LRRK2 pathobiology in Parkinson's disease.

Phosphoproteomics reveals that Parkinson's disease kinase LRRK2 regulates a subset of Rab GTPases. Elife (2016) 1.20

α-Synuclein-induced lysosomal dysfunction occurs through disruptions in protein trafficking in human midbrain synucleinopathy models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2016) 0.97

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. Exp Neurobiol (2015) 0.88

LRRK2: An Emerging New Molecule in the Enteric Neuronal System That Quantitatively Regulates Neuronal Peptides and IgA in the Gut. Dig Dis Sci (2017) 0.83

LRRK2 mutations and neurotoxicant susceptibility. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) (2015) 0.79

Extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative disease - pathogenesis to biomarkers. Nat Rev Neurol (2016) 0.79

LRRK2 G2019S transgenic mice display increased susceptibility to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-mediated neurotoxicity. J Chem Neuroanat (2016) 0.79

Selective neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurosci (2017) 0.79

CSF Nrf2 and HSPA8 in Parkinson's disease patients with and without LRRK2 gene mutations. J Neural Transm (Vienna) (2015) 0.77

Nutraceuticals in Parkinson's Disease. Neuromolecular Med (2016) 0.76

Inhibitor treatment of peripheral mononuclear cells from Parkinson's disease patients further validates LRRK2 dephosphorylation as a pharmacodynamic biomarker. Sci Rep (2016) 0.76

LRRK2 inhibitors and their potential in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: current perspectives. Clin Pharmacol (2016) 0.76

Decoding Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis: The Role of Deregulated mRNA Translation. J Parkinsons Dis (2016) 0.75

Rab GTPases: The Key Players in the Molecular Pathway of Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Neurosci (2017) 0.75

Regulation of LRRK2 promoter activity and gene expression by Sp1. Mol Brain (2016) 0.75

Age-dependent dopamine transporter dysfunction and Serine129 phospho-α-synuclein overload in G2019S LRRK2 mice. Acta Neuropathol Commun (2017) 0.75

68 and FX2149 Attenuate Mutant LRRK2-R1441C-Induced Neural Transport Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci (2017) 0.75

Overexpression of Parkinson's Disease-Associated Mutation LRRK2 G2019S in Mouse Forebrain Induces Behavioral Deficits and α-Synuclein Pathology. eNeuro (2017) 0.75

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) regulates α-synuclein clearance in microglia. BMC Neurosci (2016) 0.75

From the baker to the bedside: yeast models of Parkinson's disease. Microb Cell (2015) 0.75

Novel animal model defines genetic contributions for neuron-to-neuron transfer of α-synuclein. Sci Rep (2017) 0.75

Animal models of α-synucleinopathy for Parkinson disease drug development. Nat Rev Neurosci (2017) 0.75

Models of LRRK2-Associated Parkinson's Disease. Adv Neurobiol (2017) 0.75

Achieving neuroprotection with LRRK2 kinase inhibitors in Parkinson disease. Exp Neurol (2017) 0.75

The LRRK2 G2385R variant is a partial loss-of-function mutation that affects synaptic vesicle trafficking through altered protein interactions. Sci Rep (2017) 0.75

Mutations in LRRK2 cause autosomal-dominant parkinsonism with pleomorphic pathology. Neuron (2004) 14.35

Genome-wide association study reveals genetic risk underlying Parkinson's disease. Nat Genet (2009) 10.34

Genome-wide association study identifies common variants at four loci as genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease. Nat Genet (2009) 8.11

Phenotype, genotype, and worldwide genetic penetrance of LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease: a case-control study. Lancet Neurol (2008) 6.76

A unifying model for mTORC1-mediated regulation of mRNA translation. Nature (2012) 6.44

Long pre-mRNA depletion and RNA missplicing contribute to neuronal vulnerability from loss of TDP-43. Nat Neurosci (2011) 6.01

Kinase activity of mutant LRRK2 mediates neuronal toxicity. Nat Neurosci (2006) 5.32

Characterizing the RNA targets and position-dependent splicing regulation by TDP-43. Nat Neurosci (2011) 5.24

Parkinson's disease-associated mutations in LRRK2 link enhanced GTP-binding and kinase activities to neuronal toxicity. Hum Mol Genet (2007) 4.99

Lysosomal positioning coordinates cellular nutrient responses. Nat Cell Biol (2011) 4.96

RAB7L1 interacts with LRRK2 to modify intraneuronal protein sorting and Parkinson's disease risk. Neuron (2013) 4.67

