Efflux of chloroquine from Plasmodium falciparum: mechanism of chloroquine resistance.

PubWeight™: 3.25‹?› | Rank: Top 1%

🔗 View Article (PMID 3317830)

Published in Science on November 27, 1987

Authors

D J Krogstad1, I Y Gluzman, D E Kyle, A M Oduola, S K Martin, W K Milhous, P H Schlesinger

Author Affiliations

1: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.

Articles citing this

Chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites conferred by pfcrt mutations. Science (2002) 6.19

Active efflux mechanisms for antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1992) 4.82

Selection for mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is linked to amplification of the pfmdr1 gene and cross-resistance to halofantrine and quinine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 3.45

History, dynamics, and public health importance of malaria parasite resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev (2004) 3.40

On the molecular mechanism of chloroquine's antimalarial action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 3.29

A P-glycoprotein homologue of Plasmodium falciparum is localized on the digestive vacuole. J Cell Biol (1991) 2.68

Genetic mapping of the chloroquine-resistance locus on Plasmodium falciparum chromosome 7. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 2.49

Simple in vitro assay for determining the sensitivity of Plasmodium vivax isolates from fresh human blood to antimalarials in areas where P. vivax is endemic. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2003) 2.26

Transporters involved in resistance to antimalarial drugs. Trends Pharmacol Sci (2006) 2.09

Selection for high-level chloroquine resistance results in deamplification of the pfmdr1 gene and increased sensitivity to mefloquine in Plasmodium falciparum. EMBO J (1992) 2.09

A critical role for PfCRT K76T in Plasmodium falciparum verapamil-reversible chloroquine resistance. EMBO J (2005) 2.09

Molecular characterization and inhibition of a Plasmodium falciparum aspartic hemoglobinase. EMBO J (1994) 2.00

Amplification of the multidrug resistance gene pfmdr1 in Plasmodium falciparum has arisen as multiple independent events. Mol Cell Biol (1991) 1.85

Cloning by gene amplification of two loci conferring multiple drug resistance in Saccharomyces. Genetics (1990) 1.63

Polymorphism in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance transporter protein links verapamil enhancement of chloroquine sensitivity with the clinical efficacy of amodiaquine. Malar J (2003) 1.51

Malaria chemoprophylaxis among European tourists in tropical Africa: use, adverse reactions, and efficacy. Bull World Health Organ (1990) 1.45

Cellular uptake of chloroquine is dependent on binding to ferriprotoporphyrin IX and is independent of NHE activity in Plasmodium falciparum. J Cell Biol (1999) 1.44

Chloroquine susceptibility and reversibility in a Plasmodium falciparum genetic cross. Mol Microbiol (2010) 1.42

Genome-wide compensatory changes accompany drug- selected mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum crt gene. PLoS One (2008) 1.36

Discovery of dual function acridones as a new antimalarial chemotype. Nature (2009) 1.36

PfCRT and the trans-vacuolar proton electrochemical gradient: regulating the access of chloroquine to ferriprotoporphyrin IX. Mol Microbiol (2006) 1.33

Differential stimulation of the Na+/H+ exchanger determines chloroquine uptake in Plasmodium falciparum. J Cell Biol (1998) 1.31

The relationship of physico-chemical properties and structure to the differential antiplasmodial activity of the cinchona alkaloids. Malar J (2003) 1.28

Multidrug resistance in Leishmania donovani is conferred by amplification of a gene homologous to the mammalian mdr1 gene. Mol Cell Biol (1992) 1.27

Parallel synthesis and antimalarial screening of a 4-aminoquinoline library. J Comb Chem (2004) 1.23

Status of antimalarial drugs under development. Bull World Health Organ (1995) 1.22

Dictyostelium discoideum expresses a malaria chloroquine resistance mechanism upon transfection with mutant, but not wild-type, Plasmodium falciparum transporter PfCRT. J Biol Chem (2005) 1.22

PfCRT-mediated drug transport in malarial parasites. Biochemistry (2010) 1.21

Enhanced antimalarial effects of chloroquine by aqueous Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract in mice infected with chloroquine resistant and sensitive Plasmodium berghei strains. Afr Health Sci (2008) 1.18

A chloroquine-like molecule designed to reverse resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. J Med Chem (2006) 1.13

