Published in Front Cell Infect Microbiol on March 16, 2012
Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection: an ongoing conundrum for clinicians and for clinical laboratories. Clin Microbiol Rev (2013) 1.85
Role of the intestinal microbiota in resistance to colonization by Clostridium difficile. Gastroenterology (2014) 1.77
Bile acid recognition by the Clostridium difficile germinant receptor, CspC, is important for establishing infection. PLoS Pathog (2013) 1.55
Frizzled proteins are colonic epithelial receptors for C. difficile toxin B. Nature (2016) 1.47
Mechanism of action and epitopes of Clostridium difficile toxin B-neutralizing antibody bezlotoxumab revealed by X-ray crystallography. J Biol Chem (2014) 1.04
Clostridium difficile infection. Nat Rev Dis Prim (2016) 0.99
Toxin-mediated paracellular transport of antitoxin antibodies facilitates protection against Clostridium difficile infection. Infect Immun (2014) 0.91
Structural basis for antibody recognition in the receptor-binding domains of toxins A and B from Clostridium difficile. J Biol Chem (2013) 0.90
Broad coverage of genetically diverse strains of Clostridium difficile by actoxumab and bezlotoxumab predicted by in vitro neutralization and epitope modeling. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2014) 0.88
SpoIIID-mediated regulation of σK function during Clostridium difficile sporulation. Mol Microbiol (2014) 0.88
An Update on Clostridium difficile Toxinotyping. J Clin Microbiol (2015) 0.87
The combined repetitive oligopeptides of clostridium difficile toxin A counteract premature cleavage of the glucosyl-transferase domain by stabilizing protein conformation. Toxins (Basel) (2014) 0.85
WSES guidelines for management of Clostridium difficile infection in surgical patients. World J Emerg Surg (2015) 0.85
Immune-based treatment and prevention of Clostridium difficile infection. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2014) 0.84
The roles of host and pathogen factors and the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of Clostridium difficile infection. Mol Immunol (2014) 0.81
Masking autoprocessing of Clostridium difficile toxin A by the C-terminus combined repetitive oligo peptides. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2015) 0.79
Disease progression and resolution in rodent models of Clostridium difficile infection and impact of antitoxin antibodies and vancomycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2016) 0.79
Infectious causes of necrotizing enterocolitis. Clin Perinatol (2014) 0.79
Reactive Oxygen Species as Additional Determinants for Cytotoxicity of Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B. Toxins (Basel) (2016) 0.77
Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B: Insights into Pathogenic Properties and Extraintestinal Effects. Toxins (Basel) (2016) 0.77
A chimeric protein comprising the glucosyltransferase and cysteine proteinase domains of toxin B and the receptor binding domain of toxin A induces protective immunity against Clostridium difficile infection in mice and hamsters. Hum Vaccin Immunother (2015) 0.77
Biochemical and Immunological Characterization of Truncated Fragments of the Receptor-Binding Domains of C. difficile Toxin A. PLoS One (2015) 0.77
A genetic switch controls the production of flagella and toxins in Clostridium difficile. PLoS Genet (2017) 0.75
Therapeutic manipulation of the microbiota: past, present, and considerations for the future. Clin Microbiol Infect (2016) 0.75
Glucosylation Drives the Innate Inflammatory Response to Clostridium difficile Toxin A. Infect Immun (2016) 0.75
Homogeneous and digital proximity ligation assays for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Biomol Detect Quantif (2016) 0.75
Intrinsic Toxin-Derived Peptides Destabilize and Inactivate Clostridium difficile TcdB. MBio (2017) 0.75
Recombinant Mucin-Type Fusion Proteins with a Galα1,3Gal Substitution as Clostridium difficile Toxin A Inhibitors. Infect Immun (2016) 0.75
Use of a neutralizing antibody helps identify structural features critical for binding of Clostridium difficile toxin TcdA to the host cell surface. J Biol Chem (2017) 0.75
Development of a subunit vaccine for prevention of Clostridium difficile associated diseases: Biophysical characterization of toxoids A and B. Biochem Biophys Rep (2017) 0.75
ESPript: analysis of multiple sequence alignments in PostScript. Bioinformatics (1999) 21.85
An epidemic, toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med (2005) 18.10
Toxin production by an emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with outbreaks of severe disease in North America and Europe. Lancet (2005) 12.54
Clostridium difficile--more difficult than ever. N Engl J Med (2008) 12.12
Clostridium difficile colitis. N Engl J Med (1994) 9.31
Rho GTPases and their effector proteins. Biochem J (2000) 8.89
The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome. Nat Genet (2006) 8.02
Clostridium difficile: its disease and toxins. Clin Microbiol Rev (1988) 7.26
Health care costs and mortality associated with nosocomial diarrhea due to Clostridium difficile. Clin Infect Dis (2001) 6.92