The familial Parkinsonism gene LRRK2 regulates neurite process morphology. Neuron (2006) 4.51

Inhibitors of leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 protect against models of Parkinson's disease. Nat Med (2010) 4.45

LRRK2 phosphorylates moesin at threonine-558: characterization of how Parkinson's disease mutants affect kinase activity. Biochem J (2007) 3.89

Role of autophagy in G2019S-LRRK2-associated neurite shortening in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. J Neurochem (2008) 3.86

LRRK2 mutant iPSC-derived DA neurons demonstrate increased susceptibility to oxidative stress. Cell Stem Cell (2011) 3.78

Phosphorylation of 4E-BP by LRRK2 affects the maintenance of dopaminergic neurons in Drosophila. EMBO J (2008) 3.51

Pathogenic LRRK2 negatively regulates microRNA-mediated translational repression. Nature (2010) 3.41

Mutant LRRK2(R1441G) BAC transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of Parkinson's disease. Nat Neurosci (2009) 3.24

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 regulates the progression of neuropathology induced by Parkinson's-disease-related mutant alpha-synuclein. Neuron (2009) 3.15

Biochemical and pathological characterization of Lrrk2. Ann Neurol (2006) 3.14

Autism-related deficits via dysregulated eIF4E-dependent translational control. Nature (2012) 3.13

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) interacts with parkin, and mutant LRRK2 induces neuronal degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 3.00

Divergent roles of ALS-linked proteins FUS/TLS and TDP-43 intersect in processing long pre-mRNAs. Nat Neurosci (2012) 2.93

The Parkinson disease-associated leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a dimer that undergoes intramolecular autophosphorylation. J Biol Chem (2008) 2.77

GTP binding is essential to the protein kinase activity of LRRK2, a causative gene product for familial Parkinson's disease. Biochemistry (2007) 2.71

Ribosomal protein s15 phosphorylation mediates LRRK2 neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Cell (2014) 2.63

LRRK2 regulates autophagic activity and localizes to specific membrane microdomains in a novel human genomic reporter cellular model. Hum Mol Genet (2009) 2.55

LRRK2 controls an EndoA phosphorylation cycle in synaptic endocytosis. Neuron (2012) 2.49

The kinase LRRK2 is a regulator of the transcription factor NFAT that modulates the severity of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Immunol (2011) 2.42

Phosphorylation of ezrin/radixin/moesin proteins by LRRK2 promotes the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton in neuronal morphogenesis. J Neurosci (2009) 2.36

Rapamycin activation of 4E-BP prevents parkinsonian dopaminergic neuron loss. Nat Neurosci (2009) 2.35

Loss of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 causes impairment of protein degradation pathways, accumulation of alpha-synuclein, and apoptotic cell death in aged mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 2.34

R1441C mutation in LRRK2 impairs dopaminergic neurotransmission in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 2.28

Genetic correction of a LRRK2 mutation in human iPSCs links parkinsonian neurodegeneration to ERK-dependent changes in gene expression. Cell Stem Cell (2013) 2.22

Enhanced striatal dopamine transmission and motor performance with LRRK2 overexpression in mice is eliminated by familial Parkinson's disease mutation G2019S. J Neurosci (2010) 2.20

The pathophysiology of fragile X (and what it teaches us about synapses). Annu Rev Neurosci (2012) 2.16

A Drosophila model for LRRK2-linked parkinsonism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008) 2.12

Disrupted autophagy leads to dopaminergic axon and dendrite degeneration and promotes presynaptic accumulation of α-synuclein and LRRK2 in the brain. J Neurosci (2012) 2.06

Lrrk2 and Lewy body disease. Ann Neurol (2006) 2.00

Translation initiator EIF4G1 mutations in familial Parkinson disease. Am J Hum Genet (2011) 2.00

Interplay of LRRK2 with chaperone-mediated autophagy. Nat Neurosci (2013) 1.88

Parkinsonism, Lrrk2 G2019S, and tau neuropathology. Neurology (2006) 1.81

Dependence of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) kinase activity on dimerization. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.79

Whole exome sequencing of rare variants in EIF4G1 and VPS35 in Parkinson disease. Neurology (2013) 1.78

The Parkinson's disease kinase LRRK2 autophosphorylates its GTPase domain at multiple sites. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (2009) 1.67

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 associates with lipid rafts. Hum Mol Genet (2007) 1.65

