Published in Sex Transm Infect on October 01, 1998
How does male circumcision protect against HIV infection? BMJ (2000) 5.64
Male circumcision: an acceptable strategy for HIV prevention in Botswana. Sex Transm Infect (2003) 5.26
Male circumcision and risk of syphilis, chancroid, and genital herpes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex Transm Infect (2006) 5.11
Susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection of human foreskin and cervical tissue grown in explant culture. Am J Pathol (2002) 3.66
Adult male circumcision: effects on sexual function and sexual satisfaction in Kisumu, Kenya. J Sex Med (2008) 2.23
Penile cancer: epidemiology, pathogenesis and prevention. World J Urol (2008) 2.14
Determinants and policy implications of male circumcision in the United States. Am J Public Health (2008) 2.09
Urologic disease in a resource-poor country. World J Surg (2013) 2.01
Circumcision and STD in the United States: cross sectional and cohort analyses. Sex Transm Infect (2000) 1.94
Are physicians performing neonatal circumcisions well-trained? Can Urol Assoc J (2013) 1.66
The Strong Protective Effect of Circumcision against Cancer of the Penis. Adv Urol (2011) 1.63
Role of human papillomavirus in penile cancer, penile intraepithelial squamous cell neoplasias and in genital warts. Med Microbiol Immunol (2003) 1.45
Risk factors for active syphilis and TPHA seroconversion in a rural African population. Sex Transm Infect (2001) 1.42
Adult male circumcision does not reduce the risk of incident Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or Trichomonas vaginalis infection: results from a randomized, controlled trial in Kenya. J Infect Dis (2009) 1.42
Acceptability of medical male circumcision in the traditionally circumcising communities in Northern Tanzania. BMC Public Health (2011) 1.38
Male circumcision and penile cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Causes Control (2011) 1.38
Male circumcision: a new approach to reducing HIV transmission. CMAJ (2009) 1.32
Economic evaluations of adult male circumcision for prevention of heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. PLoS One (2010) 1.28
Male circumcision for prevention of HIV transmission: what the new data mean for HIV prevention in the United States. PLoS Med (2007) 1.18
Does male circumcision prevent HIV infection? PLoS Med (2005) 1.14
Willingness of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States to be circumcised as adults to reduce the risk of HIV infection. PLoS One (2008) 1.14
Late complications of circumcision in Iran. Pediatr Surg Int (2006) 1.07
Late complications of newborn circumcision: a common and avoidable problem. Pediatr Surg Int (2010) 0.99
Primary prevention and vaccination for penile cancer. Ther Adv Urol (2013) 0.99
Declining rates in male circumcision amidst increasing evidence of its public health benefit. PLoS One (2007) 0.99
Update on male circumcision: prevention success and challenges ahead. Curr Infect Dis Rep (2008) 0.97
Review: a critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision for HIV prevention in developed countries. AIDS Care (2012) 0.93
Gender Differences in Bacterial STIs in Canada. BMC Womens Health (2004) 0.92
Buried penis: An unrecognized risk factor in the development of invasive penile cancer. Can Urol Assoc J (2012) 0.85
Dry sex practices and HIV infection in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. Sex Transm Infect (1999) 0.78
Sexually transmitted infections and male circumcision: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ISRN Urol (2013) 0.78
Neonatal circumcision and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the penis: a report of 3 cases and a review of the literature. Can Urol Assoc J (2008) 0.78
Is Sex Like Driving? HIV Prevention and Risk Compensation. J Dev Econ (2013) 0.75
Prevalence and factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among HIV positive women opting for intrauterine contraception. PLoS One (2015) 0.75
Male circumcision. Sex Transm Infect (1999) 0.75
Male circumcision. Sex Transm Infect (1999) 0.75
Risk of burn trauma during circumcision with radiofrequency scalpel: case report and review of literature. Int J Burns Trauma (2013) 0.75
Male circumcision. Sex Transm Infect (1999) 0.75
Female to male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: risk factors for seroconversion in men. Lancet (1989) 11.39
Circumcision in the United States. Prevalence, prophylactic effects, and sexual practice. JAMA (1997) 6.21
Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination. Lancet (1997) 5.35
Circumcision and venereal disease. Can Med Assoc J (1947) 4.84
Complications of circumcision. Br J Surg (1993) 4.65
Human immunodeficiency virus infection among men with sexually transmitted diseases. Experience from a center in Africa. N Engl J Med (1988) 4.55
