Published in J Biol Chem on November 15, 1993
Membrane fusion: grappling with SNARE and SM proteins. Science (2009) 8.98
Synaptic vesicle membrane fusion complex: action of clostridial neurotoxins on assembly. EMBO J (1994) 5.02
Potent neutralization of botulinum neurotoxin by recombinant oligoclonal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 3.16
Vam7p, a SNAP-25-like molecule, and Vam3p, a syntaxin homolog, function together in yeast vacuolar protein trafficking. Mol Cell Biol (1998) 2.80
Fine and domain-level epitope mapping of botulinum neurotoxin type A neutralizing antibodies by yeast surface display. J Mol Biol (2006) 1.92
Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies binding multiple serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin. Protein Eng Des Sel (2010) 1.80
Glycosylated SV2A and SV2B mediate the entry of botulinum neurotoxin E into neurons. Mol Biol Cell (2008) 1.66
Single molecule detection of intermediates during botulinum neurotoxin translocation across membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 1.59
SNAP-25 is expressed in islets of Langerhans and is involved in insulin release. J Cell Biol (1995) 1.48
Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: mechanism of action and therapeutic uses. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (1999) 1.39
Purification, potency, and efficacy of the botulinum neurotoxin type A binding domain from Pichia pastoris as a recombinant vaccine candidate. Infect Immun (1998) 1.39
Development of novel assays for botulinum type A and B neurotoxins based on their endopeptidase activities. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 1.39
Identification of synaptic proteins and their isoform mRNAs in compartments of pancreatic endocrine cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.35
Cellubrevin and synaptobrevins: similar subcellular localization and biochemical properties in PC12 cells. J Cell Biol (1995) 1.28
Vesicle exocytosis stimulated by alpha-latrotoxin is mediated by latrophilin and requires both external and stored Ca2+. EMBO J (1998) 1.28
Differential expression of SNAP-25 protein isoforms during divergent vesicle fusion events of neural development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.27
Dynamin inhibition blocks botulinum neurotoxin type A endocytosis in neurons and delays botulism. J Biol Chem (2011) 1.27
Attomolar detection of botulinum toxin type A in complex biological matrices. PLoS One (2008) 1.25
Development of an in vitro bioassay for Clostridium botulinum type B neurotoxin in foods that is more sensitive than the mouse bioassay. Appl Environ Microbiol (1999) 1.25
VAMP/synaptobrevin isoforms 1 and 2 are widely and differentially expressed in nonneuronal tissues. J Cell Biol (1996) 1.24
Botulinum neurotoxin D uses synaptic vesicle protein SV2 and gangliosides as receptors. PLoS Pathog (2011) 1.24
Cysteine residues of SNAP-25 are required for SNARE disassembly and exocytosis, but not for membrane targeting. Biochem J (2001) 1.15
SNAP-25 and synaptotagmin involvement in the final Ca(2+)-dependent triggering of neurotransmitter exocytosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.15
Mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin B and G entry into hippocampal neurons. J Cell Biol (2007) 1.15
Vesicle-associated membrane protein-2 (synaptobrevin-2) forms a complex with synaptophysin. Biochem J (1995) 1.13
Discovery of a novel enzymatic cleavage site for botulinum neurotoxin F5. FEBS Lett (2011) 1.13
A single-domain llama antibody potently inhibits the enzymatic activity of botulinum neurotoxin by binding to the non-catalytic alpha-exosite binding region. J Mol Biol (2010) 1.10
Evidence for a voltage-dependent enhancement of neurotransmitter release mediated via the synaptic protein interaction site of N-type Ca2+ channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.05
Formation of ion channels in lipid bilayers by a peptide with the predicted transmembrane sequence of botulinum neurotoxin A. Protein Sci (1995) 1.00
Regulated vesicular fusion in neurons: snapping together the details. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.00
The analgesic effect on neuropathic pain of retrogradely transported botulinum neurotoxin A involves Schwann cells and astrocytes. PLoS One (2012) 1.00
Functional characterization of botulinum neurotoxin serotype H as a hybrid of known serotypes F and A (BoNT F/A). Anal Chem (2015) 1.00
Cytotoxicity of botulinum neurotoxins reveals a direct role of syntaxin 1 and SNAP-25 in neuron survival. Nat Commun (2013) 0.99
