Published in Nucleic Acids Res on June 11, 1985
The codon Adaptation Index--a measure of directional synonymous codon usage bias, and its potential applications. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 26.51
Codon usage in regulatory genes in Escherichia coli does not reflect selection for 'rare' codons. Nucleic Acids Res (1986) 5.68
Codon preferences in free-living microorganisms. Microbiol Rev (1990) 4.66
The Escherichia coli K-12 "wild types" W3110 and MG1655 have an rph frameshift mutation that leads to pyrimidine starvation due to low pyrE expression levels. J Bacteriol (1993) 4.10
Synonymous codon usage in Bacillus subtilis reflects both translational selection and mutational biases. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 3.23
Codon usage and gene expression. Nucleic Acids Res (1986) 3.19
Ribosome-mediated translational pause and protein domain organization. Protein Sci (1996) 2.20
Effects of consecutive AGG codons on translation in Escherichia coli, demonstrated with a versatile codon test system. J Bacteriol (1993) 2.05
Growth rate dependence of transfer RNA abundance in Escherichia coli. EMBO J (1990) 1.91
Expression of tetanus toxin fragment C in E. coli: high level expression by removing rare codons. Nucleic Acids Res (1989) 1.75
Sequences of the E. coli uvrB gene and protein. Nucleic Acids Res (1986) 1.73
Protein secondary structural types are differentially coded on messenger RNA. Protein Sci (1996) 1.47
How optimized is the translational machinery in Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae? Genetics (1998) 1.40
Translation rates of individual codons are not correlated with tRNA abundances or with frequencies of utilization in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol (1989) 1.35
The AGG codon is translated slowly in E. coli even at very low expression levels. Nucleic Acids Res (1988) 1.26
Association of RNA polymerase having increased Km for ATP and UTP with hyperexpression of the pyrB and pyrE genes of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol (1986) 1.26
Identification of the rph (RNase PH) gene of Bacillus subtilis: evidence for suppression of cold-sensitive mutations in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol (1992) 1.25
Codon preference optimization increases heterologous PEDF expression. PLoS One (2010) 1.10
Novel in-frame two codon translational hop during synthesis of bovine placental lactogen in a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res (1992) 1.09
Translation initiation controls the relative rates of expression of the bacteriophage lambda late genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 0.97
Escherichia coli orfE (upstream of pyrE) encodes RNase PH. J Bacteriol (1991) 0.95
Overproduction from a cellulase gene with a high guanosine-plus-cytosine content in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol (1986) 0.94
The effects of leader peptide sequence and length on attenuation control of the trp operon of E.coli. Nucleic Acids Res (1991) 0.79
Mapping codon usage of the translation initiation region in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus genome. Virol J (2011) 0.75
Emergent rules for codon choice elucidated by editing rare arginine codons in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2016) 0.75
DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1977) 790.54
Codon catalog usage is a genome strategy modulated for gene expressivity. Nucleic Acids Res (1981) 32.85
Codon usage in bacteria: correlation with gene expressivity. Nucleic Acids Res (1982) 12.99
Preferential codon usage in prokaryotic genes: the optimal codon-anticodon interaction energy and the selective codon usage in efficiently expressed genes. Gene (1982) 11.99
Correlation between the abundance of Escherichia coli transfer RNAs and the occurrence of the respective codons in its protein genes. J Mol Biol (1981) 11.87
Control of transcription termination. Annu Rev Biochem (1978) 9.24
Evidence for use of rare codons in the dnaG gene and other regulatory genes of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 5.79
Codon usage can affect efficiency of translation of genes in Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res (1984) 4.51
Escherichia coli ribosomes translate in vivo with variable rate. EMBO J (1984) 4.39
Use of unpurified synthetic deoxynucleotide primers for rapid dideoxynucleotide chain termination sequencing. DNA (1984) 2.96
Attenuation control of pyrBI operon expression in Escherichia coli K-12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 2.39
