Published in Lancet on December 03, 1977
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A monohydroxylated metabolite of tamoxifen with potent antioestrogenic activity. J Endocrinol (1977) 3.03
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Metabolites, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen in rats and mice compared to the breast cancer patient. Drug Metab Dispos (1991) 2.04
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Models of estrogen receptor regulation by estrogens and antiestrogens in breast cancer cell lines. Cancer Res (1996) 1.79
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Antitumor action of physiological estradiol on tamoxifen-stimulated breast tumors grown in athymic mice. Clin Cancer Res (2000) 1.73
Antiestrogenic and antitumor properties of tamoxifen in laboratory animals. Cancer Treat Rep (1976) 1.63
Effects of tamoxifen on cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women. Ann Intern Med (1991) 1.55
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Antitumor actions of keoxifene and tamoxifen in the N-nitrosomethylurea-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Cancer Res (1987) 1.52
Effect of tamoxifen (ICI 46,474) on initiation and growth of DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinomata. Eur J Cancer (1976) 1.50
Metabolites of tamoxifen in animals and man: identification, pharmacology, and significance. Breast Cancer Res Treat (1982) 1.48
Contrasting actions of tamoxifen on endometrial and breast tumor growth in the athymic mouse. Cancer Res (1988) 1.44
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An estrogen receptor positive MCF-7 clone that is resistant to antiestrogens and estradiol. Mol Cell Endocrinol (1992) 1.39
Adaptation of estrogen-dependent MCF-7 cells to low estrogen (phenol red-free) culture. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol (1987) 1.38
Pharmacology of tamoxifen in laboratory animals. Cancer Treat Rep (1981) 1.37
A risk-benefit assessment of tamoxifen therapy. Drug Saf (1993) 1.34
Estrogen-induced apoptosis in a breast cancer model resistant to long-term estrogen withdrawal. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol (2005) 1.31
Bone mineral density in women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant tamoxifen for at least two years. Breast Cancer Res Treat (1988) 1.29
Tamoxifen as an anti-tumour agent: effect on oestrogen binding. J Endocrinol (1976) 1.27
Evaluation of the antitumour activity of the non-steroidal antioestrogen monohydroxytamoxifen in the DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinoma model. Eur J Cancer (1980) 1.27
An estrogen-independent MCF-7 breast cancer cell line which contains a novel 80-kilodalton estrogen receptor-related protein. Cancer Res (1995) 1.23
High-dose ketoconazole in advanced hormone-refractory prostate cancer: endocrinologic and clinical effects. J Clin Oncol (1989) 1.21
Estradiol-stimulated growth of MCF-7 tumors implanted in athymic mice: a model to study the tumoristatic action of tamoxifen. J Steroid Biochem (1988) 1.19
Endocrine status of premenopausal node-positive breast cancer patients following adjuvant chemotherapy and long-term tamoxifen. Cancer Res (1988) 1.19
Studies on the mechanism of action of the nonsteroidal antioestrogen tamoxifen (I.C.I. 46,474) in the rat. Mol Cell Endocrinol (1977) 1.18
Inhibition of tamoxifen-stimulated growth of an MCF-7 tumor variant in athymic mice by novel steroidal antiestrogens. Cancer Res (1989) 1.17
Increasing the number of tandem estrogen response elements increases the estrogenic activity of a tamoxifen analogue. Cancer Lett (1995) 1.16
Evidence for the metabolic activation of non-steroidal antioestrogens: a study of structure-activity relationships. Br J Pharmacol (1980) 1.16
Structure-activity relationships of estrogens. Environ Health Perspect (1985) 1.15
Stimulation of breast cancer cells in vitro by the environmental estrogen enterolactone and the phytoestrogen equol. Breast Cancer Res Treat (1987) 1.13