Chloroquine transport in Plasmodium falciparum. 2. Analysis of PfCRT-mediated drug transport using proteoliposomes and a fluorescent chloroquine probe. Biochemistry (2009) 1.12

Parasite-regulated membrane transport processes and metabolic control in malaria-infected erythrocytes. Biochem J (1995) 1.11

Chloroquine clinical failures in P. falciparum malaria are associated with mutant Pfmdr-1, not Pfcrt in Madagascar. PLoS One (2010) 1.09

Antimalarial activities of oligodeoxynucleotide phosphorothioates in chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 1.07

Specific inhibition of the plasmodial surface anion channel by dantrolene. Eukaryot Cell (2006) 1.07

No variation in the prevalence of point mutations in the Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 genes in isolates from Gabonese patients with uncomplicated or severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Parasitol Res (2006) 1.05

Malaria drug resistance: new observations and developments. Essays Biochem (2011) 1.03

Diverse mutational pathways converge on saturable chloroquine transport via the malaria parasite's chloroquine resistance transporter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2014) 1.01

High-throughput matrix screening identifies synergistic and antagonistic antimalarial drug combinations. Sci Rep (2015) 1.01

Retracted The pfmdr1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum confers cellular resistance to antimalarial drugs in yeast cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.00

Molecular and physiologic basis of quinoline drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Future Microbiol (2009) 0.99

In vivo and in vitro antimalarial properties of azithromycin-chloroquine combinations that include the resistance reversal agent amlodipine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2011) 0.99

Differences in trans-stimulated chloroquine efflux kinetics are linked to PfCRT in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Microbiol (2007) 0.98

Relationship between chloroquine toxicity and iron acquisition in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2002) 0.98

Chloroquine resistance-conferring mutations in pfcrt give rise to a chloroquine-associated H+ leak from the malaria parasite's digestive vacuole. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2008) 0.95

Early home treatment of childhood fevers with ineffective antimalarials is deleterious in the outcome of severe malaria. Malar J (2008) 0.95

Microsatellite polymorphism within pfcrt provides evidence of continuing evolution of chloroquine-resistant alleles in Papua New Guinea. Malar J (2007) 0.94

In vitro antimalarial activity of a new organometallic analog, ferrocene-chloroquine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1998) 0.93

Functional complementation of the ste6 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with the pfmdr1 gene of Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 0.93

Evolution of the pfcrt T76 and pfmdr1 Y86 markers and chloroquine susceptibility 8 years after cessation of chloroquine use in Pikine, Senegal. Parasitol Res (2012) 0.92

Antimalarial agents: mechanism of chloroquine resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1988) 0.92

Synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and mode-of-action studies of antimalarial reversed chloroquine compounds. J Med Chem (2010) 0.91

Balancing drug resistance and growth rates via compensatory mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter. Mol Microbiol (2015) 0.90

Mutation in the Plasmodium falciparum CRT protein determines the stereospecific activity of antimalarial cinchona alkaloids. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2012) 0.90

Reversal agent and linker variants of reversed chloroquines: activities against Plasmodium falciparum. J Med Chem (2010) 0.90

Chloroquine transport in Plasmodium falciparum. 1. Influx and efflux kinetics for live trophozoite parasites using a novel fluorescent chloroquine probe. Biochemistry (2009) 0.89

Chloroquine Resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria: Relationship between pfcrt and pfmdr1 Polymorphisms, In-Vitro Resistance and Treatment Outcome. Open Trop Med J (2008) 0.88

Increased glycolytic ATP synthesis is associated with tafenoquine resistance in Leishmania major. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2011) 0.88

Investigation of the Plasmodium falciparum food vacuole through inducible expression of the chloroquine resistance transporter (PfCRT). PLoS One (2012) 0.87

In vitro and in vivo potentiation of chloroquine against malaria parasites by an enantiomer of amlodipine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1991) 0.87

On the mechanism of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. PLoS One (2010) 0.87

Expression of the plasmodial pfmdr1 gene in mammalian cells is associated with increased susceptibility to chloroquine. Mol Cell Biol (1994) 0.85

Manipulation of the N-alkyl substituent in amodiaquine to overcome the verapamil-sensitive chloroquine resistance component. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1996) 0.85

Xanthine oxidase inhibits growth of Plasmodium falciparum in human erythrocytes in vitro. J Clin Invest (1991) 0.84

4-aminoquinolines active against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum: basis of antiparasite activity and quantitative structure-activity relationship analyses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2011) 0.84