A fluorescence detection platform using spatial electroluminescent excitation for measuring botulinum neurotoxin A activity. Biosens Bioelectron (2008) 0.99
Tetanus toxin and botulinum toxin a utilize unique mechanisms to enter neurons of the central nervous system. Infect Immun (2012) 0.97
SNAP-25a and -25b isoforms are both expressed in insulin-secreting cells and can function in insulin secretion. Biochem J (1999) 0.96
Clostridial neurotoxins: mechanism of SNARE cleavage and outlook on potential substrate specificity reengineering. Toxins (Basel) (2010) 0.95
A novel Netrin-1-sensitive mechanism promotes local SNARE-mediated exocytosis during axon branching. J Cell Biol (2014) 0.95
Three enzymatically active neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum strain Af84: BoNT/A2, /F4, and /F5. Anal Chem (2014) 0.95
Proteomic and functional analysis of NCS-1 binding proteins reveals novel signaling pathways required for inner ear development in zebrafish. BMC Neurosci (2009) 0.93
Differential palmitoylation regulates intracellular patterning of SNAP25. J Cell Sci (2011) 0.93
In vitro detection and quantification of botulinum neurotoxin type e activity in avian blood. Appl Environ Microbiol (2011) 0.92
Isolation and functional characterization of the novel Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin A8 subtype. PLoS One (2015) 0.91
Norepinephrine exocytosis stimulated by alpha-latrotoxin requires both external and stored Ca2+ and is mediated by latrophilin, G proteins and phospholipase C. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (1999) 0.90
Multi-wavelength Spatial LED illumination based detector for in vitro detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin A Activity. Sens Actuators B Chem (2010) 0.90
Accelerated neuronal cell recovery from Botulinum neurotoxin intoxication by targeted ubiquitination. PLoS One (2011) 0.90
Simple and efficient method for heterologous expression of clostridial proteins. Appl Environ Microbiol (2000) 0.89
Lab-on-a-chip for botulinum neurotoxin a (BoNT-A) activity analysis. Lab Chip (2009) 0.89
Membrane fusion as a team effort. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 0.89
Botulinum Neurotoxins: Biology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology. Pharmacol Rev (2017) 0.87
Toxins from bacteria. EXS (2010) 0.87
Different substrate recognition requirements for cleavage of synaptobrevin-2 by Clostridium baratii and Clostridium botulinum type F neurotoxins. Appl Environ Microbiol (2010) 0.87
Recommended mass spectrometry-based strategies to identify botulinum neurotoxin-containing samples. Toxins (Basel) (2015) 0.86
Botulinum neurotoxins and botulism: a novel therapeutic approach. Toxins (Basel) (2011) 0.86
Botulinum toxin: bioweapon & magic drug. Indian J Med Res (2010) 0.86
Potent neutralization of botulinum neurotoxin/B by synergistic action of antibodies recognizing protein and ganglioside receptor binding domain. PLoS One (2012) 0.85
A two-stage multiplex method for quantitative analysis of botulinum neurotoxins type A, B, E, and F by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Anal Chem (2014) 0.85
Molecular underpinnings of synaptic vesicle pool heterogeneity. Traffic (2015) 0.85
Validation of the Endopep-MS method for qualitative detection of active botulinum neurotoxins in human and chicken serum. Anal Bioanal Chem (2014) 0.84
Iterative structure-based peptide-like inhibitor design against the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A. PLoS One (2010) 0.84
Detection of Botulinum Toxins A, B, E, and F in Foods by Endopep-MS. J Agric Food Chem (2015) 0.83
Lipid and cationic polymer based transduction of botulinum holotoxin, or toxin protease alone, extends the target cell range and improves the efficiency of intoxication. Toxicon (2009) 0.83
Neuritogenic actions of botulinum neurotoxin A on cultured motor neurons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2009) 0.83
Development of immunodetection system for botulinum neurotoxin type B using synthetic gene based recombinant protein. Indian J Med Res (2011) 0.82
Unique biological activity of botulinum D/C mosaic neurotoxin in murine species. Infect Immun (2012) 0.82
Regional and developmental brain expression patterns of SNAP25 splice variants. BMC Neurosci (2011) 0.81
Comparison of the catalytic properties of the botulinum neurotoxin subtypes A1 and A5. Biochim Biophys Acta (2013) 0.80
Bacterial protein toxins and cell vesicle trafficking. Experientia (1996) 0.80
