of Plasmodium falciparum disease in Mozambican children: single-blind extended follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet (2005) 4.68

Quantitative imaging of Plasmodium transmission from mosquito to mammal. Nat Med (2006) 4.08

Cloned cytotoxic T cells recognize an epitope in the circumsporozoite protein and protect against malaria. Nature (1989) 4.08

Hybridoma produces protective antibodies directed against the sporozoite stage of malaria parasite. Science (1980) 3.71

Safety and immunogenicity in man of a synthetic peptide malaria vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Nature (1987) 3.51

Immune effector mechanisms in malaria. Parasite Immunol (2006) 3.43

Circumsporozoite proteins of human malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. J Exp Med (1982) 3.26

Safety and efficacy of a recombinant DNA Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite vaccine. Lancet (1987) 2.98

Assessment of the protective efficacy of vaccines against common diseases using case-control and cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol (1984) 2.96

A CD4(+) T-cell immune response to a conserved epitope in the circumsporozoite protein correlates with protection from natural Plasmodium falciparum infection and disease. Nat Med (2004) 2.93

The complexity of protective immunity against liver-stage malaria. J Immunol (2000) 2.92

New horizons in adjuvants for vaccine development. Trends Immunol (2008) 2.85

Intravital microscopy demonstrating antibody-mediated immobilisation of Plasmodium berghei sporozoites injected into skin by mosquitoes. Int J Parasitol (2004) 2.78

Protective immunity induced with malaria vaccine, RTS,S, is linked to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells producing IFN-gamma. J Immunol (2003) 2.71

Calculation of liver-to-blood inocula, parasite growth rates, and preerythrocytic vaccine efficacy, from serial quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies of volunteers challenged with malaria sporozoites. J Infect Dis (2005) 2.66

Efficacy of recombinant circumsporozoite protein vaccine regimens against experimental Plasmodium falciparum malaria. J Infect Dis (2001) 2.54

Long-term safety and efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in Mozambican children. J Infect Dis (2009) 2.36

Towards an RTS,S-based, multi-stage, multi-antigen vaccine against falciparum malaria: progress at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Vaccine (2005) 2.18

A DNA prime-modified vaccinia virus ankara boost vaccine encoding thrombospondin-related adhesion protein but not circumsporozoite protein partially protects healthy malaria-naive adults against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge. Infect Immun (2006) 2.15

Long-term efficacy and immune responses following immunization with the RTS,S malaria vaccine. J Infect Dis (1998) 2.00

Plasmodium circumsporozoite protein promotes the development of the liver stages of the parasite. Cell (2007) 1.90

Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a recombinantly produced Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-hepatitis B surface antigen subunit vaccine. J Infect Dis (1995) 1.83

Analysis of immunity to febrile malaria in children that distinguishes immunity from lack of exposure. Infect Immun (2009) 1.79

Potent induction of focused Th1-type cellular and humoral immune responses by RTS,S/SBAS2, a recombinant Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccine. J Infect Dis (1999) 1.76

Priming with an adenovirus 35-circumsporozoite protein (CS) vaccine followed by RTS,S/AS01B boosting significantly improves immunogenicity to Plasmodium falciparum CS compared to that with either malaria vaccine alone. Infect Immun (2007) 1.75

Measurement of malaria vaccine efficacy in phase III trials: report of a WHO consultation. Vaccine (2007) 1.74

Phase 2a trial of 0, 1, and 3 month and 0, 7, and 28 day immunization schedules of malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02 in malaria-naïve adults at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Vaccine (2008) 1.71

A randomised, double-blind, controlled vaccine efficacy trial of DNA/MVA ME-TRAP against malaria infection in Gambian adults. PLoS Med (2004) 1.70

Evaluation of RTS,S/AS02A and RTS,S/AS01B in adults in a high malaria transmission area. PLoS One (2009) 1.66

RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine does not induce parasite CSP T cell epitope selection and reduces multiplicity of infection. PLoS Clin Trials (2006) 1.65

Insights into long-lasting protection induced by RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine: further results from a phase IIb trial in Mozambican children. PLoS One (2009) 1.64