Efficacy and safety of lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain during circumcision. N Engl J Med (1997) 4.37
Lack of circumcision increases the risk of urinary tract infection in young men. JAMA (1992) 3.90
HIV-1 seroconversion in patients with and without genital ulcer disease. A prospective study. Ann Intern Med (1993) 3.78
Geographical patterns of male circumcision practices in Africa: association with HIV seroprevalence. Int J Epidemiol (1990) 3.63
Genital ulcers in Kenya. Clinical and laboratory study. Br J Vener Dis (1981) 3.62
The African AIDS epidemic. Sci Am (1996) 3.49
Benefits and risks of circumcision. Can Med Assoc J (1981) 3.49
The ecological effects of individual exposures and nonlinear disease dynamics in populations. Am J Public Health (1994) 3.41
Routine neonatal circumcision: a reappraisal. Am Fam Physician (1990) 3.22
History of circumcision, medical conditions, and sexual activity and risk of penile cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst (1993) 2.92
Epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic features of an urban outbreak of chancroid in North America. Rev Infect Dis (1981) 2.89
The incidence of HIV infection among women using family planning methods in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. AIDS (1998) 2.80
Evidence for high prevalence & rapid transmission of HIV among individuals attending STD clinics in Pune, India. Indian J Med Res (1996) 2.64
Effect of circumcision on incidence of urinary tract infection in preschool boys. J Pediatr (1996) 2.53
Circumcision and sexually transmitted diseases. Am J Public Health (1994) 2.27
Cohort study of venereal disease. I: the risk of gonorrhea transmission from infected women to men. Am J Epidemiol (1978) 2.17
Herpes genitalis and circumcision. Br J Vener Dis (1975) 2.15
Circumcision and sexually transmissible disease. Med J Aust (1983) 2.11
Sexual behaviour patterns and other risk factors for HIV infection in rural Tanzania: a case-control study. AIDS (1997) 2.05
Male circumcision and susceptibility to HIV infection among men in Tanzania. AIDS (1997) 1.97
The prepuce: specialized mucosa of the penis and its loss to circumcision. Br J Urol (1996) 1.93
The association between lack of male circumcision and risk for HIV infection: a review of the epidemiological data. Sex Transm Dis (1994) 1.79
Human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in carcinomas of the penis from Brazil. Int J Cancer (1986) 1.67
A community trial of the impact of improved sexually transmitted disease treatment on the HIV epidemic in rural Tanzania: 2. Baseline survey results. AIDS (1995) 1.60
Risk factors associated with prevalent HIV-1 infection among pregnant women in Rwanda. National University of Rwanda-Johns Hopkins University AIDS Research Team. Int J Epidemiol (1994) 1.60
Urinary tract infections and the uncircumcised state: an update. Clin Pediatr (Phila) (1993) 1.60
Incidence and predictors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconversion in patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in India. J Infect Dis (1995) 1.56
Newborn circumcision: an economic perspective. Can Med Assoc J (1984) 1.54
Epidemiology of HIV infection among long distance truck drivers in Kenya. East Afr Med J (1995) 1.52
The status of circumcision of newborns. N Engl J Med (1990) 1.50
Role of male behavior in cervical carcinogenesis among women with one lifetime sexual partner. Cancer (1993) 1.48
Circumcision circumspection. N Engl J Med (1997) 1.47
Male circumcision, sexually transmitted disease, and risk of HIV. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol (1995) 1.45
Human papillomaviruses and anogenital cancers. N Engl J Med (1997) 1.44
Increased risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 among uncircumcised men presenting with genital ulcer disease in Kenya. Clin Infect Dis (1996) 1.43
A population-based study of syphilis and sexually transmitted disease syndromes in north-western Tanzania. 2. Risk factors and health seeking behaviour. Genitourin Med (1993) 1.42
Circumcision as a risk factor for urethritis in racial groups. Am J Public Health (1987) 1.38
Circumcision decision: prominence of social concerns. Pediatrics (1987) 1.35
Purulent penile ulcers of patients in Singapore. Genitourin Med (1986) 1.32
Genital ulcer disease among STD clinic attenders in Nairobi: association with HIV-1 and circumcision status. Int J STD AIDS (1996) 1.26
Tonsillectomy and circumcision: comparisons of two cohorts. Int J Epidemiol (1978) 1.23
Male circumcision: a role in HIV prevention? AIDS (1994) 1.17
Aspects of male circumcision in sub-equatorial African culture history. Health Transit Rev (1997) 1.16
Factors associated with genital chlamydial and gonococcal infection in males. Genitourin Med (1993) 1.15
Penile intraepithelial neoplasia. Specific clinical features correlate with histologic and virologic findings. Cancer (1994) 1.13
