The Pseudomonas syringae Hrp pathogenicity island has a tripartite mosaic structure composed of a cluster of type III secretion genes bounded by exchangeable effector and conserved effector loci that contribute to parasitic fitness and pathogenicity in plants.

PubWeight™: 2.26‹?› | Rank: Top 2%

🔗 View Article (PMC 18322)

Published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A on April 25, 2000

Authors

J R Alfano1, A O Charkowski, W L Deng, J L Badel, T Petnicki-Ocwieja, K van Dijk, A Collmer

Author Affiliations

1: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA.

Articles citing this

Pathogenicity islands in bacterial pathogenesis. Clin Microbiol Rev (2004) 3.77

Genomic analysis of the Kiwifruit pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae provides insight into the origins of an emergent plant disease. PLoS Pathog (2013) 2.58

Dynamic evolution of pathogenicity revealed by sequencing and comparative genomics of 19 Pseudomonas syringae isolates. PLoS Pathog (2011) 2.50

A family of conserved bacterial effectors inhibits salicylic acid-mediated basal immunity and promotes disease necrosis in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2004) 2.33

Genomewide identification of proteins secreted by the Hrp type III protein secretion system of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 2.27

Flagellin induces innate immunity in nonhost interactions that is suppressed by Pseudomonas syringae effectors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.94

Transferable antibiotic resistance elements in Haemophilus influenzae share a common evolutionary origin with a diverse family of syntenic genomic islands. J Bacteriol (2004) 1.93

A high-throughput, near-saturating screen for type III effector genes from Pseudomonas syringae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.90

Genomewide identification of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 promoters controlled by the HrpL alternative sigma factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 1.81

A draft genome sequence and functional screen reveals the repertoire of type III secreted proteins of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tabaci 11528. BMC Genomics (2009) 1.67

Pseudomonas syringae Hrp type III secretion system and effector proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.66

The downy mildew effector proteins ATR1 and ATR13 promote disease susceptibility in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell (2007) 1.66

Getting across--bacterial type III effector proteins on their way to the plant cell. EMBO J (2002) 1.53

Two novel type III-secreted proteins of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria are encoded within the hrp pathogenicity island. J Bacteriol (2002) 1.53

Deletions in the repertoire of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 type III secretion effector genes reveal functional overlap among effectors. PLoS Pathog (2009) 1.52

Mobile genetic elements in the genome of the beneficial rhizobacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5. BMC Microbiol (2009) 1.50

The majority of the type III effector inventory of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 can suppress plant immunity. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (2009) 1.50

Negative Autogenous Control of the Master Type III Secretion System Regulator HrpL in Pseudomonas syringae. MBio (2017) 1.38

Comparative genomics of host-specific virulence in Pseudomonas syringae. Genetics (2006) 1.38

Genome-wide identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence-related genes using a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model. PLoS Pathog (2012) 1.38

Genetic disassembly and combinatorial reassembly identify a minimal functional repertoire of type III effectors in Pseudomonas syringae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.37

Effector-triggered immunity blocks pathogen degradation of an immunity-associated vesicle traffic regulator in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.31

A computational approach for identifying pathogenicity islands in prokaryotic genomes. BMC Bioinformatics (2005) 1.31

Diverse evolutionary mechanisms shape the type III effector virulence factor repertoire in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae. Genetics (2004) 1.26

Characterization of the Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines Hrp pathogenicity island. J Bacteriol (2003) 1.23

A "repertoire for repertoire" hypothesis: repertoires of type three effectors are candidate determinants of host specificity in Xanthomonas. PLoS One (2009) 1.23

Photorhabdus luminescens genes induced upon insect infection. BMC Genomics (2008) 1.22

Presence/absence polymorphism for alternative pathogenicity islands in Pseudomonas viridiflava, a pathogen of Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 1.16

Nucleotide sequence and evolution of the five-plasmid complement of the phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola ES4326. J Bacteriol (2004) 1.13

Plant pathogen forensics: capabilities, needs, and recommendations. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev (2006) 1.12

The influence of the accessory genome on bacterial pathogen evolution. Mob Genet Elements (2011) 1.09

An improved, high-quality draft genome sequence of the Germination-Arrest Factor-producing Pseudomonas fluorescens WH6. BMC Genomics (2010) 1.08

Pseudomonas syringae lytic transglycosylases coregulated with the type III secretion system contribute to the translocation of effector proteins into plant cells. J Bacteriol (2007) 1.05

The Pseudomonas syringae type III effector HopG1 targets mitochondria, alters plant development and suppresses plant innate immunity. Cell Microbiol (2009) 1.03