Structure of the Escherichia coli pyrE operon and control of pyrE expression by a UTP modulated intercistronic attentuation. EMBO J (1984) 1.97
Nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli pyrE gene and of the DNA in front of the protein-coding region. Eur J Biochem (1983) 1.77
Mechanism of UTP-modulated attenuation at the pyrE gene of Escherichia coli: an example of operon polarity control through the coupling of translation to transcription. EMBO J (1984) 1.76
Studies on the structure and expression of Escherichia coli pyrC, pyrD, and pyrF using the cloned genes. Eur J Biochem (1984) 1.37
The RNA chain elongation rate in Escherichia coli depends on the growth rate. J Bacteriol (1994) 2.35
A randomized study of two interferon-beta treatments in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology (2006) 2.24
Mcm10 and the MCM2-7 complex interact to initiate DNA synthesis and to release replication factors from origins. Genes Dev (2000) 2.04
Structure of the Escherichia coli pyrE operon and control of pyrE expression by a UTP modulated intercistronic attentuation. EMBO J (1984) 1.97
Thin-layer chromatographic methods to isolate 32P-labeled 5-phosphoribosyl-alpha-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP): determination of cellular PRPP pools and assay of PRPP synthetase activity. Anal Biochem (1979) 1.85
MASP-3 and its association with distinct complexes of the mannan-binding lectin complement activation pathway. Immunity (2001) 1.84
The mechanism of photodynamic inactivation of human cells in vitro in the presence of haematoporphyrin. Br J Cancer (1979) 1.82
The role of DNA structure in genetic regulation. CRC Crit Rev Biochem (1977) 1.81
A simulation study of the reliability of recombination detection methods. Mol Biol Evol (2001) 1.79
Nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli pyrE gene and of the DNA in front of the protein-coding region. Eur J Biochem (1983) 1.77
Mechanism of UTP-modulated attenuation at the pyrE gene of Escherichia coli: an example of operon polarity control through the coupling of translation to transcription. EMBO J (1984) 1.76
Evidence for two complementary patterns of thalamic input to the rat somatosensory cortex. Brain Res (1988) 1.68
Structural basis for the catalytic mechanism of a proficient enzyme: orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase. Biochemistry (2000) 1.67
The effect of iron chelation on haemopoiesis in MDS patients with transfusional iron overload. Br J Haematol (1996) 1.60
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Purification and some properties. Eur J Biochem (1975) 1.58
Fatigue and cardiorespiratory function following abdominal surgery. Br J Surg (1982) 1.57
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled MRI study of anti-herpes virus therapy in MS. Neurology (2002) 1.56
In vivo diagnosis of Hallervorden-Spatz disease. Dev Med Child Neurol (1995) 1.56
Functional cloning of BUD5, a CDC25-related gene from S. cerevisiae that can suppress a dominant-negative RAS2 mutant. Cell (1991) 1.56
Apparent involvement of purines in the control of expression of Salmonella typhimurium pyr genes: analysis of a leaky guaB mutant resistant to pyrimidine analogs. J Bacteriol (1979) 1.52
Cost-effectiveness of insulin degludec compared with insulin glargine for patients with type 2 diabetes treated with basal insulin - from the UK health care cost perspective. Diabetes Obes Metab (2014) 1.49
High concentrations of ppGpp decrease the RNA chain growth rate. Implications for protein synthesis and translational fidelity during amino acid starvation in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol (1994) 1.48
Autogenous control: ribosomal protein L10-L12 complex binds to the leader sequence of its mRNA. EMBO J (1982) 1.44
Effects of the antiterminator BoxA on transcription elongation kinetics and ppGpp inhibition of transcription elongation in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem (1995) 1.38
Studies on the structure and expression of Escherichia coli pyrC, pyrD, and pyrF using the cloned genes. Eur J Biochem (1984) 1.37
Decreasing transcription elongation rate in Escherichia coli exposed to amino acid starvation. Mol Microbiol (1992) 1.37
Role of hypoxanthine and guanine in regulation of Salmonella typhimurium pur gene expression. J Bacteriol (1983) 1.35
Translation rates of individual codons are not correlated with tRNA abundances or with frequencies of utilization in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol (1989) 1.35