Glucosylation of Rho proteins by Clostridium difficile toxin B. Nature (1995) 6.08
Toxin B is essential for virulence of Clostridium difficile. Nature (2009) 5.49
Effects of Clostridium difficile toxins given intragastrically to animals. Infect Immun (1985) 5.44
Recommendations for surveillance of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2007) 5.37
The role of toxin A and toxin B in Clostridium difficile infection. Nature (2010) 5.32
Biological activities of toxins A and B of Clostridium difficile. Infect Immun (1982) 4.62
Increase in Clostridium difficile-related mortality rates, United States, 1999-2004. Emerg Infect Dis (2007) 4.61
Association between antibody response to toxin A and protection against recurrent Clostridium difficile diarrhoea. Lancet (2001) 4.59
Comparative genome and phenotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile 027 strains provides insight into the evolution of a hypervirulent bacterium. Genome Biol (2009) 3.66
A mouse model of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Gastroenterology (2008) 3.65
Actin-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase produced by a Clostridium difficile strain. Infect Immun (1988) 3.11
Comparative phylogenomics of Clostridium difficile reveals clade specificity and microevolution of hypervirulent strains. J Bacteriol (2006) 3.05
Clostridium difficile toxin B is more potent than toxin A in damaging human colonic epithelium in vitro. J Clin Invest (1995) 2.91
Cell surface binding site for Clostridium difficile enterotoxin: evidence for a glycoconjugate containing the sequence Gal alpha 1-3Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc. Infect Immun (1986) 2.89
Construction and analysis of chromosomal Clostridium difficile mutants. Mol Microbiol (2006) 2.65
Clostridium difficile: history of its role as an enteric pathogen and the current state of knowledge about the organism. Clin Infect Dis (1994) 2.51
Production of a complete binary toxin (actin-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase) by Clostridium difficile CD196. Infect Immun (1997) 2.42
Clindamycin-associated colitis. JAMA (1973) 2.32
Human hypervirulent Clostridium difficile strains exhibit increased sporulation as well as robust toxin production. J Bacteriol (2010) 2.29
Auto-catalytic cleavage of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B depends on cysteine protease activity. J Biol Chem (2007) 2.11
Autocatalytic cleavage of Clostridium difficile toxin B. Nature (2007) 2.11
Human monoclonal antibodies directed against toxins A and B prevent Clostridium difficile-induced mortality in hamsters. Infect Immun (2006) 2.09
Comparative sequence analysis of the Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Mol Gen Genet (1992) 2.00
Binary toxin-producing, large clostridial toxin-negative Clostridium difficile strains are enterotoxic but do not cause disease in hamsters. J Infect Dis (2006) 1.99
Increased sporulation rate of epidemic Clostridium difficile Type 027/NAP1. J Clin Microbiol (2008) 1.98
Bacterial cytotoxins: targeting eukaryotic switches. Nat Rev Microbiol (2005) 1.98
Effect of toxin A and B of Clostridium difficile on rabbit ileum and colon. Gut (1986) 1.93
Clostridium difficile toxin B is an inflammatory enterotoxin in human intestine. Gastroenterology (2003) 1.91
Differential effects of Clostridium difficile toxins on tissue-cultured cells. J Clin Microbiol (1982) 1.87
Localization of the glucosyltransferase activity of Clostridium difficile toxin B to the N-terminal part of the holotoxin. J Biol Chem (1997) 1.83
Closing in on the toxic domain through analysis of a variant Clostridium difficile cytotoxin B. Mol Microbiol (1995) 1.81
Evidence for a modular structure of the homologous repetitive C-terminal carbohydrate-binding sites of Clostridium difficile toxins and Streptococcus mutans glucosyltransferases. J Bacteriol (1992) 1.80
pH-induced conformational changes in Clostridium difficile toxin B. Infect Immun (2000) 1.75
Bacterial toxins that target Rho proteins. J Clin Invest (1997) 1.69
Autoprocessing of the Vibrio cholerae RTX toxin by the cysteine protease domain. EMBO J (2007) 1.69
Human antibody response to Clostridium difficile toxin A in relation to clinical course of infection. Infect Immun (1994) 1.68
Small molecule-induced allosteric activation of the Vibrio cholerae RTX cysteine protease domain. Science (2008) 1.67
Clinical features of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea due to binary toxin (actin-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase)-producing strains. J Med Microbiol (2005) 1.67
Toxin A of Clostridium difficile is a potent cytotoxin. J Clin Microbiol (1990) 1.65
Characterization of a cell surface protein of Clostridium difficile with adhesive properties. Infect Immun (2001) 1.64
Purification and characterisation of toxin B from a strain of Clostridium difficile that does not produce toxin A. J Med Microbiol (1991) 1.63
Specificity in Ras and Rap signaling. J Biol Chem (2008) 1.62