Comparison of ATPase-encoding type III secretion system hrcN genes in biocontrol fluorescent Pseudomonads and in phytopathogenic proteobacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol (2004) 1.03

Comparative genomic analysis of the pPT23A plasmid family of Pseudomonas syringae. J Bacteriol (2005) 1.02

Functional diversification of the GALA type III effector family contributes to Ralstonia solanacearum adaptation on different plant hosts. New Phytol (2011) 0.99

Analysis of the role of the type III effector inventory of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola 1448a in interaction with the plant. J Bacteriol (2010) 0.99

Multiple activities of the plant pathogen type III effector proteins WtsE and AvrE require WxxxE motifs. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (2009) 0.99

The hrpK operon of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 encodes two proteins secreted by the type III (Hrp) protein secretion system: HopB1 and HrpK, a putative type III translocator. J Bacteriol (2005) 0.98

The coronatine toxin of Pseudomonas syringae is a multifunctional suppressor of Arabidopsis defense. Plant Cell (2012) 0.98

Pseudomonas syringae exchangeable effector loci: sequence diversity in representative pathovars and virulence function in P. syringae pv. syringae B728a. J Bacteriol (2003) 0.97

Type III secretion system genes of Dickeya dadantii 3937 are induced by plant phenolic acids. PLoS One (2008) 0.97

Naturally occurring nonpathogenic isolates of the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae lack a type III secretion system and effector gene orthologues. J Bacteriol (2008) 0.96

Mutational analysis of Xanthomonas harpin HpaG identifies a key functional region that elicits the hypersensitive response in nonhost plants. J Bacteriol (2004) 0.95

Natural genetic variation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris pathogenicity on arabidopsis revealed by association and reverse genetics. MBio (2013) 0.95

Plant immunity directly or indirectly restricts the injection of type III effectors by the Pseudomonas syringae type III secretion system. Plant Physiol (2010) 0.94

Computational and biochemical analysis of the Xanthomonas effector AvrBs2 and its role in the modulation of Xanthomonas type three effector delivery. PLoS Pathog (2011) 0.92

A conserved carboxylesterase is a SUPPRESSOR OF AVRBST-ELICITED RESISTANCE in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell (2007) 0.92

Commonalities and differences of T3SSs in rhizobia and plant pathogenic bacteria. Front Plant Sci (2014) 0.92

Structural and functional analysis of the type III secretion system from Pseudomonas fluorescens Q8r1-96. J Bacteriol (2010) 0.91

Pseudomonas syringae Effector Avirulence Protein E Localizes to the Host Plasma Membrane and Down-Regulates the Expression of the NONRACE-SPECIFIC DISEASE RESISTANCE1/HARPIN-INDUCED1-LIKE13 Gene Required for Antibacterial Immunity in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol (2015) 0.91

Identification of Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis transcript sequences expressed during infection reveals isolate-specific effectors. PLoS One (2011) 0.90

Pseudomonas syringae HrpJ is a type III secreted protein that is required for plant pathogenesis, injection of effectors, and secretion of the HrpZ1 Harpin. J Bacteriol (2006) 0.90

Genetic characterization of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 rsp gene expression in the phytosphere and in vitro. J Bacteriol (2005) 0.90

Comparative large-scale analysis of interactions between several crop species and the effector repertoires from multiple pathovars of Pseudomonas and Ralstonia. Plant Physiol (2009) 0.90

Pseudomonas syringae type III chaperones ShcO1, ShcS1, and ShcS2 facilitate translocation of their cognate effectors and can substitute for each other in the secretion of HopO1-1. J Bacteriol (2005) 0.88

Comparative genomics of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strains B301D and HS191 and insights into intrapathovar traits associated with plant pathogenesis. Microbiologyopen (2015) 0.87

Amplification generates modular diversity at an avirulence locus in the pathogen Phytophthora. Genome Res (2006) 0.87

The phytotoxin coronatine is a multifunctional component of the virulence armament of Pseudomonas syringae. Planta (2014) 0.85

Dynamics of defense responses and cell fate change during Arabidopsis-Pseudomonas syringae interactions. PLoS One (2013) 0.85

Differential secretome analysis of Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato using gel-free MS proteomics. Front Plant Sci (2014) 0.84

Molecular evolution of pathogenicity-island genes in Pseudomonas viridiflava. Genetics (2007) 0.84

Interactions of bacterial proteins with host eukaryotic ubiquitin pathways. Front Microbiol (2011) 0.84

Variable suites of non-effector genes are co-regulated in the type III secretion virulence regulon across the Pseudomonas syringae phylogeny. PLoS Pathog (2014) 0.83