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase enriched in cerebellar granule cells. Identification of a novel neuronal calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. J Biol Chem (1989) 1.35
Effect of UTP and GTP pools on attenuation at the pyrE gene of Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet (1987) 1.30
NusA is required for ribosomal antitermination and for modulation of the transcription elongation rate of both antiterminated RNA and mRNA. J Biol Chem (1997) 1.27
Interdependence and nodule specificity of cis-acting regulatory elements in the soybean leghemoglobin lbc3 and N23 gene promoters. Mol Gen Genet (1990) 1.27
The AGG codon is translated slowly in E. coli even at very low expression levels. Nucleic Acids Res (1988) 1.26
Association of RNA polymerase having increased Km for ATP and UTP with hyperexpression of the pyrB and pyrE genes of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol (1986) 1.26
Urokinase receptor. An activation antigen in human T lymphocytes. J Immunol (1994) 1.24
The crystal structure of Lactococcus lactis dihydroorotate dehydrogenase A complexed with the enzyme reaction product throws light on its enzymatic function. Protein Sci (1998) 1.24
Domain VI of Escherichia coli 23 S ribosomal RNA. Structure, assembly and function. J Mol Biol (1988) 1.24
The crystal structure of the flavin containing enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase A from Lactococcus lactis. Structure (1997) 1.22
Focal cerebral ischemia induces increased myelin basic protein and growth-associated protein-43 gene transcription in peri-infarct areas in the rat brain. Exp Brain Res (2001) 1.22
Nucleotide sequence of the pyrD gene of Escherichia coli and characterization of the flavoprotein dihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Eur J Biochem (1985) 1.20
Chronic administration of aluminum-fluoride or sodium-fluoride to rats in drinking water: alterations in neuronal and cerebrovascular integrity. Brain Res (1998) 1.20
Active site of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase A from Lactococcus lactis investigated by chemical modification and mutagenesis. Biochemistry (1997) 1.19
The Arabidopsis FILAMENTOUS FLOWER gene is required for flower formation. Development (1999) 1.18
A flexible loop at the dimer interface is a part of the active site of the adjacent monomer of Escherichia coli orotate phosphoribosyltransferase. Biochemistry (1996) 1.18
Role of translation in the UTP-modulated attenuation at the pyrBI operon of Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet (1985) 1.17
The B form of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase from Lactococcus lactis consists of two different subunits, encoded by the pyrDb and pyrK genes, and contains FMN, FAD, and [FeS] redox centers. J Biol Chem (1996) 1.16
A new transcriptional activator for amylase genes in Aspergillus. Mol Gen Genet (1999) 1.16
DNA single-strand breaks and sister chromatid exchanges induced by treatment with hematoporphyrin and light or by x-rays in human NHIK 3025 cells. Cancer Res (1980) 1.15
RNA secondary structure and translation inhibition: analysis of mutants in the rplJ leader. EMBO J (1984) 1.14
Integrated treatment ameliorates negative symptoms in first episode psychosis--results from the Danish OPUS trial. Schizophr Res (2005) 1.14
Methods to identify and characterize developmental neurotoxicity for human health risk assessment. II: neuropathology. Environ Health Perspect (2001) 1.13
Photodynamic effects of haematoporphyrin derivative on synchronized and asynchronous cells of different origin. Br J Cancer (1981) 1.11
Thymine utilization in Escherichia coli K12 on the role of deoxyribose 1-phosphate and thymidine phosphorylase. Eur J Biochem (1973) 1.11
Neurotoxicity resulting from coexposure to pyridostigmine bromide, deet, and permethrin: implications of Gulf War chemical exposures. J Toxicol Environ Health (1996) 1.10
Two purine nucleoside phosphorylases in Bacillus subtilis. Purification and some properties of the adenosine-specific phosphorylase. Biochim Biophys Acta (1978) 1.08
An unusual correlation between ppGpp pool size and rate of ribosome synthesis during partial pyrimidine starvation of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol (1991) 1.08
Inhibitory effects of the new mitotic inhibitor 5-chloropyrimidin-2-one and of vincristine on human cells in vitro. Cancer Res (1978) 1.05
Porphyrin-sensitized photoinactivation of human cells in vitro. Am J Pathol (1982) 1.05
Photodynamic effect of haematoporphyrin throughout the cell cycle of the human cell line NHIK 3025 cultivated in vitro. Br J Cancer (1979) 1.05
