Published in Am J Pathol on April 01, 1997
Role of microglia in central nervous system infections. Clin Microbiol Rev (2004) 2.69
Pathogenesis of cerebral malaria: recent experimental data and possible applications for humans. Clin Microbiol Rev (2001) 1.91
Locally up-regulated lymphotoxin alpha, not systemic tumor necrosis factor alpha, is the principle mediator of murine cerebral malaria. J Exp Med (2002) 1.86
Cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels and cognitive impairment in cerebral malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2008) 1.69
A potential role for pro-inflammatory cytokines in regulating synaptic plasticity in major depressive disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol (2009) 1.28
Neutrophils play a critical role in the pathogenesis of experimental cerebral malaria. Clin Exp Immunol (2000) 1.27
Cytokines in the pathogenesis of and protection against malaria. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol (2002) 1.20
Cognitive dysfunction in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei strain ANKA. J Infect Dis (2008) 1.16
Late-onset chronic inflammatory encephalopathy in immune-competent and severe combined immune-deficient (SCID) mice with astrocyte-targeted expression of tumor necrosis factor. Am J Pathol (1998) 1.07
Cytokines and adhesion molecules expression in the brain in human cerebral malaria. Int J Environ Res Public Health (2005) 1.00
Differential gene expression during meningeal-meningococcal interaction: evidence for self-defense and early release of cytokines and chemokines. Infect Immun (2001) 0.97
Evidence for multiple pathologic and protective mechanisms of murine cerebral malaria. Infect Immun (1998) 0.96
Nuclear factor kappa B modulates apoptosis in the brain endothelial cells and intravascular leukocytes of fatal cerebral malaria. Malar J (2013) 0.95
Breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier induced by activated T cells of nonneural specificity. Am J Pathol (2000) 0.94
Hyperbaric oxygen prevents early death caused by experimental cerebral malaria. PLoS One (2008) 0.91
Predominance of interferon-related responses in the brain during murine malaria, as identified by microarray analysis. Infect Immun (2008) 0.88
Prostaglandin E2 and 4-aminopyridine prevent the lipopolysaccharide-induced outwardly rectifying potassium current and interleukin-1beta production in cultured rat microglia. J Neurochem (1998) 0.87
Reactive changes of retinal microglia during fatal murine cerebral malaria: effects of dexamethasone and experimental permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier. Am J Pathol (2000) 0.86
Humoral sleep regulation; interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. Vitam Horm (2012) 0.85
Novel Use of Hydroxyurea in an African Region With Malaria: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. JMIR Res Protoc (2016) 0.83
Peroxisome proliferator activating receptor (PPAR) in cerebral malaria (CM): a novel target for an additional therapy. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (2010) 0.81
Cerebral malaria: insights from host-parasite protein-protein interactions. Malar J (2010) 0.78
NMR spectroscopy and chemometrics as a tool for anti-TNFα activity screening in crude extracts of grapes and other berries. Metabolomics (2012) 0.78
Chitinase 3-like 1 is induced by Plasmodium falciparum malaria and predicts outcome of cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia in a case-control study of African children. Malar J (2014) 0.77
Experimental Models of Microvascular Immunopathology: The Example of Cerebral Malaria. J Neuroinfect Dis (2014) 0.76
Glial-mediated inflammation underlying parkinsonism. Scientifica (Cairo) (2013) 0.75
Young Sprague Dawley rats infected by Plasmodium berghei: A relevant experimental model to study cerebral malaria. PLoS One (2017) 0.75
Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) as an essential mediator in murine cerebral malaria. Science (1987) 7.01
TNF concentration in fatal cerebral, non-fatal cerebral, and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Lancet (1990) 6.32
Gamma interferon, CD8+ T cells and antibodies required for immunity to malaria sporozoites. Nature (1988) 5.99
Immunohistochemical localization of macrophages and microglia in the adult and developing mouse brain. Neuroscience (1985) 3.27
IL-6 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor production in cultured human monocytes, U937 cells, and in mice. J Immunol (1989) 3.15
Monoclonal antibody against interferon gamma can prevent experimental cerebral malaria and its associated overproduction of tumor necrosis factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 3.03