Rational design of inhibitors and activity-based probes targeting Clostridium difficile virulence factor TcdB. Chem Biol (2010) 1.60
Toxin gene analysis of a variant strain of Clostridium difficile that causes human clinical disease. Infect Immun (2000) 1.60
A novel cytotoxin from Clostridium difficile serogroup F is a functional hybrid between two other large clostridial cytotoxins. J Biol Chem (1999) 1.58
Comparative analysis of BI/NAP1/027 hypervirulent strains reveals novel toxin B-encoding gene (tcdB) sequences. J Med Microbiol (2008) 1.54
Low pH-induced formation of ion channels by clostridium difficile toxin B in target cells. J Biol Chem (2001) 1.49
Clostridial glucosylating toxins enter cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. PLoS One (2010) 1.47
Structural basis for the function of Clostridium difficile toxin B. J Mol Biol (2005) 1.46
A novel toxin homologous to large clostridial cytotoxins found in culture supernatant of Clostridium perfringens type C. Microbiology (2007) 1.46
Cellular uptake of Clostridium difficile toxin B. Translocation of the N-terminal catalytic domain into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. J Biol Chem (2003) 1.45
Structural organization of the functional domains of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.44
Glucosylation and ADP ribosylation of rho proteins: effects on nucleotide binding, GTPase activity, and effector coupling. Biochemistry (1998) 1.44
Toxin A of Clostridium difficile binds to the human carbohydrate antigens I, X, and Y. Infect Immun (1991) 1.44
Active and passive immunization against Clostridium difficile diarrhea and colitis. Vaccine (2004) 1.44
Structural and molecular mechanism for autoprocessing of MARTX toxin of Vibrio cholerae at multiple sites. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.41
Characterization of the cleavage site and function of resulting cleavage fragments after limited proteolysis of Clostridium difficile toxin B (TcdB) by host cells. Microbiology (2005) 1.40
Purification and characterization of Clostridium sordellii hemorrhagic toxin and cross-reactivity with Clostridium difficile toxin A (enterotoxin). Infect Immun (1988) 1.40
Toxins A and B from Clostridium difficile differ with respect to enzymatic potencies, cellular substrate specificities, and surface binding to cultured cells. J Clin Invest (1997) 1.39
Structure-function analysis of inositol hexakisphosphate-induced autoprocessing in Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.39
Monocytic cell necrosis is mediated by potassium depletion and caspase-like proteases. Am J Physiol (1999) 1.36
Rho-glucosylating Clostridium difficile toxins A and B: new insights into structure and function. Glycobiology (2007) 1.35
Crystal structure of receptor-binding C-terminal repeats from Clostridium difficile toxin A. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.35
Structure-function analysis of inositol hexakisphosphate-induced autoprocessing of the Vibrio cholerae multifunctional autoprocessing RTX toxin. J Biol Chem (2008) 1.34
Identification of a conserved membrane localization domain within numerous large bacterial protein toxins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.33
Cholesterol-dependent pore formation of Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Biol Chem (2006) 1.32
Binary toxin producing Clostridium difficile strains. Anaerobe (2003) 1.32
gp96 is a human colonocyte plasma membrane binding protein for Clostridium difficile toxin A. Infect Immun (2008) 1.30
Structural determinants for membrane insertion, pore formation and translocation of Clostridium difficile toxin B. Mol Microbiol (2011) 1.30
Clostridium difficile toxins: more than mere inhibitors of Rho proteins. Int J Biochem Cell Biol (2008) 1.27
Rho protein inactivation induced apoptosis of cultured human endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (2002) 1.26
Variations in TcdB activity and the hypervirulence of emerging strains of Clostridium difficile. PLoS Pathog (2010) 1.26
Rabbit sucrase-isomaltase contains a functional intestinal receptor for Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Clin Invest (1996) 1.26
Characterization of flagella of Clostridium difficile and their role in serogrouping reactions. J Clin Microbiol (1990) 1.26
Clostridium difficile toxin A-induced colonocyte apoptosis involves p53-dependent p21(WAF1/CIP1) induction via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Gastroenterology (2005) 1.25
Clostridium difficile toxin B activates dual caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis in intoxicated cells. Cell Microbiol (2002) 1.25
Virulence factors of Clostridium difficile. Rev Infect Dis (1990) 1.24
Clostridium difficile glucosyltransferase toxin B-essential amino acids for substrate binding. J Biol Chem (2007) 1.23
Variant toxin B and a functional toxin A produced by Clostridium difficile C34. FEMS Microbiol Lett (2001) 1.22
Carbohydrate recognition by Clostridium difficile toxin A. Nat Struct Mol Biol (2006) 1.22
Molecular and genomic analysis of genes encoding surface-anchored proteins from Clostridium difficile. Infect Immun (2001) 1.20
