Published in J Immunol on October 01, 2005
Pivotal role for neuronal Toll-like receptors in ischemic brain injury and functional deficits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 3.91
Regulation of innate immune responses in the brain. Nat Rev Immunol (2009) 3.41
The type I IFN induction pathway constrains Th17-mediated autoimmune inflammation in mice. J Clin Invest (2008) 2.66
Sensing of viral infection and activation of innate immunity by toll-like receptor 3. Clin Microbiol Rev (2008) 2.39
Impaired intrinsic immunity to HSV-1 in human iPSC-derived TLR3-deficient CNS cells. Nature (2012) 2.32
The microglial "activation" continuum: from innate to adaptive responses. J Neuroinflammation (2005) 2.23
Toll-like receptors in neurodegeneration. Brain Res Rev (2008) 2.15
Type I interferons and microbial metabolites of tryptophan modulate astrocyte activity and central nervous system inflammation via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Nat Med (2016) 1.96
Toll-like receptor 3 is a potent negative regulator of axonal growth in mammals. J Neurosci (2007) 1.88
Glia-dependent TGF-beta signaling, acting independently of the TH17 pathway, is critical for initiation of murine autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Clin Invest (2007) 1.78
Toll-like receptor signaling in endogenous neuroprotection and stroke. Neuroscience (2008) 1.73
Herpes simplex virus encephalitis in a patient with complete TLR3 deficiency: TLR3 is otherwise redundant in protective immunity. J Exp Med (2011) 1.71
Toll like receptor-3 ligand poly-ICLC promotes the efficacy of peripheral vaccinations with tumor antigen-derived peptide epitopes in murine CNS tumor models. J Transl Med (2007) 1.64
Toll-like receptor-4 mediates neuronal apoptosis induced by amyloid beta-peptide and the membrane lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal. Exp Neurol (2008) 1.58
Extracellular mutant SOD1 induces microglial-mediated motoneuron injury. Glia (2010) 1.54
Postnatal activation of TLR4 in astrocytes promotes excitatory synaptogenesis in hippocampal neurons. J Cell Biol (2016) 1.44
Glial toll-like receptor signaling in central nervous system infection and autoimmunity. Brain Behav Immun (2007) 1.40
Glia in pathological pain: a role for fractalkine. J Neuroimmunol (2008) 1.39
The role of antigen presenting cells in multiple sclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta (2010) 1.38
Microglia and inflammation in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets (2010) 1.37
Microglia during development and aging. Pharmacol Ther (2013) 1.30
Intracerebral administration of CpG oligonucleotide for patients with recurrent glioblastoma: a phase II study. Neuro Oncol (2010) 1.30
Toll-like receptors in chronic pain. Exp Neurol (2011) 1.29
Features of microglia and neuroinflammation relevant to environmental exposure and neurotoxicity. Int J Environ Res Public Health (2011) 1.27
Role of redox signaling in neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Res Int (2013) 1.25
Microglial p38α MAPK is a key regulator of proinflammatory cytokine up-regulation induced by toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands or beta-amyloid (Aβ). J Neuroinflammation (2011) 1.25
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection of CNS glial cells results in TLR2-MyD88/Mal-dependent inflammatory responses. J Neuroimmunol (2008) 1.24
TLR3 deficiency renders astrocytes permissive to herpes simplex virus infection and facilitates establishment of CNS infection in mice. J Clin Invest (2012) 1.24
TLR3 immunity to infection in mice and humans. Curr Opin Immunol (2013) 1.22
Microglia activation and anti-inflammatory regulation in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurobiol (2010) 1.22
Astrocyte indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is induced by the TLR3 ligand poly(I:C): mechanism of induction and role in antiviral response. J Virol (2007) 1.20
TLR2 and TLR4 in the brain injury caused by cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Mediators Inflamm (2013) 1.18
Spinal TLR4 mediates the transition to a persistent mechanical hypersensitivity after the resolution of inflammation in serum-transferred arthritis. Pain (2011) 1.17
Herpes simplex type I (HSV-1) infection of the nervous system: is an immune response a good thing? J Neuroimmunol (2009) 1.16
Both TLR2 and TLR4 are required for the effective immune response in Staphylococcus aureus-induced experimental murine brain abscess. Am J Pathol (2007) 1.16
Spinal glial TLR4-mediated nociception and production of prostaglandin E(2) and TNF. Br J Pharmacol (2010) 1.16
Neurobiology of injury to the developing brain. Nat Rev Neurol (2010) 1.16
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays a major role in the formation of rabies virus Negri Bodies. PLoS Pathog (2009) 1.14