L3T4+ T lymphocytes play a major role in the pathogenesis of murine cerebral malaria. J Immunol (1986) 2.79
Microglial-produced nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen oxides mediate neuronal cell death. Brain Res (1992) 2.39
Dynamics of fever and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor are closely associated during clinical paroxysms in Plasmodium vivax malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 2.34
Cerebral malaria in inbred mice. I. A new model and its pathology. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1982) 2.06
TNF-alpha expression by resident microglia and infiltrating leukocytes in the central nervous system of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Regulation by Th1 cytokines. J Immunol (1995) 1.80
Pathology of fatal and resolving Plasmodium berghei cerebral malaria in mice. Parasitology (1992) 1.78
Profiles of cytokine production in relation with susceptibility to cerebral malaria. J Immunol (1993) 1.77
Spontaneous inflammatory demyelinating disease in transgenic mice showing central nervous system-specific expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.76
The cytokine theory of human cerebral malaria. Parasitol Today (1994) 1.73
Possible roles of tumor necrosis factor in the pathology of malaria. Am J Pathol (1987) 1.69
Human microglial cell defense against Toxoplasma gondii. The role of cytokines. J Immunol (1994) 1.61
Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in murine cerebral malaria. Parasitology (1988) 1.47
Generation and biological characterization of membrane-bound, uncleavable murine tumor necrosis factor. J Biol Chem (1995) 1.37
Cerebral malaria: mediators, mechanical obstruction or more? Parasitol Today (1994) 1.34
Early activation of microglia in the pathogenesis of fatal murine cerebral malaria. Glia (1997) 1.32
Neuroprotective role of IL-4 against activated microglia. J Immunol (1993) 1.26
Possible central role of nitric oxide in conditions clinically similar to cerebral malaria. Lancet (1992) 1.20
Early microvascular changes in murine cerebral malaria detected in retinal wholemounts. Am J Pathol (1992) 1.19
Correlation between enhanced vascular permeability, up-regulation of cellular adhesion molecules and monocyte adhesion to the endothelium in the retina during the development of fatal murine cerebral malaria. Am J Pathol (1996) 1.17
Redistribution and degeneration of retinal astrocytes in experimental murine cerebral malaria: relationship to disruption of the blood-retinal barrier. Glia (1996) 1.14
Regional and cellular codistribution of interleukin 1 beta and nerve growth factor mRNA in the adult rat brain: possible relationship to the regulation of nerve growth factor synthesis. J Cell Biol (1990) 1.13
Malaria exoantigens induce TNF, are toxic and are blocked by T-independent antibody. Immunol Lett (1990) 1.09
Erythrocyte stages of Plasmodium falciparum exhibit a high nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and release an NOS-inducing soluble factor. J Exp Med (1995) 1.06
Significance of cytokine production and adhesion molecules in malarial immunopathology. Immunol Lett (1990) 1.04
Serum tumor necrosis factor associated with malaria in patients in the Solomon Islands. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1991) 1.03
Comparisons between microvascular changes in cerebral and non-cerebral malaria in mice, using the retinal whole-mount technique. Parasitology (1993) 1.03
Gamma-interferon-like immunoreactivity in axotomized rat motor neurons. J Neurosci (1989) 1.03
Cytokines in neurodegeneration and repair. Int J Dev Neurosci (1995) 1.03
Immune response to soluble exoantigens of Plasmodium falciparum may contribute to both pathogenesis and protection in clinical malaria: evidence from a longitudinal, prospective study of semi-immune African children. Eur J Immunol (1991) 1.02
Low dosages of interleukin 1 protect mice against lethal cerebral malaria. J Exp Med (1990) 1.01
Antioxidants can prevent cerebral malaria in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Br J Exp Pathol (1989) 0.99
Production of nitrite by neonatal rat microglial cells/brain macrophages. Cell Immunol (1992) 0.99
Cerebral malaria in the United Kingdom. J Clin Pathol (1979) 0.96
Compromised blood-nerve barrier, astrogliosis, and myelin disruption in optic nerves during fatal murine cerebral malaria. Glia (1997) 0.95
Morphological studies on neuroglia. V. Microglial cells in the cerebral cortex of the rat, with special reference to their possible involvement in synaptic function. Cell Tissue Res (1982) 0.95