LRRK2 modulates vulnerability to mitochondrial dysfunction in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Neurosci (2009) 1.64

GTPase activity plays a key role in the pathobiology of LRRK2. PLoS Genet (2010) 1.63

Structure of the Roc-COR domain tandem of C. tepidum, a prokaryotic homologue of the human LRRK2 Parkinson kinase. EMBO J (2008) 1.62

Impaired dopaminergic neurotransmission and microtubule-associated protein tau alterations in human LRRK2 transgenic mice. Neurobiol Dis (2010) 1.60

Dynamic and redundant regulation of LRRK2 and LRRK1 expression. BMC Neurosci (2007) 1.59

LRRK2 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and function through direct interaction with DLP1. Hum Mol Genet (2012) 1.56

Unbiased screen for interactors of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 supports a common pathway for sporadic and familial Parkinson disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014) 1.53

LRRK2 protein levels are determined by kinase function and are crucial for kidney and lung homeostasis in mice. Hum Mol Genet (2011) 1.52

Principles of translational control: an overview. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol (2012) 1.51

Roles of the Drosophila LRRK2 homolog in Rab7-dependent lysosomal positioning. Hum Mol Genet (2011) 1.49

Inhibition of excessive mitochondrial fission reduced aberrant autophagy and neuronal damage caused by LRRK2 G2019S mutation. Hum Mol Genet (2013) 1.47

Membrane localization of LRRK2 is associated with increased formation of the highly active LRRK2 dimer and changes in its phosphorylation. Biochemistry (2010) 1.47

LRRK2: a common pathway for parkinsonism, pathogenesis and prevention? Trends Mol Med (2006) 1.44

Autophosphorylation in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) GTPase domain modifies kinase and GTP-binding activities. J Mol Biol (2011) 1.42

Homo- and heterodimerization of ROCO kinases: LRRK2 kinase inhibition by the LRRK2 ROCO fragment. J Neurochem (2009) 1.42

Loss of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 causes age-dependent bi-phasic alterations of the autophagy pathway. Mol Neurodegener (2012) 1.34

The WD40 domain is required for LRRK2 neurotoxicity. PLoS One (2009) 1.32

GTPase activity and neuronal toxicity of Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 is regulated by ArfGAP1. PLoS Genet (2012) 1.29

Developmental regulation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 and 2 expression in the brain and other rodent and human organs: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience (2008) 1.26

A rat model of progressive nigral neurodegeneration induced by the Parkinson's disease-associated G2019S mutation in LRRK2. J Neurosci (2011) 1.25

LRRK2 regulates synaptogenesis and dopamine receptor activation through modulation of PKA activity. Nat Neurosci (2014) 1.24

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 G2385R variant is a risk factor for Parkinson disease in Asian population. Neuroreport (2007) 1.23

Brain Penetrant LRRK2 Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett (2012) 1.22

Leucine-rich repeat kinase LRRK1 regulates endosomal trafficking of the EGF receptor. Nat Commun (2011) 1.22

Inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase attenuate neurodegeneration and Parkinson-like phenotypes in Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila Parkinson's disease models. Hum Mol Genet (2011) 1.21

Regulation of autophagy by lysosomal positioning. Autophagy (2011) 1.19

LRRK2 kinase activity is dependent on LRRK2 GTP binding capacity but independent of LRRK2 GTP binding. PLoS One (2011) 1.19

Kinetic mechanistic studies of wild-type leucine-rich repeat kinase 2: characterization of the kinase and GTPase activities. Biochemistry (2010) 1.17

ArfGAP1 is a GTPase activating protein for LRRK2: reciprocal regulation of ArfGAP1 by LRRK2. J Neurosci (2012) 1.13

The G2385R variant of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 associated with Parkinson's disease is a partial loss-of-function mutation. Biochem J (2012) 1.11

Neurodegenerative phenotypes in an A53T α-synuclein transgenic mouse model are independent of LRRK2. Hum Mol Genet (2012) 1.10

Biochemical characterization of highly purified leucine-rich repeat kinases 1 and 2 demonstrates formation of homodimers. PLoS One (2012) 1.09

Mutant LRRK2 toxicity in neurons depends on LRRK2 levels and synuclein but not kinase activity or inclusion bodies. J Neurosci (2014) 1.08

Chromosomal amplification of leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 (LRRK2) is required for oncogenic MET signaling in papillary renal and thyroid carcinomas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.05