Carcinoma of the cervix in Jewish women in Israel, 1960-67. An epidemiological study. Isr J Med Sci (1971) 1.08
Prospective evaluation of complications of dorsal penile nerve block for neonatal circumcision. Pediatrics (1995) 1.06
Epidemiological trend in the distribution of cancer in Kashmir Valley. J Epidemiol Community Health (1993) 1.02
The circumcision debate. Pediatrics (1987) 1.02
Male circumcision and common sexually transmissible diseases in a developed nation setting. Genitourin Med (1994) 1.01
Ulcerative balanoposthitis associated with non-syphilitic spirochaetal infection. Genitourin Med (1986) 0.99
Why circumcision? Pediatrics (1974) 0.93
Comparative periurethral bacteriology of uncircumcised and circumcised males. Genitourin Med (1997) 0.93
Circumcision: is the risk of urinary tract infection really the pivotal issue? Clin Pediatr (Phila) (1992) 0.90
Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection of heterosexual men attending a sexual health centre. Med J Aust (1994) 0.90
Association between cervical and penile cancers in Madras, India. Acta Oncol (1993) 0.90
Indigenous African healers promote male circumcision for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Trop Doct (1993) 0.89
MALE CIRCUMCISION AMONG THE PEOPLES OF EAST AFRICA AND THE INCIDENCE OF GENITAL CANCER. East Afr Med J (1965) 0.88
High rates of sexual contact with female sex workers, sexually transmitted diseases, and condom neglect among HIV-infected and uninfected men with tuberculosis in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol (1996) 0.87
Statistics on circumcision in Canada and Australia. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1978) 0.85
Neonatal circumcision: an end to the controversy? South Med J (1996) 0.82
Larger numbers needed. Pediatrics (1987) 0.80
Female to male transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: risk factors for seroconversion in men. Lancet (1989) 11.39
Cofactors in male-female sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Infect Dis (1991) 7.05
Male circumcision and HIV infection: 10 years and counting. Lancet (1999) 6.63
Acceptability of male circumcision for prevention of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: a review. AIDS Behav (2006) 5.86
A critical evaluation of nalidixic acid in urinary-tract infections. N Engl J Med (1966) 5.80
Hospital characteristics and mortality rates. N Engl J Med (1989) 4.97
Genital ulceration as a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS (1988) 4.85
AIDS virus infection in Nairobi prostitutes. Spread of the epidemic to East Africa. N Engl J Med (1986) 4.68
Human immunodeficiency virus infection among men with sexually transmitted diseases. Experience from a center in Africa. N Engl J Med (1988) 4.55
Comparison of specimen collection and laboratory techniques for isolation of Haemophilus ducreyi. J Clin Microbiol (1978) 4.20
Acceptability of male circumcision and predictors of circumcision preference among men and women in Nyanza Province, Kenya. AIDS Care (2005) 4.06
Geographical patterns of male circumcision practices in Africa: association with HIV seroprevalence. Int J Epidemiol (1990) 3.63
The interaction of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases: an opportunity for intervention. AIDS (1989) 3.48
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Haemophilus ducreyi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1978) 3.23
Epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic features of an urban outbreak of chancroid in North America. Rev Infect Dis (1981) 2.89
Determination of the hemin requirement of Haemophilus ducreyi: evaluation of the porphyrin test and media used in the satellite growth test. J Clin Microbiol (1978) 2.37
Prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Africa: effectiveness of condom promotion and health education among prostitutes. Lancet (1988) 2.33
Prophylaxis of gonococcal and chlamydial ophthalmia neonatorum. A comparison of silver nitrate and tetracycline. N Engl J Med (1988) 2.20
The association of urinary tract infection with sexual intercourse. J Infect Dis (1982) 2.05
Acceptability of male circumcision for prevention of HIV infection in Zambia. AIDS Care (2007) 2.02
Factors influencing in vitro susceptibility to the cephalosporins and clinical trial of an oral cephalosporin, cephaloglycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Bethesda) (1966) 1.99
Evaluation of the HCFA model for the analysis of mortality following hospitalization. Health Serv Res (1992) 1.99
Bacteriuria localization and response to single-dose therapy in women. JAMA (1976) 1.98
Antimicrobial therapy of chancroid: an evaluation of five treatment regimens correlated with in vitro sensitivity. Sex Transm Dis (1983) 1.92
Prostitutes are a major reservoir of sexually transmitted diseases in Nairobi, Kenya. Sex Transm Dis (1985) 1.91