Protective CD8 T cells against Plasmodium liver stages: immunobiology of an 'unnatural' immune response. Immunol Rev (2008) 1.64

The development of the RTS,S malaria vaccine candidate: challenges and lessons. Parasite Immunol (2009) 1.63

Plasmodium sporozoite molecular cell biology. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol (2004) 1.60

Malaria sporozoites leave behind trails of circumsporozoite protein during gliding motility. J Protozool (1988) 1.58

A phase I/IIa safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy bridging randomized study of a two-dose regimen of liquid and lyophilized formulations of the candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A in malaria-naïve adults. Vaccine (2007) 1.55

CD4+ cytolytic T cell clone confers protection against murine malaria. J Exp Med (1990) 1.51

The protective antigen of malarial sporozoites (Plasmodium berghei) is a differentiation antigen. J Immunol (1981) 1.45

Plasmodium berghei sporozoite invasion is blocked in vitro by sporozoite-immobilizing antibodies. Infect Immun (1986) 1.37

Kinetics of mosquito-injected Plasmodium sporozoites in mice: fewer sporozoites are injected into sporozoite-immunized mice. PLoS Pathog (2009) 1.29

Evaluation of two formulations of adjuvanted RTS, S malaria vaccine in children aged 3 to 5 years living in a malaria-endemic region of Mozambique: a Phase I/IIb randomized double-blind bridging trial. Trials (2007) 1.29

Opsonization by antigen-specific antibodies as a mechanism of protective immunity induced by Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-based vaccine. Parasite Immunol (2003) 1.28

Development of RTS,S/AS02: a purified subunit-based malaria vaccine candidate formulated with a novel adjuvant. Expert Rev Vaccines (2003) 1.27

Malaria sporozoites release circumsporozoite protein from their apical end and translocate it along their surface. J Protozool (1992) 1.23

Neutralization of the infectivity of sporozoites of Plasmodium knowlesi by antibodies to a synthetic peptide. J Exp Med (1984) 1.15

Plasmodium falciparum-specific cellular immune responses after immunization with the RTS,S/AS02D candidate malaria vaccine in infants living in an area of high endemicity in Mozambique. Infect Immun (2009) 1.11

Five-year safety and immunogenicity of GlaxoSmithKline's candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02 following administration to semi-immune adult men living in a malaria-endemic region of The Gambia. Hum Vaccin (2009) 1.01

Sporozoite antigens: biology and immunology of the circumsporozoite protein and thrombospondin-related anonymous protein. Chem Immunol (2002) 0.98

Antisporozoite vaccine for malaria: experimental basis and current status. Rev Infect Dis (1989) 0.95

Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a malaria sporozoite vaccine administered with monophosphoryl lipid A, cell wall skeleton of mycobacteria, and squalane as adjuvant. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1994) 0.93

Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes against malaria and tuberculosis: from natural immunity to vaccine design. Clin Sci (Lond) (1998) 0.86

Two decades of commitment to malaria vaccine development: GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2007) 0.83

Phase I clinical trial of a recombinant malaria vaccine consisting of the circumsporozoite repeat region of Plasmodium falciparum coupled to hepatitis B surface antigen. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1991) 0.82

Articles by these authors

First results of phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African children. N Engl J Med (2011) 10.79

Efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02A vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum infection and disease in young African children: randomised controlled trial. Lancet (2004) 9.24

Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E vaccine against malaria in children 5 to 17 months of age. N Engl J Med (2008) 7.28

Randomized, double-blind, phase 2a trial of falciparum malaria vaccines RTS,S/AS01B and RTS,S/AS02A in malaria-naive adults: safety, efficacy, and immunologic associates of protection. J Infect Dis (2009) 6.90

A phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African infants. N Engl J Med (2012) 6.64

Protection of humans against malaria by immunization with radiation-attenuated Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. J Infect Dis (2002) 5.43

Safety of the RTS,S/AS02D candidate malaria vaccine in infants living in a highly endemic area of Mozambique: a double blind randomised controlled phase I/IIb trial. Lancet (2007) 4.83