Analysis of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Metalloprotease Inhibitors: Analogs of a Chemotype for Therapeutic Development in the Context of a Three-Zone Pharmacophore. Open Access Bioinformatics (2010) 0.79
Detection of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A, B, and F proteolytic activity in complex matrices with picomolar to femtomolar sensitivity. Appl Environ Microbiol (2012) 0.79
A role for SNAP-25 but not VAMPs in store-mediated Ca2+ entry in human platelets. J Physiol (2004) 0.79
Paclitaxel is an inhibitor and its boron dipyrromethene derivative is a fluorescent recognition agent for botulinum neurotoxin subtype A. J Med Chem (2013) 0.78
The destructive effect of botulinum neurotoxins on the SNARE protein: SNAP-25 and synaptic membrane fusion. PeerJ (2015) 0.78
Endomicroscopy and electromyography of neuromuscular junctions in situ. Ann Clin Transl Neurol (2014) 0.78
4-Amino-7-chloroquinolines: probing ligand efficiency provides botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain inhibitors with significant antiprotozoal activity. J Med Chem (2013) 0.78
The pattern of growth observed for Clostridium botulinum type A1 strain ATCC 19397 is influenced by nutritional status and quorum sensing: a modelling perspective. Pathog Dis (2015) 0.78
Tyrosine phosphorylation of botulinum neurotoxin protease domains. Front Pharmacol (2012) 0.78
New Elements To Consider When Modeling the Hazards Associated with Botulinum Neurotoxin in Food. J Bacteriol (2015) 0.77
Second generation steroidal 4-aminoquinolines are potent, dual-target inhibitors of the botulinum neurotoxin serotype A metalloprotease and P. falciparum malaria. J Med Chem (2014) 0.77
Entry of Botulinum neurotoxin subtypes A1 and A2 into neurons. Infect Immun (2016) 0.77
All three components of the neuronal SNARE complex contribute to secretory vesicle docking. J Cell Biol (2012) 0.77
Expression of botulinum toxin binding sites in Xenopus oocytes. Infect Immun (1997) 0.76
Detection of the HA-33 protein in botulinum neurotoxin type G complex by mass spectrometry. BMC Microbiol (2015) 0.75
A simple, rapid and sensitive FRET assay for botulinum neurotoxin serotype B detection. PLoS One (2014) 0.75
Botulinum neurotoxin serotypes detected by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Toxins (Basel) (2015) 0.75
Isolation and quantification of botulinum neurotoxin from complex matrices using the BoTest matrix assays. J Vis Exp (2014) 0.75
Structural analysis of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type D as a platform for the development of targeted secretion inhibitors. Sci Rep (2015) 0.75
Mass Spectrometric Identification and Differentiation of Botulinum Neurotoxins through Toxin Proteomics. Rev Anal Chem (2013) 0.75
Mass Spectrometric Detection of Bacterial Protein Toxins and Their Enzymatic Activity. Toxins (Basel) (2015) 0.75
Electrophysiological Characterization of the Antarease Metalloprotease from Tityus serrulatus Venom. Toxins (Basel) (2017) 0.75
Bacterial Signaling to the Nervous System via Toxins and Metabolites. J Mol Biol (2017) 0.75
An Integrative Approach to Computational Modelling of the Gene Regulatory Network Controlling Clostridium botulinum Type A1 Toxin Production. PLoS Comput Biol (2016) 0.75
Antimicrobial Peptides: New Recognition Molecules for Detecting Botulinum Toxins. Sensors (Basel) (2007) 0.75
Botulinum neurotoxin C mutants reveal different effects of syntaxin or SNAP-25 proteolysis on neuromuscular transmission. PLoS Pathog (2017) 0.75
Metal Ions Effectively Ablate the Action of Botulinum Neurotoxin A. J Am Chem Soc (2017) 0.75
Tetanus and botulinum-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin. Nature (1992) 8.39
Neurotoxins affecting neuroexocytosis. Physiol Rev (2000) 5.42
Anthrax lethal factor cleaves the N-terminus of MAPKKs and induces tyrosine/threonine phosphorylation of MAPKs in cultured macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1998) 4.44
Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity. Nat Struct Biol (1998) 4.21
Synaptic vesicle phosphoproteins and regulation of synaptic function. Science (1993) 3.93
Susceptibility of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase family members to proteolysis by anthrax lethal factor. Biochem J (2000) 3.83
Lymphocyte membrane potential assessed with fluorescent probes. Biochim Biophys Acta (1980) 3.33
Anthrax lethal factor cleaves MKK3 in macrophages and inhibits the LPS/IFNgamma-induced release of NO and TNFalpha. FEBS Lett (1999) 3.00
Overexpression of BCL-2 in transgenic mice protects neurons from naturally occurring cell death and experimental ischemia. Neuron (1994) 2.84