TNF and Plasmodium berghei ANKA-induced cerebral malaria. Immunol Lett (1990) 0.95
Cytokine modulation of murine microglial cell superoxide production. Glia (1995) 0.93
Human retinal microglia express phenotypic characteristics in common with dendritic antigen-presenting cells. J Neuroimmunol (1993) 0.92
Interferon-gamma-like immunoreactivity in certain neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system. J Neurosci Res (1989) 0.92
Effects of endotoxin and dexamethasone on cerebral malaria in mice. Parasitology (1995) 0.88
Prevention of cerebral malaria by adoptive transfer of malaria-specific cultured T cells into mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. J Immunol (1983) 0.87
Amelioration of murine cerebral malaria by dietary restriction. Parasitology (1993) 0.86
Interleukin-4 inhibits the expression of tumour necrosis factors alpha and beta, interleukins-1 beta and -6 and interferon-gamma. Immunol Cell Biol (1995) 0.86
Interleukin-1 beta inhibits Ca2+ channel currents in hippocampal neurons through protein kinase C. Eur J Pharmacol (1994) 0.86
A direct comparison of GFAP immunocytochemistry and GFAP concentration in various regions of ethanol-fixed rat and mouse brain. J Neurosci Methods (1995) 0.84
Malaria and the nervous system. Afr J Med Med Sci (1984) 0.82
Cerebral malaria. On the nature and significance of vascular changes. Eur Neurol (1974) 0.80
[Effect of intracerebral injections of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1]. Arerugi (1993) 0.76
Inhibition of murine malaria (Plasmodium chabaudi) in vivo by recombinant interferon-gamma or tumor necrosis factor, and its enhancement by butylated hydroxyanisole. J Immunol (1987) 2.91
Evidence for reactive oxygen intermediates causing hemolysis and parasite death in malaria. Infect Immun (1983) 2.59
Pathology of fatal and resolving Plasmodium berghei cerebral malaria in mice. Parasitology (1992) 1.78
Tumour necrosis factor may contribute to the anaemia of malaria by causing dyserythropoiesis and erythrophagocytosis. Br J Haematol (1988) 1.75
Possible roles of tumor necrosis factor in the pathology of malaria. Am J Pathol (1987) 1.69
Effect of antioxidants on primary alloantigen-induced T cell activation and proliferation. J Immunol (1986) 1.58
Breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in murine cerebral malaria. Parasitology (1988) 1.47
Roles of tumour necrosis factor in the illness and pathology of malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1990) 1.39
Early activation of microglia in the pathogenesis of fatal murine cerebral malaria. Glia (1997) 1.32
Dramatic changes in oxidative tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway in experimental cerebral and noncerebral malaria. Am J Pathol (1998) 1.32
Control of pathogenic CD8+ T cell migration to the brain by IFN-gamma during experimental cerebral malaria. Parasite Immunol (2008) 1.30
Antioxidants inhibit proliferation and cell surface expression of receptors for interleukin-2 and transferrin in T lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. Cell Immunol (1988) 1.27
Free radical-induced pathology. Med Res Rev (1985) 1.26
Early microvascular changes in murine cerebral malaria detected in retinal wholemounts. Am J Pathol (1992) 1.19
A casein kinase I motif present in the cytoplasmic domain of members of the tumour necrosis factor ligand family is implicated in 'reverse signalling'. EMBO J (1999) 1.17
Correlation between enhanced vascular permeability, up-regulation of cellular adhesion molecules and monocyte adhesion to the endothelium in the retina during the development of fatal murine cerebral malaria. Am J Pathol (1996) 1.17
Redistribution and degeneration of retinal astrocytes in experimental murine cerebral malaria: relationship to disruption of the blood-retinal barrier. Glia (1996) 1.14
Conventional and experimental treatment of cerebral malaria. Int J Parasitol (2006) 1.12
Central nervous system in cerebral malaria: 'Innocent bystander' or active participant in the induction of immunopathology? Immunol Cell Biol (2001) 1.12
Effect of guanyl nucleotides on parathyroid hormone-responsive adenylate cyclase in chick kidney. J Endocrinol (1976) 1.10
Tumor necrosis factor in malaria-induced abortion. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1988) 1.10
Oxygen-derived free radicals in the pathogenesis of parasitic disease. Adv Parasitol (1986) 1.08
Possible mechanisms responsible for the increased ascorbic acid content of Plasmodium vinckei-infected mouse erythrocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta (1986) 1.04
Parathyroid hormone-responsive adenylate cyclase in induced transplantable osteogenic rat sarcoma. Nature (1976) 1.03