Inositol hexakisphosphate-induced autoprocessing of large bacterial protein toxins. PLoS Pathog (2010) 1.17
Varying rates of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea at prevention epicenter hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2005) 1.17
Four distinct structural domains in Clostridium difficile toxin B visualized using SAXS. J Mol Biol (2010) 1.15
Monoglucosylation of low-molecular-mass GTP-binding Rho proteins by clostridial cytotoxins. Trends Cell Biol (1995) 1.14
Mutagenesis of the Clostridium difficile toxin B gene and effect on cytotoxic activity. Microb Pathog (1994) 1.14
The repetitive oligopeptide sequences modulate cytopathic potency but are not crucial for cellular uptake of Clostridium difficile toxin A. PLoS One (2011) 1.13
Monoglucosylation of RhoA at threonine 37 blocks cytosol-membrane cycling. J Biol Chem (1999) 1.12
Autoproteolytic cleavage mediates cytotoxicity of Clostridium difficile toxin A. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol (2010) 1.12
Outbreak of clindamycin-associated colitis. Ann Intern Med (1975) 1.12
A phenylalanine clamp catalyzes protein translocation through the anthrax toxin pore. Science (2005) 4.10
Binding stoichiometry and kinetics of the interaction of a human anthrax toxin receptor, CMG2, with protective antigen. J Biol Chem (2004) 2.57
Mapping the lethal factor and edema factor binding sites on oligomeric anthrax protective antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 2.51
The lethal and edema factors of anthrax toxin bind only to oligomeric forms of the protective antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 2.31
Staphylococcus aureus leukotoxin ED targets the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2 to kill leukocytes and promote infection. Cell Host Microbe (2013) 1.99
Mapping dominant-negative mutations of anthrax protective antigen by scanning mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.59
Crystal structure of the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin p55 domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 1.46
Structural organization of the functional domains of Clostridium difficile toxins A and B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.44
Structure-function analysis of inositol hexakisphosphate-induced autoprocessing in Clostridium difficile toxin A. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.39
Clostridium difficile Toxin B causes epithelial cell necrosis through an autoprocessing-independent mechanism. PLoS Pathog (2012) 1.34
Anthrax toxin receptor 2-dependent lethal toxin killing in vivo. PLoS Pathog (2006) 1.34
2001: a year of major advances in anthrax toxin research. Trends Microbiol (2002) 1.32
Structural determinants for the binding of anthrax lethal factor to oligomeric protective antigen. J Biol Chem (2005) 1.30
Botulinum neurotoxin devoid of receptor binding domain translocates active protease. PLoS Pathog (2008) 1.23
Anthrax toxin receptor 2 determinants that dictate the pH threshold of toxin pore formation. PLoS One (2007) 1.16
Molecular evolution of the Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin gene vacA. J Bacteriol (2010) 1.06
Molecular assembly of botulinum neurotoxin progenitor complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2013) 1.03
Clostridium difficile toxin B-induced necrosis is mediated by the host epithelial cell NADPH oxidase complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2013) 1.02
Structural determinants of Clostridium difficile toxin A glucosyltransferase activity. J Biol Chem (2012) 0.99
Identification of a crucial residue required for Staphylococcus aureus LukAB cytotoxicity and receptor recognition. Infect Immun (2013) 0.93
Helicobacter pylori VacA subdomain required for intracellular toxin activity and assembly of functional oligomeric complexes. Infect Immun (2008) 0.92
Translocation domain mutations affecting cellular toxicity identify the Clostridium difficile toxin B pore. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014) 0.92
Structural analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type G receptor binding . Biochemistry (2010) 0.90
Reconstitution of Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin from purified components. Biochemistry (2010) 0.87
Studies of the mechanistic details of the pH-dependent association of botulinum neurotoxin with membranes. J Biol Chem (2011) 0.83
Structural analysis of the oligomeric states of Helicobacter pylori VacA toxin. J Mol Biol (2012) 0.82
Analysis of a beta-helical region in the p55 domain of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin. BMC Microbiol (2010) 0.81
Identification of novel host-targeted compounds that protect from anthrax lethal toxin-induced cell death. ACS Chem Biol (2013) 0.77
Exploiting dominant-negative toxins to combat Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis. EMBO Rep (2016) 0.77
An integrated, high-throughput, multi-omics platform enables data-driven construction of cellular responses and reveals global drug mechanisms of action. J Proteome Res (2017) 0.75