Channels formed by botulinum, tetanus, and diphtheria toxins in planar lipid bilayers: relevance to translocation of proteins across membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 2.80
A common subunit structure in Clostridium botulinum type A, B and E toxins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1972) 2.78
Botulinum neurotoxins serotypes A and E cleave SNAP-25 at distinct COOH-terminal peptide bonds. FEBS Lett (1993) 2.65
Different requirements for NSF, SNAP, and Rab proteins in apical and basolateral transport in MDCK cells. Cell (1995) 2.47
Inhibition of axonal growth by SNAP-25 antisense oligonucleotides in vitro and in vivo. Nature (1993) 2.43
Transgenic mice expressing beta-galactosidase in mature neurons under neuron-specific enolase promoter control. Neuron (1990) 2.26
Bafilomycin A1 inhibits Helicobacter pylori-induced vacuolization of HeLa cells. Mol Microbiol (1993) 2.24
The synapsins: key actors of synapse function and plasticity. Prog Neurobiol (2010) 2.19
Cellular vacuoles induced by Helicobacter pylori originate from late endosomal compartments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 2.19
Low pH activates the vacuolating toxin of Helicobacter pylori, which becomes acid and pepsin resistant. J Biol Chem (1995) 2.17
The small GTP binding protein rab7 is essential for cellular vacuolation induced by Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin. EMBO J (1997) 2.11
Botulinum neurotoxin type C cleaves a single Lys-Ala bond within the carboxyl-terminal region of syntaxins. J Biol Chem (1995) 2.06
Cap formation by various ligands on lymphocytes shows the same dependence on high cellular ATP levels. Biochim Biophys Acta (1980) 2.03
The neutrophil-activating protein (HP-NAP) of Helicobacter pylori is a protective antigen and a major virulence factor. J Exp Med (2000) 2.02
Separation of toxin and hemagglutinin from crystalline toxin of Clostridium botulinum type A by anion exchange chromatography and determination of their dimensions by gel filtration. J Biol Chem (1968) 2.02
Neurotrophins stimulate phosphorylation of synapsin I by MAP kinase and regulate synapsin I-actin interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 2.01
The synapsins. Annu Rev Cell Biol (1990) 1.97
Botulinum neurotoxin serotype F is a zinc endopeptidase specific for VAMP/synaptobrevin. J Biol Chem (1993) 1.93
Nanomechanics of microtubules. Phys Rev Lett (2002) 1.91
Selective increase of the permeability of polarized epithelial cell monolayers by Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin. J Clin Invest (1998) 1.89
Formation of anion-selective channels in the cell plasma membrane by the toxin VacA of Helicobacter pylori is required for its biological activity. EMBO J (1999) 1.88
The use of acetylated ferricytochrome c for the detection of superoxide radicals produced in biological membranes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1975) 1.86
Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin: importance of native conformation for induction of neutralizing antibodies. Infect Immun (1995) 1.79
Unravelling the pathogenic role of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer: potential new therapies and vaccines. Trends Biotechnol (1994) 1.74
Botulinum G neurotoxin cleaves VAMP/synaptobrevin at a single Ala-Ala peptide bond. J Biol Chem (1994) 1.67
N-Ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor acts at a prefusion ATP-dependent step in Ca2+-activated exocytosis. J Biol Chem (1996) 1.65
Selective inhibition of Ii-dependent antigen presentation by Helicobacter pylori toxin VacA. J Exp Med (1998) 1.65
Infliximab in the treatment of adult Still's disease refractory to conventional therapy. Clin Exp Rheumatol (2001) 1.63
SNARE motif and neurotoxins. Nature (1994) 1.62
The design of vaccines against Helicobacter pylori and their development. Annu Rev Immunol (2001) 1.61
Purification and amino acid composition of type A botulinum neurotoxin. Toxicon (1984) 1.61
Helicobacter pylori toxin VacA induces vacuole formation by acting in the cell cytosol. Mol Microbiol (1997) 1.60
Dicarbocyanine fluorescent probes of membrane potential block lymphocyte capping, deplete cellular ATP and inhibit respiration of isolated mitochondria. Biochim Biophys Acta (1979) 1.59
Isolation of chromatographically pure toxin of Clostridium botulinum type B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1968) 1.59
Separation, purification, partial characterization and comparison of the heavy and light chains of botulinum neurotoxin types A, B, and E. J Biol Chem (1985) 1.58