Comparisons between microvascular changes in cerebral and non-cerebral malaria in mice, using the retinal whole-mount technique. Parasitology (1993) 1.03
Is ischemia involved in the pathogenesis of murine cerebral malaria? Am J Pathol (2001) 1.02
Calcitonin-responsive adenylate cyclase in a calcitonin-producing human cancer cell line. Br J Cancer (1977) 1.02
Antioxidants inhibit indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in IFN-gamma-activated human macrophages: posttranslational regulation by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate. J Immunol (2001) 1.00
ERK activation and mitogenesis in human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (2001) 1.00
Transcription of the interferon gamma (IFN-gamma )-inducible chemokine Mig in IFN-gamma-deficient mice. J Biol Chem (2000) 0.99
Antioxidants can prevent cerebral malaria in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. Br J Exp Pathol (1989) 0.99
Role of 3',5'-cyclic AMP in glucagon-induced stimulation of ruthenium red-insensitive calcium transport in an endoplasmic reticulum-rich fraction of rat liver. FEBS Lett (1980) 0.98
Tumor necrosis factor blockade in actively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis prevents clinical disease despite activated T cell infiltration to the central nervous system. Eur J Immunol (1997) 0.97
Secretion of prostaglandins as bone-resorbing agents by renal cortical carcinoma in culture. Br J Cancer (1977) 0.96
Cyclic AMP and the regulation of prostaglandin production by macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1983) 0.96
Compromised blood-nerve barrier, astrogliosis, and myelin disruption in optic nerves during fatal murine cerebral malaria. Glia (1997) 0.95
Redox regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway during lymphocyte activation. Biochim Biophys Acta (1997) 0.91
Cyclic nucleotide excretion in human malignancies. Clin Sci (Lond) (1980) 0.90
Biochemical characteristics and inhibitor selectivity of mouse indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-2. Amino Acids (2010) 0.90
Oxidative stress and protective mechanisms in erythrocytes in relation to Plasmodium vinckei load. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 0.90
Redox metabolism of vitamin C in blood of normal and malaria-infected mice. Biochim Biophys Acta (1993) 0.89
Tissue distribution of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in normal and malaria-infected tissue. Redox Rep (2000) 0.89
RMI 12330A, an inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and adenylate cyclase in kidney preparations. Biochim Biophys Acta (1980) 0.89
Role of vasopressin in the mitotic response of rat bone marrow cells to haemorrhage. J Endocrinol (1977) 0.89
Production of luminol-reactive oxygen radicals during Plasmodium vinckei infection. Infect Immun (1984) 0.89
Effects of endotoxin and dexamethasone on cerebral malaria in mice. Parasitology (1995) 0.88
Phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species do not influence the progression of murine blood-stage malaria infections. Infect Immun (2005) 0.88
Are reactive oxygen species involved in the pathogenesis of murine cerebral malaria? J Infect Dis (1999) 0.88
Development of the "activated" high resolution 1H MR spectrum in murine T cells and B cells occurs in G1 phase of the cell cycle. Magn Reson Med (1990) 0.87
Activity of divicine in Plasmodium vinckei-infected mice has implications for treatment of favism and epidemiology of G-6-PD deficiency. Br J Haematol (1984) 0.87
Fas and perforin contribute to the pathogenesis of murine cerebral malaria. Redox Rep (1999) 0.87
Activation and signal transduction via mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in T lymphocytes. Immunol Cell Biol (1997) 0.87
Expression of Pgp-1 (or Ly24) by subpopulations of mouse thymocytes and activated peripheral T lymphocytes. Eur J Immunol (1987) 0.86
Detection of short-chain carbonyl products of lipid peroxidation from malaria-parasite (Plasmodium vinckei)-infected red blood cells exposed to oxidative stress. Biochem J (1988) 0.86
Reactive changes of retinal microglia during fatal murine cerebral malaria: effects of dexamethasone and experimental permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier. Am J Pathol (2000) 0.86
Toxicity of certain products of lipid peroxidation to the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Biochem Pharmacol (1987) 0.86
NADPH oxidase, Nramp1 and nitric oxide synthase 2 in the host antimicrobial response. Rev Immunogenet (2000) 0.86
The intracellular oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin in murine T lymphocytes. Free Radic Biol Med (2001) 0.86