Tamoxifen as an anti-tumour agent: oestrogen binding as a predictive test for tumour response. J Endocrinol (1976) 1.12
Irreversible loss of the oestrogen receptor in T47D breast cancer cells following prolonged oestrogen deprivation. Br J Cancer (1996) 1.12
Tamoxifen (ICI 46,474) and the human carcinoma 8S oestrogen receptor. Eur J Cancer (1975) 1.06
Reliability of steroid hormone receptor assays: an international study. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol (1983) 1.06
Structure-function relationships of hydroxylated metabolites of tamoxifen that control the proliferation of estrogen-responsive T47D breast cancer cells in vitro. Mol Pharmacol (1990) 1.05
High-dose oral tamoxifen, a potential multidrug-resistance-reversal agent: phase I trial in combination with vinblastine. J Natl Cancer Inst (1992) 1.04
Binding of [3H]tamoxifen in rat uterine cytosols: a comparison of swinging bucket and vertical tube rotor sucrose density gradient analysis. Mol Cell Endocrinol (1977) 1.03
Stable transfection of protein kinase C alpha cDNA in hormone-dependent breast cancer cell lines. Br J Cancer (2000) 1.03
Species-specific pharmacology of antiestrogens: role of metabolism. Fed Proc (1987) 1.02
Novel antitumor effect of estradiol in athymic mice injected with a T47D breast cancer cell line overexpressing protein kinase Calpha. Clin Cancer Res (2001) 1.02
Endocrine effects of adjuvant chemotherapy and long-term tamoxifen administration on node-positive patients with breast cancer. Cancer Res (1987) 1.02
Characterization of a receptor-negative, hormone-nonresponsive clone derived from a T47D human breast cancer cell line kept under estrogen-free conditions. Cancer Res (1990) 1.01
Tamoxifen regulates cell fate through mitochondrial estrogen receptor beta in breast cancer. Oncogene (2012) 1.01
A realistic clinical perspective of tamoxifen and endometrial carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer (1996) 1.00
Molecular mechanism of action of bisphenol and bisphenol A mediated by oestrogen receptor alpha in growth and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Br J Pharmacol (2013) 0.99
Tamoxifen metabolites in patients on long-term adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. Eur J Cancer (1990) 0.99
The estrogen receptor from a tamoxifen stimulated MCF-7 tumor variant contains a point mutation in the ligand binding domain. Breast Cancer Res Treat (1994) 0.98
Transfection of human estrogen receptor (ER) cDNA into ER-negative mammalian cell lines. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol (1994) 0.98
The antitumour activity of tamoxifen and monohydroxytamoxifen: a comparative study in the rat [proceedings]. Br J Pharmacol (1978) 0.97
Characterization of tamoxifen stimulated MCF-7 tumor variants grown in athymic mice. Breast Cancer Res Treat (1994) 0.96
Long-term adjuvant therapy with tamoxifen: effects on sex hormone binding globulin and antithrombin III. Cancer Res (1987) 0.96
Estrogenic activity of phenol red. Mol Cell Endocrinol (1988) 0.96
Estrogenic activity is increased for an antiestrogen by a natural mutation of the estrogen receptor. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol (1997) 0.96
Rapid development of tamoxifen-stimulated mutant p53 breast tumors (T47D) in athymic mice. Clin Cancer Res (2000) 0.95
Antiestrogenic action of raloxifene and tamoxifen: today and tomorrow. J Natl Cancer Inst (1998) 0.95
Structural requirements for the pharmacological activity of nonsteroidal antiestrogens in vitro. Mol Pharmacol (1984) 0.95
Inhibition of the uterotropic activity of estrogens and antiestrogens by the short acting antiestrogen LY117018. Endocrinology (1983) 0.95
Determination and pharmacology of a new hydroxylated metabolite of tamoxifen observed in patient sera during therapy for advanced breast cancer. Cancer Res (1983) 0.94
A novel 80 kDa human estrogen receptor containing a duplication of exons 6 and 7. Nucleic Acids Res (1996) 0.94