Human antiprotozoal therapy: past, present, and future. Clin Microbiol Rev (1995) 0.84

Assessment of three in vitro tests and an in vivo test for chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates. J Clin Microbiol (1998) 0.84

Differential drug efflux or accumulation does not explain variation in the chloroquine response of Plasmodium falciparum strains expressing the same isoform of mutant PfCRT. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2011) 0.83

Chemotherapy of drug-resistant malaria. Can J Infect Dis (1996) 0.83

Optimization of a multi-well colorimetric assay to determine haem species in Plasmodium falciparum in the presence of anti-malarials. Malar J (2015) 0.82

Potentiation of chloroquine activity against Plasmodium falciparum by the peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide system. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1990) 0.82

Novel 4-aminoquinoline analogs highly active against the blood and sexual stages of Plasmodium in vivo and in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2012) 0.82

Susceptibility of an emetine-resistant mutant of Entamoeba histolytica to multiple drugs and to channel blockers. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1992) 0.82

Drug-regulated expression of Plasmodium falciparum P-glycoprotein homologue 1: a putative role for nuclear receptors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2008) 0.80

Targeting Plasmodium falciparum Hsp90: Towards Reversing Antimalarial Resistance. Pathogens (2013) 0.80

Enhancement of drug susceptibility in Plasmodium falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium berghei in vivo by mixed-function oxidase inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1993) 0.80

In vitro increase in chloroquine accumulation induced by dihydroethano- and ethenoanthracene derivatives in Plasmodium falciparum-parasitized erythrocytes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2002) 0.80

Synthesis and evaluation of chirally defined side chain variants of 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline to overcome drug resistance in malaria chemotherapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2016) 0.80

Drug interactions in the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of malaria in HIV infected individuals in sub Saharan Africa. Curr Drug Metab (2011) 0.79

Genetics of chloroquine-resistant malaria: a haplotypic view. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz (2013) 0.78

Reversed chloroquine molecules as a strategy to overcome resistance in malaria. Curr Top Med Chem (2012) 0.78

Detection of RAPD markers correlated with chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Genome Res (1997) 0.77

Detection of the multidrug resistance marker P-glycoprotein by immunohistochemistry in malignant lung tumours. Thorax (1996) 0.77

A Variant PfCRT Isoform Can Contribute to Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to the First-Line Partner Drug Piperaquine. MBio (2017) 0.75

Are Antimalarial Hybrid Molecules a Close Reality or a Distant Dream? Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2017) 0.75

Deciphering the Resistance-Counteracting Functions of Ferroquine in Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes. ACS Med Chem Lett (2012) 0.75

Simplified Reversed Chloroquines To Overcome Malaria Resistance to Quinoline-Based Drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2017) 0.75

P-glycoprotein structure and evolutionary homologies. Cytotechnology (1998) 0.75

Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax demonstrate contrasting chloroquine resistance reversal phenotypes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2017) 0.75

Detecting mutations in PfCRT and PfMDR1 genes among Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Saudi Arabia by pyrosequencing. Parasitol Res (2011) 0.75

Articles by these authors

Lack of acidification in Mycobacterium phagosomes produced by exclusion of the vesicular proton-ATPase. Science (1994) 10.04

Receptor-mediated pinocytosis of mannose glycoconjugates by macrophages: characterization and evidence for receptor recycling. Cell (1980) 5.95

The epidemiology of malaria in a Karen population on the western border of Thailand. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1996) 5.35

Chloroquine resistance not linked to mdr-like genes in a Plasmodium falciparum cross. Nature (1990) 5.20

Evidence for receptor-mediated binding of glycoproteins, glycoconjugates, and lysosomal glycosidases by alveolar macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1978) 4.95

Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of SPf66 malaria vaccine in children in northwestern Thailand. Shoklo SPf66 Malaria Vaccine Trial Group. Lancet (1996) 4.90

Several alleles of the multidrug-resistance gene are closely linked to chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature (1990) 4.61

Reversal of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum by verapamil. Science (1987) 4.36

Pro-apoptotic cascade activates BID, which oligomerizes BAK or BAX into pores that result in the release of cytochrome c. Cell Death Differ (2000) 4.34

Molecular basis of differential resistance to cycloguanil and pyrimethamine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 3.98