Some roles of free radicals in malaria. Free Radic Biol Med (1989) 0.85
Vitamin C redox reactions in blood of normal and malaria-infected mice studied with isoascorbate as a nonisotopic marker. Free Radic Biol Med (1995) 0.85
Radical-mediated damage to parasites and erythrocytes in Plasmodium vinckei infected mice after injection of t-butyl hydroperoxide. Clin Exp Immunol (1984) 0.85
Transcription factors as targets for oxidative signalling during lymphocyte activation. Biochim Biophys Acta (1995) 0.85
CD40 and OX40 ligand are differentially regulated on asthmatic airway smooth muscle. Allergy (2009) 0.84
Increased c-fos expression in the brain during experimental murine cerebral malaria: possible association with neurologic complications. J Infect Dis (1997) 0.84
Cyclic nucleotide metabolism and reactive oxygen production by macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1980) 0.84
Response of human and chick kidney adenylate cyclase to biologically active synthetic fragments of human parathyroid hormone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1978) 0.83
Flavin analogs with antimalarial activity as glutathione reductase inhibitors. Biochem Pharmacol (1990) 0.83
Protection of vitamin E from oxidation by increased ascorbic acid content within Plasmodium vinckei-infected erythrocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta (1986) 0.82
Antioxidants in plasma from mice infected with Plasmodium vinckei. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1986) 0.82
Membranes from a transplantable osteogenic sarcoma responsive to parathyroid hormone and prostaglandins: regulation of adenylate cyclase and of hormone metabolism. J Endocrinol (1978) 0.81
Rat osteogenic sarcoma cells: isolation and effects of hormones on the production of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP. Endocrinology (1977) 0.81
Radical-induced lipoprotein and plasma lipid oxidation in normal and apolipoprotein E gene knockout (apoE-/-) mice: apoE-/- mouse as a model for testing the role of tocopherol-mediated peroxidation in atherogenesis. J Lipid Res (1998) 0.81
Hormone receptors and cyclic nucleotide metabolism in cancer cells. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) (1976) 0.80
Free oxygen radicals in malaria. Lancet (1983) 0.80
Adenylate cyclase activity of renal cortical carcinoma and its relation to histology and ultrastructure. Cancer Res (1978) 0.80
Changes in hormone responsiveness and cyclic AMP metabolism in rat hepatocytes during primary culture and effects of supplementing the medium with insulin and dexamethasone. Eur J Biochem (1984) 0.80
Enzymatic deacylation of mono- and dibutyryl derivatives of cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate by extracts of rat tissues. J Biol Chem (1972) 0.79
Oxidative signalling and gene expression during lymphocyte activation. Biochim Biophys Acta (1996) 0.79
Studies in vivo on the effects of parathyroid hormone upon kidney cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate content using rapid tissue fixation by microwave irradiation. Horm Metab Res (1976) 0.79
Proceedings: Effects of guanyl nucleotides upon basal and parathyroid hormone-stimulated chick kidney adenylate cyclase. J Endocrinol (1975) 0.79
Inhibition of drug-naive and -resistant leukemia cell proliferation by low molecular weight thiols. Biochem Pharmacol (1998) 0.79
Lipids from Plasmodium vinckei-infected erythrocytes and their susceptibility to oxidative damage. Lipids (1987) 0.79
Tumor necrosis factor induces doxorubicin resistance to lung cancer cells in vitro. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg (1994) 0.79
Reactive oxygen production, arachidonate metabolism and cyclic AMP in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1983) 0.78
Radiation induced osteogenic sarcoma in the rat as a model of hormone-responsive differentiated cancer. Lab Anim Sci (1977) 0.78
Use of fixed cells in cell contact-dependent cytotoxicity assays for TNF: a cautionary report. J Immunol Methods (1999) 0.78
In vitro effects of three iron chelators on mitogen-activated lymphocytes: identification of differences in their mechanisms of action. Int J Immunopharmacol (1992) 0.78
Activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1984) 0.78
Increased production of arachidonate metabolites by peritoneal cells of mice infected with Plasmodium vinckei vinckei. Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci (1986) 0.78
Antimalarial action of flavin analogues seems not be due to inhibition of glutathione reductase of host erythrocytes. Biochem Pharmacol (1990) 0.77