The role of Toll-like receptors in CNS response to microbial challenge. J Neurochem (2006) 1.12
Neural injury following stroke: are Toll-like receptors the link between the immune system and the CNS? Br J Pharmacol (2010) 1.12
Poly-ICLC promotes the infiltration of effector T cells into intracranial gliomas via induction of CXCL10 in IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma dependent manners. Cancer Immunol Immunother (2010) 1.12
Toll-like receptors expression and signaling in glia cells in neuro-amyloidogenic diseases: towards future therapeutic application. Mediators Inflamm (2010) 1.11
Differential induction of TLR3-dependent innate immune signaling by closely related parasite species. PLoS One (2014) 1.11
Double-stranded RNA mediates interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and interleukin-6 production by engaging Toll-like receptor 3 in human brain astrocytes. Immunology (2008) 1.11
Toll-like receptors: insights into their possible role in the pathogenesis of lyme neuroborreliosis. Infect Immun (2008) 1.10
Activation of toll-like receptor-3 induces interferon-lambda expression in human neuronal cells. Neuroscience (2009) 1.07
Toll-like receptor signaling adapter proteins govern spread of neuropathic pain and recovery following nerve injury in male mice. J Neuroinflammation (2013) 1.07
Neuroimmunological processes in Parkinson's disease and their relation to α-synuclein: microglia as the referee between neuronal processes and peripheral immunity. ASN Neuro (2013) 1.05
Discovery of carboxyethylpyrroles (CEPs): critical insights into AMD, autism, cancer, and wound healing from basic research on the chemistry of oxidized phospholipids. Chem Res Toxicol (2011) 1.05
Intracellular expression of toll-like receptor 4 in neuroblastoma cells and their unresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide. BMC Cancer (2006) 1.05
Cyclical and dose-dependent responses of adult human mature oligodendrocytes to fingolimod. Am J Pathol (2008) 1.05
Toll-like receptor expression and activation in astroglia: differential regulation by HIV-1 Tat, gp120, and morphine. Immunol Invest (2011) 1.04
Blood-brain barrier integrity and glial support: mechanisms that can be targeted for novel therapeutic approaches in stroke. Curr Pharm Des (2012) 1.03
Caspase blockade induces RIP3-mediated programmed necrosis in Toll-like receptor-activated microglia. Cell Death Dis (2013) 1.01
The TLR3 ligand polyI: C downregulates connexin 43 expression and function in astrocytes by a mechanism involving the NF-kappaB and PI3 kinase pathways. Glia (2006) 1.01
TLR2 deficiency leads to increased Th17 infiltrates in experimental brain abscesses. J Immunol (2009) 1.00
TLR3 and TLR4 are innate antiviral immune receptors in human microglia: role of IRF3 in modulating antiviral and inflammatory response in the CNS. Virology (2009) 1.00
Regulation of the severity of neuroinflammation and demyelination by TLR-ASK1-p38 pathway. EMBO Mol Med (2010) 1.00
Phagocytes containing a disease-promoting Toll-like receptor/Nod ligand are present in the brain during demyelinating disease in primates. Am J Pathol (2006) 1.00
A role for DNA-dependent activator of interferon regulatory factor in the recognition of herpes simplex virus type 1 by glial cells. J Neuroinflammation (2011) 1.00
The NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 2 is a suppressor of microglial activation and brain inflammation. EMBO J (2013) 0.99
A clear and present danger: endogenous ligands of Toll-like receptors. Neuromolecular Med (2009) 0.99
Microglia isolated from patients with glioma gain antitumor activities on poly (I:C) stimulation. Neuro Oncol (2011) 0.99
Role of inflammation and its mediators in acute ischemic stroke. J Cardiovasc Transl Res (2013) 0.97
Microglia and Astrocyte Activation by Toll-Like Receptor Ligands: Modulation by PPAR-gamma Agonists. PPAR Res (2008) 0.97
Theiler's virus infection induces TLR3-dependent upregulation of TLR2 critical for proinflammatory cytokine production. Glia (2009) 0.97
Toll-like receptor 2 deficiency leads to delayed exacerbation of ischemic injury. J Neuroinflammation (2012) 0.96
Activation of Toll-like receptors inhibits herpes simplex virus-1 infection of human neuronal cells. J Neurosci Res (2009) 0.96
Toll-like receptor-3 mediates HIV-1 transactivation via NFκB and JNK pathways and histone acetylation, but prolonged activation suppresses Tat and HIV-1 replication. Cell Signal (2015) 0.96
Hepatitis C virus core protein induces neuroimmune activation and potentiates Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 neurotoxicity. PLoS One (2010) 0.96
Viral CNS infections: role of glial pattern recognition receptors in neuroinflammation. Front Microbiol (2012) 0.95
Parainflammation, chronic inflammation, and age-related macular degeneration. J Leukoc Biol (2015) 0.94
Role of toll-like receptors in multiple sclerosis. Am J Clin Exp Immunol (2013) 0.94
Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptors 2, 4, and 9 are highly associated with hearing loss in survivors of bacterial meningitis. PLoS One (2012) 0.93
Opposing effects of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on synaptic stability in the spinal cord after peripheral nerve injury. J Neuroinflammation (2012) 0.93
Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin / RNase 2: connecting the past, the present and the future. Curr Pharm Biotechnol (2008) 0.93
Toll-like receptor 4 mutant and null mice retain morphine-induced tolerance, hyperalgesia, and physical dependence. PLoS One (2014) 0.92
The innate immune system in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Cell Biol (2013) 0.92
Estrogens regulate neuroinflammatory genes via estrogen receptors α and β in the frontal cortex of middle-aged female rats. J Neuroinflammation (2011) 0.92
Regulation of toll-like receptor 1 and -2 in neonatal mice brains after hypoxia-ischemia. J Neuroinflammation (2011) 0.91
Innate immune activation in the pathogenesis of a murine model of globoid cell leukodystrophy. Am J Pathol (2013) 0.91
A dual role for microglia in promoting tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) expression in glial cells in response to neuroinflammatory stimuli. J Neuroinflammation (2011) 0.90
Innate immunity and neuroinflammation. Mediators Inflamm (2013) 0.90
Toll-like receptors in ischaemia and its potential role in the pathophysiology of muscle damage in critical limb ischaemia. Cardiol Res Pract (2012) 0.89
Multiple Sclerosis and T Lymphocytes: An Entangled Story. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol (2015) 0.89
Epilepsy and innate immune system: A possible immunogenic predisposition and related therapeutic implications. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2015) 0.88
The potential of mesenchymal stromal cells as a novel cellular therapy for multiple sclerosis. Immunotherapy (2012) 0.88
NADPH oxidase-mediated redox signal contributes to lipoteichoic acid-induced MMP-9 upregulation in brain astrocytes. J Neuroinflammation (2012) 0.87
Toll-like receptor signaling regulates cisplatin-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol (2013) 0.87
Paroxetine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation via differential regulation of MAPK signaling. J Neuroinflammation (2014) 0.87
Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms are associated with severity variables in a cohort of meningococcal meningitis survivors. BMC Infect Dis (2012) 0.87
Induction of interferon-γ contributes to Toll-like receptor 3-mediated herpes simplex virus type 1 inhibition in astrocytes. J Neurosci Res (2011) 0.87
New advances on glial activation in health and disease. World J Virol (2015) 0.87
Estrogens, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration. Endocr Rev (2016) 0.87
Adipocyte enhancer-binding protein-1 promotes macrophage inflammatory responsiveness by up-regulating NF-kappaB via IkappaBalpha negative regulation. Mol Biol Cell (2007) 0.87
Human herpesvirus 6A infection in CD46 transgenic mice: viral persistence in the brain and increased production of proinflammatory chemokines via Toll-like receptor 9. J Virol (2014) 0.86
Spinal toll-like receptor signaling and nociceptive processing: regulatory balance between TIRAP and TRIF cascades mediated by TNF and IFNβ. Pain (2013) 0.86
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase α facilitates Toll-like receptor 4-mediated microglial inflammation through regulation of the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP) location. J Biol Chem (2013) 0.86
Human TH17 lymphocytes promote blood-brain barrier disruption and central nervous system inflammation. Nat Med (2007) 6.19
Intrathecal pathogenic anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies in early neuromyelitis optica. Ann Neurol (2009) 4.88
Preferential recruitment of interferon-gamma-expressing TH17 cells in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol (2009) 2.87
Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule promotes leukocyte trafficking into the central nervous system. Nat Immunol (2007) 2.85
Natalizumab effects on immune cell responses in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol (2006) 2.06
Melanoma cell adhesion molecule identifies encephalitogenic T lymphocytes and promotes their recruitment to the central nervous system. Brain (2012) 1.78
Maraviroc and JC virus-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. N Engl J Med (2014) 1.75
Comparison of polarization properties of human adult microglia and blood-derived macrophages. Glia (2012) 1.73
Functional consequences of neuromyelitis optica-IgG astrocyte interactions on blood-brain barrier permeability and granulocyte recruitment. J Immunol (2008) 1.58