Evidence for the shikimate pathway in apicomplexan parasites. Nature (1998) 3.60

BAX-dependent transport of cytochrome c reconstituted in pure liposomes. Nat Cell Biol (2000) 3.53

Cytokine activation leads to acidification and increases maturation of Mycobacterium avium-containing phagosomes in murine macrophages. J Immunol (1998) 3.36

Clinical studies of atovaquone, alone or in combination with other antimalarial drugs, for treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1996) 3.36

Cardiac effects of antimalarial treatment with halofantrine. Lancet (1993) 3.32

Plasmodium falciparum cross-resistance between trimethoprim and pyrimethamine. Lancet (2001) 3.30

On the molecular mechanism of chloroquine's antimalarial action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 3.29

Amplification of pfmdr 1 associated with mefloquine and halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand. Mol Biochem Parasitol (1993) 3.16

Isolation of the galactose-binding lectin that mediates the in vitro adherence of Entamoeba histolytica. J Clin Invest (1987) 3.16

A principal target of human immunity to malaria identified by molecular population genetic and immunological analyses. Nat Med (2000) 3.06

High recombination rate in natural populations of Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 3.03

Plasmodium hemozoin formation mediated by histidine-rich proteins. Science (1996) 2.78

Antimalarial drugs reduce cytoadherence and rosetting Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis (1996) 2.59

Clinical features cannot predict a diagnosis of malaria or differentiate the infecting species in children living in an area of low transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1998) 2.54

Mefloquine pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models: implications for dosing and resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2000) 2.54

Plasmodium falciparum maturation abolishes physiologic red cell deformability. Science (1984) 2.51

Evolution of a unique Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistance phenotype in association with pfcrt polymorphism in Papua New Guinea and South America. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 2.41

Plasmodium falciparum: induction of resistance to mefloquine in cloned strains by continuous drug exposure in vitro. Exp Parasitol (1988) 2.29

Antimalarials increase vesicle pH in Plasmodium falciparum. J Cell Biol (1985) 2.27

Comparative bioavailability of oral, rectal, and intramuscular artemether in healthy subjects: use of simultaneous measurement by high performance liquid chromatography and bioassay. Br J Clin Pharmacol (1996) 2.19

Origin of Plasmodium falciparum malaria is traced by mitochondrial DNA. Mol Biochem Parasitol (2000) 2.12

In vitro activities of and mechanisms of resistance to antifol antimalarial drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1985) 2.07

A set of independent selectable markers for transfection of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 2.04

Molecular characterization and inhibition of a Plasmodium falciparum aspartic hemoglobinase. EMBO J (1994) 2.00

Reversal of chloroquine resistance in malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum by desipramine. Science (1988) 2.00

Co-ordinated programme of gene expression during asexual intraerythrocytic development of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum revealed by microarray analysis. Mol Microbiol (2001) 1.96

L-Fucose-terminated glycoconjugates are recognized by pinocytosis receptors on macrophages. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1981) 1.93

Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from the Amazon region of Brazil: evidence for quinine resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1998) 1.92

PS-15: a potent, orally active antimalarial from a new class of folic acid antagonists. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1993) 1.84

Histoplasma capsulatum modulates the acidification of phagolysosomes. J Exp Med (1993) 1.82

Retrospective biochemical screening of fatty acid oxidation disorders in postmortem livers of 418 cases of sudden death in the first year of life. J Pediatr (1998) 1.81

Plasma clearance of glycoproteins with terminal mannose and N-acetylglucosamine by liver non-parenchymal cells. Studies with beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, ribonuclease B and agalacto-orosomucoid. Biochem J (1978) 1.78

Association between mutations in Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter and P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 genes and in vivo amodiaquine resistance in P. falciparum malaria-infected children in Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2006) 1.75

Radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer: long-term results of 1,143 patients from a single institution. J Clin Oncol (1994) 1.75

The periurethral glands do not significantly influence the serum prostate specific antigen concentration. J Urol (1996) 1.73

Triclosan inhibits the growth of Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii by inhibition of apicomplexan Fab I. Int J Parasitol (2001) 1.72

Qualitative and semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction to predict Plasmodium falciparum treatment failure. J Infect Dis (1994) 1.61

Acid-vesicle function, intracellular pathogens, and the action of chloroquine against Plasmodium falciparum. N Engl J Med (1987) 1.60

Phagosome-lysosome fusion in P388D1 macrophages infected with Histoplasma capsulatum. J Leukoc Biol (1988) 1.58