Effects of low dose tamoxifen on normal breast tissue from premenopausal women. Eur J Cancer (2003) 0.94
Differential ability of antiestrogens to stimulate breast cancer cell (MCF-7) growth in vivo and in vitro. Cancer Res (1989) 0.94
The key to the antiestrogenic mechanism of raloxifene is amino acid 351 (aspartate) in the estrogen receptor. Cancer Res (1998) 0.93
Differences between estrogen- and antiestrogen-estrogen receptor complexes from human breast tumors identified with an antibody raised against the estrogen receptor. Cancer Res (1984) 0.93
How safe is tamoxifen? BMJ (1993) 0.93
Investigation of the mechanism of tamoxifen-stimulated breast tumor growth with nonisomerizable analogues of tamoxifen and metabolites. J Natl Cancer Inst (1993) 0.93
Protein kinase C alpha expression is inversely related to ER status in endometrial carcinoma: possible role in AP-1-mediated proliferation of ER-negative endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol (2001) 0.92
Implications of tamoxifen metabolism in the athymic mouse for the study of antitumor effects upon human breast cancer xenografts. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol (1989) 0.91
The oestrogen-like effect of 4-hydroxytamoxifen on induction of transforming growth factor alpha mRNA in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells stably expressing the oestrogen receptor. Br J Cancer (1998) 0.91
Decrease in estradiol-stimulated progesterone receptor production in MCF-7 cells by epidermal growth factor and possible clinical implication for paracrine-regulated breast cancer growth. Cancer Res (1989) 0.90
Allosteric silencing of activating function 1 in the 4-hydroxytamoxifen estrogen receptor complex is induced by substituting glycine for aspartate at amino acid 351. Cancer Res (2000) 0.90
A phase I study of high-dose tamoxifen for the treatment of refractory malignant gliomas of childhood. Clin Cancer Res (1997) 0.90
Estrogenic effects of phenolphthalein on human breast cancer cells in vitro. Breast Cancer Res Treat (1987) 0.90
Gynecologic effects of tamoxifen and the association with endometrial carcinoma. Int J Gynaecol Obstet (1995) 0.89
Regulation of estrogen target genes and growth by selective estrogen-receptor modulators in endometrial cancer cells. Gynecol Oncol (2002) 0.89
Estrogen-stimulated prolactin synthesis in vitro. Classification of agonist, partial agonist, and antagonist actions based on structure. Mol Pharmacol (1984) 0.89
Targeting oestrogen to kill the cancer but not the patient. Br J Cancer (2004) 0.89
Enhanced growth of an estrogen receptor-negative endometrial adenocarcinoma by estradiol in athymic mice. Cancer Res (1989) 0.89
Antiestrogenic action of toremifene on hormone-dependent, -independent, and heterogeneous breast tumor growth in the athymic mouse. Cancer Res (1989) 0.89
Norgestrel and gestodene stimulate breast cancer cell growth through an oestrogen receptor mediated mechanism. Br J Cancer (1993) 0.88
An estrogen receptor model to describe the regulation of prolactin synthesis by antiestrogens in vitro. J Biol Chem (1983) 0.88
Designer estrogens. Sci Am (1998) 0.88
Silencing and reactivation of the selective estrogen receptor modulator-estrogen receptor alpha complex. Cancer Res (2001) 0.88
Tamoxifen and endometrial cancer. Lancet (1988) 0.87
Nonsteroidal antiestrogens: their biological effects and potential mechanisms of action. J Toxicol Environ Health (1978) 0.87
Short- and long-term estrogen deprivation of T47D human breast cancer cells in culture. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol (1989) 0.87
Control of the estrogen-like actions of the tamoxifen-estrogen receptor complex by the surface amino acid at position 351. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol (2001) 0.87
Effects of type I and II interferons on cultured human breast cells: interaction with estrogen receptors and with tamoxifen. Cancer Res (1989) 0.87