Direct and Indirect Targeting of PP2A by Conserved Bacterial Type-III Effector Proteins. PLoS Pathog (2016) 0.83

Structure of the HopA1(21-102)-ShcA chaperone-effector complex of Pseudomonas syringae reveals conservation of a virulence factor binding motif from animal to plant pathogens. J Bacteriol (2012) 0.82

Pseudomonas syringae HrpP Is a type III secretion substrate specificity switch domain protein that is translocated into plant cells but functions atypically for a substrate-switching protein. J Bacteriol (2009) 0.82

Identification of a host 14-3-3 Protein that Interacts with Xanthomonas effector AvrRxv. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol (2008) 0.81

Genetic analysis of the individual contribution to virulence of the type III effector inventory of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. PLoS One (2012) 0.80

PAIDB v2.0: exploration and analysis of pathogenicity and resistance islands. Nucleic Acids Res (2014) 0.80

The type III secreted effector DspE is required early in solanum tuberosum leaf infection by Pectobacterium carotovorum to cause cell death, and requires Wx(3-6)D/E motifs. PLoS One (2013) 0.80

Role of type III effector secretion during bacterial pathogenesis in another kingdom. Infect Immun (2004) 0.80

The Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato type III effector HopM1 suppresses Arabidopsis defenses independent of suppressing salicylic acid signaling and of targeting AtMIN7. PLoS One (2013) 0.80

The Pseudomonas syringae HopPtoV protein is secreted in culture and translocated into plant cells via the type III protein secretion system in a manner dependent on the ShcV type III chaperone. J Bacteriol (2004) 0.79

Comparative Genomic Analyses of Multiple Pseudomonas Strains Infecting Corylus avellana Trees Reveal the Occurrence of Two Genetic Clusters with Both Common and Distinctive Virulence and Fitness Traits. PLoS One (2015) 0.79

Plant-Pathogen Effectors: Cellular Probes Interfering with Plant Defenses in Spatial and Temporal Manners. Annu Rev Phytopathol (2016) 0.79

Type Three Secretion System in Pseudomonas savastanoi Pathovars: Does Timing Matter? Genes (Basel) (2011) 0.79

Retracted Y4lO of Rhizobium sp. strain NGR234 is a symbiotic determinant required for symbiosome differentiation. J Bacteriol (2008) 0.78

Negative regulation of pathogenesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 11528 by ATP-dependent Lon protease. Mol Cells (2011) 0.77

The Pseudomonas syringae Type III Effector HopG1 Induces Actin Remodeling to Promote Symptom Development and Susceptibility during Infection. Plant Physiol (2016) 0.76

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 CmaL (PSPTO4723), a DUF1330 family member, is needed to produce L-allo-isoleucine, a precursor for the phytotoxin coronatine. J Bacteriol (2012) 0.76

Probing formation of cargo/importin-α transport complexes in plant cells using a pathogen effector. Plant J (2014) 0.76

Functional analysis of Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis RXLR effectors. PLoS One (2014) 0.76

Inheritance of Pantoea type III secretion systems through both vertical and horizontal transfer. Mol Genet Genomics (2015) 0.76

Comprehensive analysis of draft genomes of two closely related pseudomonas syringae phylogroup 2b strains infecting mono- and dicotyledon host plants. BMC Genomics (2016) 0.75

YopJ Family Effectors Promote Bacterial Infection through a Unique Acetyltransferase Activity. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev (2016) 0.75

The Proteasome Acts as a Hub for Plant Immunity and Is Targeted by Pseudomonas Type III Effectors. Plant Physiol (2016) 0.75

Leucine-rich-repeat-containing variable lymphocyte receptors as modules to target plant-expressed proteins. Plant Methods (2017) 0.75

A Small Cysteine-Rich Protein from the Asian Soybean Rust Fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Suppresses Plant Immunity. PLoS Pathog (2016) 0.75

Supramolecular Structure and Functional Analysis of the Type III Secretion System in Pseudomonas fluorescens 2P24. Front Plant Sci (2016) 0.75

Knots Untie: Molecular Determinants Involved in Knot Formation Induced by Pseudomonas savastanoi in Woody Hosts. Front Plant Sci (2017) 0.75

Articles cited by this

Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs. Nucleic Acids Res (1997) 665.31

The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science (1997) 84.27

Improved broad-host-range plasmids for DNA cloning in gram-negative bacteria. Gene (1988) 18.10

Type III protein secretion systems in bacterial pathogens of animals and plants. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev (1998) 17.27

Pathogenicity islands of virulent bacteria: structure, function and impact on microbial evolution. Mol Microbiol (1997) 9.50