The use of prostate-specific antigen in staging patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. JAMA (1993) 1.56

Structural diversity in the Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface antigen 2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.55

In vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to artesunate in Thailand. Bull World Health Organ (1999) 1.52

Bisphosphonates directly inhibit the bone resorption activity of isolated avian osteoclasts in vitro. J Clin Invest (1990) 1.52

Molecular analysis of Plasmodium falciparum recrudescent malaria infections in children treated with chloroquine in Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2004) 1.51

Anatomic site-specific positive margins in organ-confined prostate cancer and its impact on outcome after radical prostatectomy. Urology (1997) 1.50

Comparative pharmacokinetics and effect kinetics of orally administered artesunate in healthy volunteers and patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg (2001) 1.49

Structure-activity relationships of analogs of pentamidine against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania mexicana amazonensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1990) 1.49

Reduced in-vitro susceptibility to mefloquine in West African isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Lancet (1987) 1.46

Recognition of lysosomal glycosidases in vivo inhibited by modified glycoproteins. Nature (1976) 1.46

The chemotherapy of rodent malaria. LI. Studies on a new 8-aminoquinoline, WR 238,605. Ann Trop Med Parasitol (1993) 1.45

Leishmania spp.: development of pentostam-resistant clones in vitro by discontinuous drug exposure. Exp Parasitol (1989) 1.42

Lactate dehydrogenase and the diagnosis of malaria. Parasitol Today (1998) 1.41

Bisquinolines. 1. N,N-bis(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)alkanediamines with potential against chloroquine-resistant malaria. J Med Chem (1992) 1.40

Selective activity of 5-fluoroorotic acid against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1989) 1.40

Open comparison of mefloquine, mefloquine/sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine and chloroquine in acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1995) 1.40

Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum dhfr and dhps genes and age related in vivo sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in malaria-infected patients from Nigeria. Acta Trop (2005) 1.37

Comparative efficacy of halofantrine, chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nigerian children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1997) 1.36

Enhanced efficacy of chloroquine-chlorpheniramine combination in acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg (1997) 1.34

Biochemical diagnosis of fatty acid oxidation disorders by metabolite analysis of postmortem liver. Hum Pathol (1994) 1.31

Point mutations in the pfcrt and pfmdr-1 genes of Plasmodium falciparum and clinical response to chloroquine, among malaria patients from Nigeria. Ann Trop Med Parasitol (2003) 1.29

Plasmodium falciparum: evaluation of lactate dehydrogenase in monitoring therapeutic responses to standard antimalarial drugs in Nigeria. Exp Parasitol (1997) 1.27

8-Aminoquinolines from Walter Reed Army Institute for Research for treatment and prophylaxis of Pneumocystis pneumonia in rat models. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1991) 1.27

A comparison of the in vitro activities of amodiaquine and desethylamodiaquine against isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1989) 1.27

Randomized dose-ranging study of the safety and efficacy of WR 238605 (Tafenoquine) in the prevention of relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Thailand. J Infect Dis (1999) 1.26

Structure and inhibition of plasmepsin II, a hemoglobin-degrading enzyme from Plasmodium falciparum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.26

Clinical study of pyronaridine for the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1996) 1.26

Morphologic effects of artemisinin in Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1993) 1.25

Clindamycin activity against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis (1984) 1.24

Plasmodium falciparum: purification of the various gametocyte developmental stages from in vitro-cultivated parasites. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1998) 1.24

Mass value assignment of total and subclass immunoglobulin G in a human standard anthrax reference serum. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol (2004) 1.21

In vitro and in vivo reversal of chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum with promethazine. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1998) 1.21

Lengthy antimalarial activity of atovaquone in human plasma following atovaquone-proguanil administration. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2005) 1.21

How to use light and dark to produce circadian adaptation to night shift work. Ann Med (1999) 1.19

Energy dependence of chloroquine accumulation and chloroquine efflux in Plasmodium falciparum. Biochem Pharmacol (1992) 1.19

The basis of antimalarial action: non-weak base effects of chloroquine on acid vesicle pH. Am J Trop Med Hyg (1987) 1.18

Extreme geographical fixation of variation in the Plasmodium falciparum gamete surface protein gene Pfs48/45 compared with microsatellite loci. Mol Biochem Parasitol (2001) 1.18