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconversion in women with genital ulcers. J Infect Dis (1994) 1.85
Plasmid-mediated ampicillin resistance in Haemophilus ducreyi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1979) 1.85
Kanamycin sulfate in the treatment of acute gonorrheal urethritis in men. JAMA (1968) 1.84
Resistance of gram-negative bacilli to gentamicin. J Infect Dis (1971) 1.82
The association between lack of male circumcision and risk for HIV infection: a review of the epidemiological data. Sex Transm Dis (1994) 1.79
A controlled study of antimicrobial prophylaxis of recurrent urinary infection in women. N Engl J Med (1974) 1.74
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in women attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Kenya. J Infect Dis (1992) 1.70
Influence of mucoidy on antibody coating of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Infect Dis (1979) 1.67
Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum in Kenya. Lancet (1986) 1.66
Using clinical variables to estimate the risk of patient mortality. Med Care (1991) 1.65
Characterization of cell proteins of Haemophilus ducreyi by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Infect Dis (1983) 1.65
A prospective controlled investigation of prophylactic trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in hospitalized granulocytopenic patients. Am J Med (1979) 1.64
Treatment of chancroid by clavulanic acid with amoxycillin in patients with beta-lactamase-positive Haemophilus ducreyi infection. Lancet (1982) 1.58
Epidemiology of chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi in Nairobi, Kenya. Lancet (1983) 1.57
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of monthly azithromycin prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections and HIV-1 in Kenyan sex workers: study design and baseline findings. Int J STD AIDS (2000) 1.55
Relationship between lipopolysaccharide composition and virulence of Haemophilus ducreyi. J Med Microbiol (1987) 1.55
Single-dose therapy of chancroid with trimethoprim-sulfametrole. N Engl J Med (1983) 1.52
Chancroid and the role of genital ulcer disease in the spread of human retroviruses. Med Clin North Am (1990) 1.46
The plasmids of Haemophilus ducreyi. J Antimicrob Chemother (1984) 1.44
Comparison of media for the primary isolation of Haemophilus ducreyi. Sex Transm Dis (1984) 1.43
Bacteremic Haemophilus influenzae genitourinary tract infections in adults. Arch Intern Med (1978) 1.43
Increased risk of infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 among uncircumcised men presenting with genital ulcer disease in Kenya. Clin Infect Dis (1996) 1.43
Emergence of gentamicin- and carbenicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a hospital environment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1976) 1.42
Virulence factors of Haemophilus ducreyi. Infect Immun (1984) 1.41
Relapse and reinfection in chronic bacteriuria. II. The correlation between site of infection and pattern of recurrence in chronic bacteriuria. N Engl J Med (1968) 1.40
Characterization of ampicillin resistance plasmids of Haemophilus ducreyi and Neisseria gonorrhoeae with regard to location of origin of transfer and mobilization by a conjugative plasmid of Haemophilus ducreyi. J Bacteriol (1983) 1.37
Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to penicillin and tetracycline. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (Bethesda) (1968) 1.36
Biotyping of Escherichia coli by a simple multiple-inoculation agar plate technique. J Clin Microbiol (1979) 1.36
Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in genital ulcer exudate of HIV-1-infected men by culture and gene amplification. J Infect Dis (1990) 1.33
Postpartum upper genital tract infections in Nairobi, Kenya: epidemiology, etiology, and risk factors. J Infect Dis (1987) 1.32
The clinical diagnosis of genital ulcer disease in men in the tropics. Sex Transm Dis (1984) 1.31
Urinary tract infection localization in women. JAMA (1978) 1.30
Humoral immune response of humans to lipooligosaccharide and outer membrane proteins of Haemophilus ducreyi. J Infect Dis (1993) 1.29
Role of lipopolysaccharide and complement in susceptibility of Haemophilus ducreyi to human serum. Infect Immun (1985) 1.27
Herpes simplex virus type 2 antibody detection performance in Kisumu, Kenya, using the Herpeselect ELISA, Kalon ELISA, Western blot and inhibition testing. Sex Transm Infect (2008) 1.26
Antimicrobial misuse--effects and suggestions for control. J Antimicrob Chemother (1979) 1.25
Isolation and immunological characterization of a unique toxic cytoplasmic polymer of type 1 Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Can J Microbiol (1974) 1.22
Therapy for acute cystitis in adult women. Randomized comparison of single-dose sulfisoxazole vs trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. JAMA (1982) 1.21