Duration of protection with RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in prevention of Plasmodium falciparum disease in Mozambican children: single-blind extended follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet (2005) 4.68

Safety and immunogenicity of RTS,S/AS02D malaria vaccine in infants. N Engl J Med (2008) 4.35

A field trial to assess a blood-stage malaria vaccine. N Engl J Med (2011) 3.20

Blood stage malaria vaccine eliciting high antigen-specific antibody concentrations confers no protection to young children in Western Kenya. PLoS One (2009) 2.79

Efficacy of RTS,S/AS01E malaria vaccine and exploratory analysis on anti-circumsporozoite antibody titres and protection in children aged 5-17 months in Kenya and Tanzania: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis (2011) 2.79

Protective immunity induced with malaria vaccine, RTS,S, is linked to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells producing IFN-gamma. J Immunol (2003) 2.71

Phase 1/2a study of the malaria vaccine candidate apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) administered in adjuvant system AS01B or AS02A. PLoS One (2009) 2.49

Long-term safety and efficacy of the RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in Mozambican children. J Infect Dis (2009) 2.36

Towards an RTS,S-based, multi-stage, multi-antigen vaccine against falciparum malaria: progress at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Vaccine (2005) 2.18

Devices for rapid diagnosis of Malaria: evaluation of prototype assays that detect Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 and a Plasmodium vivax-specific antigen. J Clin Microbiol (2003) 2.08

Expression of genes associated with immunoproteasome processing of major histocompatibility complex peptides is indicative of protection with adjuvanted RTS,S malaria vaccine. J Infect Dis (2010) 1.81

Phase 2a trial of 0, 1, and 3 month and 0, 7, and 28 day immunization schedules of malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02 in malaria-naïve adults at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Vaccine (2008) 1.71

Phase I dose escalation safety and immunogenicity trial of Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane protein (AMA-1) FMP2.1, adjuvanted with AS02A, in malaria-naïve adults at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Vaccine (2007) 1.68

Evaluation of RTS,S/AS02A and RTS,S/AS01B in adults in a high malaria transmission area. PLoS One (2009) 1.66

Randomized controlled trial of RTS,S/AS02D and RTS,S/AS01E malaria candidate vaccines given according to different schedules in Ghanaian children. PLoS One (2009) 1.65

RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine does not induce parasite CSP T cell epitope selection and reduces multiplicity of infection. PLoS Clin Trials (2006) 1.65

Insights into long-lasting protection induced by RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine: further results from a phase IIb trial in Mozambican children. PLoS One (2009) 1.64

Development and pre-clinical analysis of a Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein-1(42) malaria vaccine. Mol Biochem Parasitol (2003) 1.60

Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant Plasmodium falciparum AMA1 malaria vaccine adjuvanted with Alhydrogel, Montanide ISA 720 or AS02. PLoS One (2008) 1.56

A phase I/IIa safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy bridging randomized study of a two-dose regimen of liquid and lyophilized formulations of the candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A in malaria-naïve adults. Vaccine (2007) 1.55

Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccines in development. Expert Rev Vaccines (2008) 1.54

The candidate tuberculosis vaccine Mtb72F/AS02A: Tolerability and immunogenicity in humans. Hum Vaccin (2009) 1.37

Safety and reactogenicity of an MSP-1 malaria vaccine candidate: a randomized phase Ib dose-escalation trial in Kenyan children. PLoS Clin Trials (2006) 1.36

Safety and reactogenicity profile of an adjuvanted H5N1 pandemic candidate vaccine in adults within a phase III safety trial. Vaccine (2008) 1.35

A randomized trial assessing the safety and immunogenicity of AS01 and AS02 adjuvanted RTS,S malaria vaccine candidates in children in Gabon. PLoS One (2009) 1.31

Evaluation of two formulations of adjuvanted RTS, S malaria vaccine in children aged 3 to 5 years living in a malaria-endemic region of Mozambique: a Phase I/IIb randomized double-blind bridging trial. Trials (2007) 1.29