Gene-for-gene complementarity in plant-pathogen interactions. Annu Rev Genet (1990) 6.43

Molecular evolution of a pathogenicity island from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Infect Immun (1998) 4.33

The type III (Hrp) secretion pathway of plant pathogenic bacteria: trafficking harpins, Avr proteins, and death. J Bacteriol (1997) 3.16

Hrp pilus: an hrp-dependent bacterial surface appendage produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 2.71

Expression of the Pseudomonas syringae avirulence protein AvrB in plant cells alleviates its dependence on the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (Hrp) secretion system in eliciting genotype-specific hypersensitive cell death. Plant Cell (1996) 2.68

Isolation of a temperate bacteriophage encoding the type III effector protein SopE from an epidemic Salmonella typhimurium strain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 2.51

Bacterial avirulence genes. Annu Rev Phytopathol (1996) 2.40

Identification of a pathogenicity island, which contains genes for virulence and avirulence, on a large native plasmid in the bean pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pathovar phaseolicola. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 2.39

DNA sequencing and analysis of the low-Ca2+-response plasmid pCD1 of Yersinia pestis KIM5. Infect Immun (1998) 2.26

The cloned avirulence gene avrPto induces disease resistance in tomato cultivars containing the Pto resistance gene. J Bacteriol (1992) 2.21

Peptidoglycan as a barrier to transenvelope transport. J Bacteriol (1996) 1.96

Analysis of the role of the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae HrpZ harpin in elicitation of the hypersensitive response in tobacco using functionally non-polar hrpZ deletion mutations, truncated HrpZ fragments, and hrmA mutations. Mol Microbiol (1996) 1.86

A single promoter sequence recognized by a newly identified alternate sigma factor directs expression of pathogenicity and host range determinants in Pseudomonas syringae. J Bacteriol (1994) 1.85

Characterization of the Shigella flexneri ipgD and ipgF genes, which are located in the proximal part of the mxi locus. Infect Immun (1993) 1.84

Integration and excision of pMC7105 in Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola: involvement of repetitive sequences. J Bacteriol (1984) 1.83

Insertion site of the locus of enterocyte effacement in enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli differs in relation to the clonal phylogeny of the strains. FEMS Microbiol Lett (1997) 1.75

A family of lysozyme-like virulence factors in bacterial pathogens of plants and animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.70

Homology and functional similarity of an hrp-linked pathogenicity locus, dspEF, of Erwinia amylovora and the avirulence locus avrE of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.68

Genetic characterization and evolutionary implications of a chromosomally encoded naphthalene-degradation upper pathway from Pseudomonas stutzeri AN10. Gene (1999) 1.67

The complete hrp gene cluster of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 includes two blocks of genes required for harpinPss secretion that are arranged colinearly with Yersinia ysc homologs. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1995) 1.63

DspA, an essential pathogenicity factor of Erwinia amylovora showing homology with AvrE of Pseudomonas syringae, is secreted via the Hrp secretion pathway in a DspB-dependent way. Mol Microbiol (1997) 1.63

Assessment of genetic diversity among strains of Pseudomonas syringae by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of rRNA operons with special emphasis on P. syringae pv. tomato. Appl Environ Microbiol (1997) 1.62

The Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato HrpW protein has domains similar to harpins and pectate lyases and can elicit the plant hypersensitive response and bind to pectate. J Bacteriol (1998) 1.61

Molecular and functional analysis indicates a mosaic structure of Salmonella pathogenicity island 2. Mol Microbiol (1999) 1.57

The Avr (effector) proteins HrmA (HopPsyA) and AvrPto are secreted in culture from Pseudomonas syringae pathovars via the Hrp (type III) protein secretion system in a temperature- and pH-sensitive manner. J Bacteriol (1999) 1.56

Phenotypic expression of Pseudomonas syringae avr genes in E. coli is linked to the activities of the hrp-encoded secretion system. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1996) 1.50

The HrpZ proteins of Pseudomonas syringae pvs. syringae, glycinea, and tomato are encoded by an operon containing Yersinia ysc homologs and elicit the hypersensitive response in tomato but not soybean. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1995) 1.48

A cloned Erwinia chrysanthemi Hrp (type III protein secretion) system functions in Escherichia coli to deliver Pseudomonas syringae Avr signals to plant cells and to secrete Avr proteins in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.48

Role of the Hrp type III protein secretion system in growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a on host plants in the field. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 1.44