Photochemical reactions and on-line UV detection in microfabricated reactors. Lab Chip (2001) 1.03
Structure of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase B: electron transfer between two flavin groups bridged by an iron-sulphur cluster. Structure (2000) 1.02
Microglial and macrophage reactions mark progressive changes and define the penumbra in the rat neocortex and striatum after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. J Comp Neurol (1997) 1.01
WebDASC: a web-based dietary assessment software for 8-11-year-old Danish children. J Hum Nutr Diet (2012) 1.01
Fifty-Hertz magnetic field exposures of premature infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. Biol Neonate (1996) 1.01
Effects of guanosine 3',5'-bisdiphosphate (ppGpp) on rate of transcription elongation in isoleucine-starved Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem (1994) 1.01
Subcortical projections from ectopic neocortical neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1984) 1.00
Studies on the mechanism of acetamide hepatocarcinogenicity. Pharmacol Toxicol (1987) 1.00
The main photosensitizing components of hematoporphyrin derivative. Cancer Lett (1982) 1.00
Molecular and mutational analysis of three genes preceding pyrE on the Escherichia coli chromosome. Mol Microbiol (1989) 0.99
Influence of pre- and intra- operative factors on the occurrence of postoperative fatigue. Br J Surg (1985) 0.99
Thermodynamics of metal ion binding. 1. Metal ion binding by wild-type carbonic anhydrase. Biochemistry (2001) 0.98
Detection of proopiomelanocortin mRNA by in situ hybridization, using a biotinylated oligodeoxynucleotide probe and avidin-alkaline phosphatase histochemistry. Histochemistry (1988) 0.98
Isolation and characterization of an undifferentiated human colon carcinoma cell line (MIP-101). Cancer Invest (1987) 0.98
Tumor-localizing and photosensitizing properties of the main components of hematoporphyrin derivative. Cancer Res (1984) 0.96
Insulin degludec improves health-related quality of life (SF-36® ) compared with insulin glargine in people with Type 2 diabetes starting on basal insulin: a meta-analysis of phase 3a trials. Diabet Med (2013) 0.96
Insight into the chemistry of flavin reduction and oxidation in Escherichia coli dihydroorotate dehydrogenase obtained by rapid reaction studies. Biochemistry (2001) 0.96
Effects of haematoporphyrin derivative and light in combination with hyperthermia on cells in culture. Br J Cancer (1984) 0.96
The prevalence and significance of incidental paranasal sinus abnormalities on MRI. Rhinology (2000) 0.95
Multiplication of human NHIK 3025 cells exposed to porphyrins in combination with light. Br J Cancer (1981) 0.95
A nine country study of the burden of non-severe nocturnal hypoglycaemic events on diabetes management and daily function. Diabetes Obes Metab (2013) 0.95
Uptake of hematoporphyrin derivative and sensitized photoinactivation of C3H cells with different oncogenic potential. Cancer Lett (1981) 0.94
Postoperative fatigue and changes in nutritional status. Br J Surg (1984) 0.94
Photodynamic inactivation of synchronized human cells in vitro in the presence of hematoporphyrin. Cancer Res (1979) 0.94
Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase from Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Initial velocity kinetics, ligand banding, and reaction mechanism. Eur J Biochem (1976) 0.93
The predominant cholecystokinin in human plasma and intestine is cholecystokinin-33. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (2001) 0.93
Purification and characterization of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase A from Lactococcus lactis, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of the enzyme. Protein Sci (1996) 0.93
Photodynamic effects on human cells exposed to light in the presence of hematoporphyrin. pH effects. Cancer Lett (1980) 0.93
Expression of connexin 37, 40, and 43 mRNA and protein in renal preglomerular arterioles. Histochem Cell Biol (2001) 0.93
Time-temperature superposition in viscous liquids. Phys Rev Lett (2001) 0.93
The significance of Epstein-Barr virus seropositivity in multiple sclerosis patients? Acta Neurol Scand (1998) 0.92
Retention and photodynamic effects of haematoporphyrin derivative in cells after prolonged cultivation in the presence of porphyrin. Br J Cancer (1983) 0.92
Ischemic damage in hippocampal CA1 is dependent on glutamate release and intact innervation from CA3. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab (1989) 0.92
Quantitative aspects of drug and toxicant-induced astrogliosis. Neurochem Int (1995) 0.92