The relationship of hospital ownership and teaching status to 30- and 180-day adjusted mortality rates. Med Care (1994) 1.20
Effect of bacteriuria on renal concentrating mechanisms. Ann Intern Med (1969) 1.19
Standardization of an enzyme immunoassay for human antibody to Haemophilus ducreyi. J Clin Microbiol (1992) 1.17
How long should catheter-acquired urinary tract infection in women be treated? A randomized controlled study. Ann Intern Med (1991) 1.15
Clinical and microbiologic studies of genital ulcers in Kenyan women. Sex Transm Dis (1986) 1.14
Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among young uncircumcised men in Kisumu, Kenya. Sex Transm Infect (2007) 1.14
Evaluation of fleroxacin (RO 23-6240) as single-oral-dose therapy of culture-proven chancroid in Nairobi, Kenya. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1989) 1.13
Single-dose kanamycin therapy of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum. Lancet (1984) 1.13
Prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in female patients. Efficacy of low-dose, thrice-weekly therapy with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. JAMA (1979) 1.13
Role of ceftriaxone in sexually transmitted diseases. Rev Infect Dis (1989) 1.13
Epidemiologic oversight of the medical care provided to Medicare beneficiaries. Stat Med (1991) 1.11
Antimicrobial therapy of chancroid: effectiveness of erythromycin. J Infect Dis (1983) 1.10
Prospective, randomized comparative study of clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and ticarcillin, each in combination with gentamicin, in therapy for intraabdominal and female genital tract sepsis. J Infect Dis (1980) 1.09
Anaerobic and aerobic urethral flora in healthy females. J Clin Microbiol (1978) 1.07
Comparison of three serological tests in gonococcal infection. Appl Microbiol (1974) 1.06
Comparative activities of norfloxacin and fifteen other antipseudomonal agents against gentamicin-susceptible and -resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1983) 1.06
The management of urinary infections: what have we learned in the past decade? Int J Antimicrob Agents (1994) 1.06
Treatment of chancroid with ciprofloxacin. A prospective, randomized clinical trial. Am J Med (1987) 1.06
The treatment of chancroid: comparison of one week of sulfisoxazole with single dose doxycycline. J Antimicrob Chemother (1979) 1.05
Recurrent urinary tract infection in adult women: diagnosis and treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am (1987) 1.05
Cerebrospinal fluid as a diagnostic body fluid. Am J Med (1983) 1.04
Condom use prevents genital ulcers in women working as prostitutes. Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Sex Transm Dis (1991) 1.04
Human immunodeficiency virus, genital ulcers and the male foreskin: synergism in HIV-1 transmission. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl (1990) 1.04
Women's strategies to alleviate nutritional stress in a rural African society. Soc Sci Med (1999) 1.03
The systematic assessment of variations in medical practices and their outcomes. Public Health Rep (1995) 1.02
Comparative trial of norfloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of women with localized, acute, symptomatic urinary tract infections and antimicrobial effect on periurethral and fecal microflora. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1984) 1.02
Plasmid-mediated tetracycline resistance in Haemophilus ducreyi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1984) 1.02
Assessment of prognostic factors and projection of outcomes in renal transplantation. Transplantation (1983) 1.00
Chancroid and Haemophilus ducreyi. Ann Intern Med (1985) 0.99
Urine screening with the MS-2. J Clin Microbiol (1983) 0.99
Synergistic antibacterial activity of clavulanic acid and amoxicillin against beta-lactamase-producing strains of Haemophilus ducreyi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1981) 0.99
Treatment of chancroid. A comparison of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. Br J Vener Dis (1983) 0.98
Advances in the diagnosis and management of chancroid. Sex Transm Dis (1986) 0.98
A comparison of the in vitro activity of rosamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, metroidazole and ornidazole against Haemophilus ducreyi, including beta-lactamase producing strains. J Antimicrob Chemother (1979) 0.98
Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of norfloxacin for the prophylaxis of recurrent urinary tract infection in women. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1989) 0.98
Identification of a ROB-1 beta-lactamase in Haemophilus ducreyi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1992) 0.98
Granulocytopenia in hospitalized patients. II. A prospective comparison of two antibiotic regimens in the empiric therapy of febrile patients. Am J Med (1978) 0.97