Fingolimod (FTY720) enhances remyelination following demyelination of organotypic cerebellar slices. Am J Pathol (2010) 1.58
FTY720 modulates human oligodendrocyte progenitor process extension and survival. Ann Neurol (2008) 1.55
Distinct properties of circulating CD8+ T cells in FTY720-treated patients with multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol (2010) 1.51
Neutrophil-mediated oxidative burst and host defense are controlled by a Vav-PLCgamma2 signaling axis in mice. J Clin Invest (2007) 1.47
Essential role of PI3Kdelta and PI3Kgamma in thymocyte survival. Blood (2005) 1.36
The blood-brain barrier induces differentiation of migrating monocytes into Th17-polarizing dendritic cells. Brain (2007) 1.36
Type 2 monocyte and microglia differentiation mediated by glatiramer acetate therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Immunol (2004) 1.34
Microglia and multiple sclerosis. J Neurosci Res (2005) 1.34
Vulnerability of human neurons to T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. J Immunol (2003) 1.33
Central nervous system-directed effects of FTY720 (fingolimod). J Neurol Sci (2008) 1.29
Th1 and Th2 lymphocyte migration across the human BBB is specifically regulated by interferon beta and copolymer-1. J Autoimmun (2005) 1.29
Diminished Th17 (not Th1) responses underlie multiple sclerosis disease abrogation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ann Neurol (2013) 1.27
Statin therapy inhibits remyelination in the central nervous system. Am J Pathol (2009) 1.23
miR-155 as a multiple sclerosis-relevant regulator of myeloid cell polarization. Ann Neurol (2013) 1.21
Reduced endocannabinoid immune modulation by a common cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor gene polymorphism: possible risk for autoimmune disorders. J Leukoc Biol (2005) 1.20
Vav proteins control MyD88-dependent oxidative burst. Blood (2006) 1.19
Determinants of human B cell migration across brain endothelial cells. J Immunol (2003) 1.19
IL-27 increases the proliferation and effector functions of human naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes and promotes their development into Tc1 cells. Eur J Immunol (2010) 1.13
Measles virus interacts with human SLAM receptor on dendritic cells to cause immunosuppression. Virology (2004) 1.13
Cells of the oligodendroglial lineage, myelination, and remyelination. Biochim Biophys Acta (2010) 1.11
ADP and AMP induce interleukin-1beta release from microglial cells through activation of ATP-primed P2X7 receptor channels. J Neurosci (2002) 1.11
Lipocalin 2 is a novel immune mediator of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis pathogenesis and is modulated in multiple sclerosis. Glia (2012) 1.11
Central nervous system recruitment of effector memory CD8+ T lymphocytes during neuroinflammation is dependent on α4 integrin. Brain (2011) 1.10
Netrin 1 and Dcc regulate oligodendrocyte process branching and membrane extension via Fyn and RhoA. Development (2009) 1.09
Continued administration of ciliary neurotrophic factor protects mice from inflammatory pathology in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Am J Pathol (2006) 1.09
Minocycline reduces gadolinium-enhancing magnetic resonance imaging lesions in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol (2004) 1.08
NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity toward oligodendrocytes suggests a mechanism for tissue injury in multiple sclerosis. J Neurosci (2007) 1.08
Contribution of astrocyte-derived IL-15 to CD8 T cell effector functions in multiple sclerosis. J Immunol (2010) 1.07
Measles virus infects and suppresses proliferation of T lymphocytes from transgenic mice bearing human signaling lymphocytic activation molecule. J Virol (2003) 1.06
Cyclical and dose-dependent responses of adult human mature oligodendrocytes to fingolimod. Am J Pathol (2008) 1.05
Intrathecal B-cell clonal expansion, an early sign of humoral immunity, in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Lab Invest (2003) 1.03
Contribution of CD8 T lymphocytes to the immuno-pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and its animal models. Biochim Biophys Acta (2010) 1.00
Maintenance of axo-oligodendroglial paranodal junctions requires DCC and netrin-1. J Neurosci (2008) 0.99
Isolation of a natural inhibitor of human malignant glial cell invasion: inter alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 2. Cancer Res (2006) 0.99
Cytotoxic NKG2C+ CD4 T cells target oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis. J Immunol (2013) 0.99
Axonal loss and neurofilament phosphorylation changes accompany lesion development and clinical progression in multiple sclerosis. Brain Pathol (2011) 0.98
Differential responses of human microglia and blood-derived myeloid cells to FTY720. J Neuroimmunol (2010) 0.97
Simvastatin regulates oligodendroglial process dynamics and survival. Glia (2007) 0.97