Impact of RTS,S/AS02(A) and RTS,S/AS01(B) on genotypes of P. falciparum in adults participating in a malaria vaccine clinical trial. PLoS One (2009) 1.26

Pre-clinical evaluation of the malaria vaccine candidate P. falciparum MSP1(42) formulated with novel adjuvants or with alum. Vaccine (2004) 1.24

Recombinant Liver Stage Antigen-1 (LSA-1) formulated with AS01 or AS02 is safe, elicits high titer antibody and induces IFN-gamma/IL-2 CD4+ T cells but does not protect against experimental Plasmodium falciparum infection. Vaccine (2009) 1.23

Safety and immunogenicity of an AMA1 malaria vaccine in Malian children: results of a phase 1 randomized controlled trial. PLoS One (2010) 1.22

Design of a phase III multicenter trial to evaluate the efficacy of the RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in children across diverse transmission settings in Africa. Malar J (2011) 1.11

Plasmodium falciparum-specific cellular immune responses after immunization with the RTS,S/AS02D candidate malaria vaccine in infants living in an area of high endemicity in Mozambique. Infect Immun (2009) 1.11

Four year immunogenicity of the RTS,S/AS02(A) malaria vaccine in Mozambican children during a phase IIb trial. Vaccine (2011) 1.07

Safety of the RTS,S/AS02A malaria vaccine in Mozambican children during a Phase IIb trial. Vaccine (2007) 1.05

Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity trial of malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02A in adults in a hyperendemic region of western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2006) 1.05

Induction of T helper type 1 and 2 responses to 19-kilodalton merozoite surface protein 1 in vaccinated healthy volunteers and adults naturally exposed to malaria. Infect Immun (2002) 1.02

Five-year safety and immunogenicity of GlaxoSmithKline's candidate malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS02 following administration to semi-immune adult men living in a malaria-endemic region of The Gambia. Hum Vaccin (2009) 1.01

Safety, immunogenicity and duration of protection of the RTS,S/AS02(D) malaria vaccine: one year follow-up of a randomized controlled phase I/IIb trial. PLoS One (2010) 0.99

Results from tandem Phase 1 studies evaluating the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate antigen Plasmodium falciparum FVO merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP1(42)) administered intramuscularly with adjuvant system AS01. Malar J (2013) 0.97

Evaluation of the safety and immunogenicity of two antigen concentrations of the Mtb72F/AS02(A) candidate tuberculosis vaccine in purified protein derivative-negative adults. Clin Vaccine Immunol (2010) 0.96

Randomized, controlled trial of the long term safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of RTS,S/AS02(D) malaria vaccine in infants living in a malaria-endemic region. Malar J (2013) 0.94

Safety of the malaria vaccine candidate, RTS,S/AS01E in 5 to 17 month old Kenyan and Tanzanian Children. PLoS One (2010) 0.94

The candidate tuberculosis vaccine Mtb72F/AS02 in PPD positive adults: a randomized controlled phase I/II study. Tuberculosis (Edinb) (2012) 0.88

Extended safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a blood-stage malaria vaccine in malian children: 24-month follow-up of a randomized, double-blinded phase 2 trial. PLoS One (2013) 0.87

Evaluation of the immune response to RTS,S/AS01 and RTS,S/AS02 adjuvanted vaccines: randomized, double-blind study in malaria-naïve adults. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2014) 0.87

Safety and immunogenicity of rts,s+trap malaria vaccine, formulated in the as02a adjuvant system, in infant rhesus monkeys. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2004) 0.83

Heterologous prime-boost immunization in rhesus macaques by two, optimally spaced particle-mediated epidermal deliveries of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-encoding DNA, followed by intramuscular RTS,S/AS02A. Vaccine (2006) 0.80

Development of a recombinant FimCH vaccine for urinary tract infections. Adv Exp Med Biol (2003) 0.77

Malaria treatment with atovaquone-proguanil in malaria-immune adults: implications for malaria intervention trials and for pre-exposure prophylaxis of malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2008) 0.77

Acute Exacerbation and Respiratory InfectionS in COPD (AERIS): protocol for a prospective, observational cohort study. BMJ Open (2014) 0.75