Parkinson disease-associated mutation R1441H in LRRK2 prolongs the "active state" of its GTPase domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014) 1.05

Abrogation of α-synuclein-mediated dopaminergic neurodegeneration in LRRK2-deficient rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014) 1.03

Phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 in the mammalian brain is not altered by LRRK2 expression or pathogenic mutations. PLoS One (2012) 0.99

GTPase activity regulates kinase activity and cellular phenotypes of Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2. Hum Mol Genet (2012) 0.99

Interaction of elongation factor 1-alpha with leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 impairs kinase activity and microtubule bundling in vitro. Neuroscience (2009) 0.99

ARHGEF7 (Beta-PIX) acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor for leucine-rich repeat kinase 2. PLoS One (2010) 0.98

Development and characterization of a new Parkinson's disease model resulting from impaired autophagy. J Neurosci (2012) 0.97

LRRK2 G2019S mutations are associated with an increased cancer risk in Parkinson disease. Mov Disord (2010) 0.96

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 1: a paralog of LRRK2 and a candidate gene for Parkinson's disease. Neurogenetics (2007) 0.96

A common genetic factor for Parkinson disease in ethnic Chinese population in Taiwan. BMC Neurol (2006) 0.96

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 disturbs mitochondrial dynamics via Dynamin-like protein. J Neurochem (2012) 0.95

Functional interaction of Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 with members of the dynamin GTPase superfamily. Hum Mol Genet (2013) 0.92

Variants in the LRRK1 gene and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease in Norway. Neurosci Lett (2007) 0.87

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 for beginners: six key questions. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med (2012) 0.86

Kinetic, mechanistic, and structural modeling studies of truncated wild-type leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 and the G2019S mutant. Biochemistry (2011) 0.85

Heterodimerization of Lrrk1-Lrrk2: Implications for LRRK2-associated Parkinson disease. Mech Ageing Dev (2010) 0.85

Transcriptional responses to loss or gain of function of the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene uncover biological processes modulated by LRRK2 activity. Hum Mol Genet (2011) 0.84

The Parkinson disease-linked LRRK2 protein mutation I2020T stabilizes an active state conformation leading to increased kinase activity. J Biol Chem (2014) 0.82

The I2020T Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 transgenic mouse exhibits impaired locomotive ability accompanied by dopaminergic neuron abnormalities. Mol Neurodegener (2012) 0.82

Mediation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1-dependent cell death by apoptosis-inducing factor. Science (2002) 8.41

PINK1-dependent recruitment of Parkin to mitochondria in mitophagy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 8.25

Molecular pathways of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Science (2003) 7.55

Parkinson's disease-associated mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 augment kinase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 6.98

Molecular pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Annu Rev Neurosci (2005) 5.93

Kinase activity of mutant LRRK2 mediates neuronal toxicity. Nat Neurosci (2006) 5.32

Parkinson's disease-associated mutations in LRRK2 link enhanced GTP-binding and kinase activities to neuronal toxicity. Hum Mol Genet (2007) 4.99

S-nitrosylation of parkin regulates ubiquitination and compromises parkin's protective function. Science (2004) 4.97

Inhibitors of leucine-rich repeat kinase-2 protect against models of Parkinson's disease. Nat Med (2010) 4.45

PARIS (ZNF746) repression of PGC-1α contributes to neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. Cell (2011) 4.00

Parkin mediates nonclassical, proteasomal-independent ubiquitination of synphilin-1: implications for Lewy body formation. J Neurosci (2005) 3.92

Genetic animal models of Parkinson's disease. Neuron (2010) 3.86

Localization of LRRK2 to membranous and vesicular structures in mammalian brain. Ann Neurol (2006) 3.72

Apoptosis-inducing factor mediates poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer-induced cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 3.47

Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer is a death signal. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 3.41

Human alpha-synuclein-harboring familial Parkinson's disease-linked Ala-53 --> Thr mutation causes neurodegenerative disease with alpha-synuclein aggregation in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 3.33

CHIP and Hsp70 regulate tau ubiquitination, degradation and aggregation. Hum Mol Genet (2004) 3.12

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) interacts with parkin, and mutant LRRK2 induces neuronal degeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 3.00

DJ-1 gene deletion reveals that DJ-1 is an atypical peroxiredoxin-like peroxidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 2.87

Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: molecules to medicine. J Clin Invest (2006) 2.86

A hierarchical NGF signaling cascade controls Ret-dependent and Ret-independent events during development of nonpeptidergic DRG neurons. Neuron (2007) 2.83