VAMP-2 and cellubrevin are expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and are essential for Ca(2+)-but not for GTP gamma S-induced insulin secretion. EMBO J (1995) 1.56
The Helicobacter pylori neutrophil-activating protein is an iron-binding protein with dodecameric structure. Mol Microbiol (1999) 1.53
Triggering of lymphocyte capping appears not to require changes in potential or ion fluxes across the plasma membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta (1980) 1.52
A third member of the synapsin gene family. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.52
Probing the partly folded states of proteins by limited proteolysis. Fold Des (1997) 1.52
The role of gustatory flushing in Frey's syndrome and its treatment with botulinum toxin type A. Clin Auton Res (2002) 1.51
Activation of Clostridium botulinum type B toxin by an endogenous enzyme. J Bacteriol (1971) 1.49
Botulinum neurotoxins are zinc proteins. J Biol Chem (1992) 1.48
Identification of the Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin domain active in the cell cytosol. Infect Immun (1998) 1.48
SNAP-25 is expressed in islets of Langerhans and is involved in insulin release. J Cell Biol (1995) 1.48
Intrathecal administration of botulinum toxin type A improves urinary bladder function and reduces pain in rats with cystitis. Eur J Pain (2014) 1.44
Vacuoles induced by Helicobacter pylori toxin contain both late endosomal and lysosomal markers. J Biol Chem (1997) 1.42
Structure and function of the synapsins. J Biol Chem (1992) 1.41
Clostridial neurotoxins and substrate proteolysis in intact neurons: botulinum neurotoxin C acts on synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa. J Biol Chem (1996) 1.41
Probing the conformational state of apomyoglobin by limited proteolysis. J Mol Biol (1997) 1.40
Tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins: mechanism of action and therapeutic uses. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (1999) 1.39
Problems assaying neutrophil activators. Trends Microbiol (2001) 1.39
Functional characterisation of tetanus and botulinum neurotoxins binding domains. J Cell Sci (1999) 1.39
Tetanus toxin is a zinc protein and its inhibition of neurotransmitter release and protease activity depend on zinc. EMBO J (1992) 1.39
Superficial and deep changes of cellular mechanical properties following cytoskeleton disassembly. Cell Motil Cytoskeleton (2005) 1.38
Effect of helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin on maturation and extracellular release of procathepsin D and on epidermal growth factor degradation. J Biol Chem (1997) 1.38
Ultracentrifugal analysis of the crystalline toxin and isolated fractions of Clostridium botulinum type A. J Biol Chem (1966) 1.37
Interactions between synaptic vesicle fusion proteins explored by atomic force microscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.36
Positive selection in autoimmunity: abnormal immune responses to a bacterial dnaJ antigenic determinant in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Med (1995) 1.36
Interaction of Grb2 via its Src homology 3 domains with synaptic proteins including synapsin I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.35
Presenting features of polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and rheumatoid arthritis with PMR-like onset: a prospective study. Ann Rheum Dis (2001) 1.33
Chromatographic isolation of hemagglutinin-free neurotoxin from crystalline toxin of Clostridium botulinum type A. Biochim Biophys Acta (1967) 1.29
Characterization of synapsin I fragments produced by cysteine-specific cleavage: a study of their interactions with F-actin. J Cell Biol (1989) 1.28
Lethal factor of Bacillus anthracis cleaves the N-terminus of MAPKKs: analysis of the intracellular consequences in macrophages. Int J Med Microbiol (2000) 1.27
The structural basis for the regulation of tissue transglutaminase by calcium ions. Eur J Biochem (1999) 1.27
Ribosomal protein L27 is identical in chick and rat. Nucleic Acids Res (1991) 1.27
Botulinum neurotoxin types A and E require the SNARE motif in SNAP-25 for proteolysis. FEBS Lett (1997) 1.27
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in synaptic vesicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 1.26
The vacuolar ATPase proton pump is required for the cytotoxicity of Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin. FEBS Lett (1996) 1.24
Differential ethylene-inducible expression of cellulase in pepper plants. Plant Mol Biol (1995) 1.24
VAMP/synaptobrevin isoforms 1 and 2 are widely and differentially expressed in nonneuronal tissues. J Cell Biol (1996) 1.24