Mitochondrial damage revealed by immunoselection for ALS-linked misfolded SOD1. Hum Mol Genet (2013) 0.96
Distinct migratory and cytokine responses of human microglia and macrophages to ATP. Brain Behav Immun (2010) 0.95
B cell-derived IL-15 enhances CD8 T cell cytotoxicity and is increased in multiple sclerosis patients. J Immunol (2011) 0.94
Regulation of miRNA 219 and miRNA Clusters 338 and 17-92 in Oligodendrocytes. Front Genet (2012) 0.94
Reduction of the peripheral blood CD56(bright) NK lymphocyte subset in FTY720-treated multiple sclerosis patients. J Immunol (2011) 0.94
Migration of multiple sclerosis lymphocytes through brain endothelium. Arch Neurol (2002) 0.93
Human activated T lymphocytes modulate IDO expression in tumors through Th1/Th2 balance. J Immunol (2009) 0.93
The tryptophan metabolite 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid plays anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective roles during inflammation: role of hemeoxygenase-1. Am J Pathol (2011) 0.93
Neurobiological effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulation in the cuprizone model. FASEB J (2011) 0.92
MicroRNA dysregulation in multiple sclerosis. Front Genet (2013) 0.92
Interferon beta promotes nerve growth factor secretion early in the course of multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol (2005) 0.91
Characterization of coding synonymous and non-synonymous variants in ADAMTS13 using ex vivo and in silico approaches. PLoS One (2012) 0.91
Human brain endothelial cells endeavor to immunoregulate CD8 T cells via PD-1 ligand expression in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroinflammation (2011) 0.90
Dendritic cell differentiation signals induce anti-inflammatory properties in human adult microglia. J Immunol (2008) 0.90
Kinin B1 receptor expression on multiple sclerosis mononuclear cells: correlation with magnetic resonance imaging T2-weighted lesion volume and clinical disability. Arch Neurol (2005) 0.89
Leukemia inhibitory factor is produced by myelin-reactive T cells from multiple sclerosis patients and protects against tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced oligodendrocyte apoptosis. J Neurosci Res (2006) 0.88
A central role for RhoA during oligodendroglial maturation in the switch from netrin-1-mediated chemorepulsion to process elaboration. J Neurochem (2010) 0.87
The majority of infiltrating CD8 T lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis lesions is insensitive to enhanced PD-L1 levels on CNS cells. Glia (2011) 0.87
Magnetization transfer can predict clinical evolution in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol (2002) 0.86
Regulation and functional effects of monocyte migration across human brain-derived endothelial cells. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol (2003) 0.85
Dual effects of daily FTY720 on human astrocytes in vitro: relevance for neuroinflammation. J Neuroinflammation (2013) 0.85
Distinctive properties of human adult brain-derived myelin progenitor cells. Am J Pathol (2004) 0.85
Isolating, culturing, and polarizing primary human adult and fetal microglia. Methods Mol Biol (2013) 0.85
A proteome map of axoglial specializations isolated and purified from human central nervous system. Glia (2010) 0.84
Resistance of human adult oligodendrocytes to AMPA/kainate receptor-mediated glutamate injury. Brain (2004) 0.83
Substantial early, but nonprogressive neuronal loss in multiple sclerosis (MS) spinal cord. Ann Neurol (2009) 0.83
Regulation of cellular and molecular trafficking across human brain endothelial cells by Th1- and Th2-polarized lymphocytes. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol (2004) 0.82
Widespread immunoreactivity for neuronal nuclei in cultured human and rodent astrocytes. J Neurochem (2007) 0.82
Oligodendrocyte precursor cell transplantation into organotypic cerebellar shiverer slices: a model to study myelination and myelin maintenance. PLoS One (2012) 0.82
Full-length and fragmented netrin-1 in multiple sclerosis plaques are inhibitors of oligodendrocyte precursor cell migration. Am J Pathol (2013) 0.82
Stimulation of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway in human CD8+ T lymphocytes from blood and lung tumors leads to a shared young/memory phenotype. PLoS One (2012) 0.81
Axonal damage in multiple sclerosis patients with high versus low expanded disability status scale score. Can J Neurol Sci (2004) 0.81
A new clinically relevant approach to expand myelin specific T cells. J Immunol Methods (2006) 0.81
Differential effects of Th1 and Th2 lymphocyte supernatants on human microglia. Glia (2003) 0.81
Th1 polarization of CD4+ T cells by Toll-like receptor 3-activated human microglia. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol (2007) 0.81
Role of p38MAPK in S1P receptor-mediated differentiation of human oligodendrocyte progenitors. Glia (2014) 0.81