Mitochondrial localization of the Parkinson's disease related protein DJ-1: implications for pathogenesis. Hum Mol Genet (2005) 2.72

Proteome-wide identification of poly(ADP-ribose) binding proteins and poly(ADP-ribose)-associated protein complexes. Nucleic Acids Res (2008) 2.70

Nitric oxide-induced nuclear GAPDH activates p300/CBP and mediates apoptosis. Nat Cell Biol (2008) 2.56

Role of AIF in caspase-dependent and caspase-independent cell death. Oncogene (2004) 2.52

Parkin protects against LRRK2 G2019S mutant-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Drosophila. J Neurosci (2009) 2.47

Apoptosis-inducing factor is involved in the regulation of caspase-independent neuronal cell death. J Cell Biol (2002) 2.47

Aggregation promoting C-terminal truncation of alpha-synuclein is a normal cellular process and is enhanced by the familial Parkinson's disease-linked mutations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 2.45

Lysine 63-linked ubiquitination promotes the formation and autophagic clearance of protein inclusions associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Hum Mol Genet (2007) 2.44

Recent advances in the genetics of Parkinson's disease. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet (2011) 2.29

Novel monoclonal antibodies demonstrate biochemical variation of brain parkin with age. J Biol Chem (2003) 2.26

Poly(ADP-ribose) signals to mitochondrial AIF: a key event in parthanatos. Exp Neurol (2009) 2.24

Understanding microRNAs in neurodegeneration. Nat Rev Neurosci (2009) 2.22

Meta-analysis of Parkinson's disease: identification of a novel locus, RIT2. Ann Neurol (2012) 2.20

Failure to degrade poly(ADP-ribose) causes increased sensitivity to cytotoxicity and early embryonic lethality. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2004) 2.20

Apoptosis-inducing factor substitutes for caspase executioners in NMDA-triggered excitotoxic neuronal death. J Neurosci (2004) 2.17

Familial-associated mutations differentially disrupt the solubility, localization, binding and ubiquitination properties of parkin. Hum Mol Genet (2005) 2.11

Accumulation of the authentic parkin substrate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase cofactor, p38/JTV-1, leads to catecholaminergic cell death. J Neurosci (2005) 2.06

Association of DJ-1 and parkin mediated by pathogenic DJ-1 mutations and oxidative stress. Hum Mol Genet (2004) 2.02

Loss of locus coeruleus neurons and reduced startle in parkin null mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2004) 1.99

Pharmacological rescue of mitochondrial deficits in iPSC-derived neural cells from patients with familial Parkinson's disease. Sci Transl Med (2012) 1.99

Parkin-mediated lysine 63-linked polyubiquitination: a link to protein inclusions formation in Parkinson's and other conformational diseases? Neurobiol Aging (2005) 1.96

Nuclear and mitochondrial conversations in cell death: PARP-1 and AIF signaling. Trends Pharmacol Sci (2004) 1.95

Dopaminergic neuronal loss, reduced neurite complexity and autophagic abnormalities in transgenic mice expressing G2019S mutant LRRK2. PLoS One (2011) 1.93

Endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial cell death pathways mediate A53T mutant alpha-synuclein-induced toxicity. Hum Mol Genet (2005) 1.92

The role of parkin in familial and sporadic Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord (2010) 1.90

The chaperone activity of heat shock protein 90 is critical for maintaining the stability of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2. J Neurosci (2008) 1.86

A missense mutation (L166P) in DJ-1, linked to familial Parkinson's disease, confers reduced protein stability and impairs homo-oligomerization. J Neurochem (2003) 1.82

Phosphorylation by the c-Abl protein tyrosine kinase inhibits parkin's ubiquitination and protective function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.81

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signaling network is modulated by a novel poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent pathway in the early response to DNA-damaging agents. J Biol Chem (2007) 1.80

Role of nitric oxide in Parkinson's disease. Pharmacol Ther (2005) 1.77

PARP-1 gene disruption in mice preferentially protects males from perinatal brain injury. J Neurochem (2004) 1.76

Alpha-synuclein phosphorylation enhances eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion formation in SH-SY5Y cells. J Neurosci (2005) 1.75

A nitric oxide signaling pathway controls CREB-mediated gene expression in neurons. Mol Cell (2006) 1.75

Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) binding to apoptosis-inducing factor is critical for PAR polymerase-1-dependent cell death (parthanatos). Sci Signal (2011) 1.73