Transfer RNAs and pathogenicity islands. Trends Biochem Sci (1999) 1.39

Characterization of avrPphE, a gene for cultivar-specific avirulence from Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola which is physically linked to hrpY, a new hrp gene identified in the halo-blight bacterium. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1995) 1.37

Characterization of avrE from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato: a hrp-linked avirulence locus consisting of at least two transcriptional units. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1995) 1.35

Evidence that the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae hrp-linked hrmA gene encodes an Avr-like protein that acts in an hrp-dependent manner within tobacco cells. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1997) 1.31

Erwinia amylovora secretes DspE, a pathogenicity factor and functional AvrE homolog, through the Hrp (type III secretion) pathway. J Bacteriol (1998) 1.18

Nucleotide sequence and properties of the hrmA locus associated with the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 hrp gene cluster. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1994) 1.15

Glutathione-s-transferase activity and metabolism of glutathione conjugates by rhizosphere bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol (1995) 1.14

Molecular cloning, characterization, and mutagenesis of a pel gene from Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachyrmans encoding a member of the Erwinia chrysanthemi pelADE family of pectate lyases. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1997) 1.09

DNA sequence variation and phylogenetic relationships among strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae inferred from restriction site maps and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Appl Environ Microbiol (1993) 1.09

Regulation of expression of avirulence gene avrRxv and identification of a family of host interaction factors by sequence analysis of avrBsT. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1999) 1.06

Avirulence gene avrPphC from Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola 3121: a plasmid-borne homologue of avrC closely linked to an avrD allele. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1994) 0.87

Articles by these authors

Type III secretion machines: bacterial devices for protein delivery into host cells. Science (1999) 9.10

An nptI-sacB-sacR cartridge for constructing directed, unmarked mutations in gram-negative bacteria by marker exchange-eviction mutagenesis. Gene (1987) 5.25

Harpin, elicitor of the hypersensitive response produced by the plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora. Science (1992) 3.67

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae harpinPss: a protein that is secreted via the Hrp pathway and elicits the hypersensitive response in plants. Cell (1993) 3.29

The type III (Hrp) secretion pathway of plant pathogenic bacteria: trafficking harpins, Avr proteins, and death. J Bacteriol (1997) 3.16

Molecular cloning of a Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae gene cluster that enables Pseudomonas fluorescens to elicit the hypersensitive response in tobacco plants. J Bacteriol (1988) 2.84

Activity stain for rapid characterization of pectic enzymes in isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Appl Environ Microbiol (1985) 2.68

Expression of the Pseudomonas syringae avirulence protein AvrB in plant cells alleviates its dependence on the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (Hrp) secretion system in eliciting genotype-specific hypersensitive cell death. Plant Cell (1996) 2.68

Marker-exchange mutagenesis of a pectate lyase isozyme gene in Erwinia chrysanthemi. J Bacteriol (1985) 2.50

Molecular cloning in Escherichia coli of Erwinia chrysanthemi genes encoding multiple forms of pectate lyase. J Bacteriol (1985) 2.14

The Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 hrpH product, an envelope protein required for elicitation of the hypersensitive response in plants. J Bacteriol (1992) 2.06

Unified nomenclature for broadly conserved hrp genes of phytopathogenic bacteria. Mol Microbiol (1996) 1.95

Cloned Erwinia chrysanthemi out genes enable Escherichia coli to selectively secrete a diverse family of heterologous proteins to its milieu. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.92

Analysis of the role of the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae HrpZ harpin in elicitation of the hypersensitive response in tobacco using functionally non-polar hrpZ deletion mutations, truncated HrpZ fragments, and hrmA mutations. Mol Microbiol (1996) 1.86

Homology and functional similarity of an hrp-linked pathogenicity locus, dspEF, of Erwinia amylovora and the avirulence locus avrE of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.68

Pseudomonas syringae Hrp type III secretion system and effector proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.66

Molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and marker exchange mutagenesis of the exo-poly-alpha-D-galacturonosidase-encoding pehX gene of Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16. J Bacteriol (1990) 1.64

Complementation of deletion mutations in a cloned functional cluster of Erwinia chrysanthemi out genes with Erwinia carotovora out homologues reveals OutC and OutD as candidate gatekeepers of species-specific secretion of proteins via the type II pathway. Mol Microbiol (1996) 1.64

Reciprocal secretion of proteins by the bacterial type III machines of plant and animal pathogens suggests universal recognition of mRNA targeting signals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 1.64

Enterocolitis induced by autoimmune targeting of enteric glial cells: a possible mechanism in Crohn's disease? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 1.63

The complete hrp gene cluster of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 includes two blocks of genes required for harpinPss secretion that are arranged colinearly with Yersinia ysc homologs. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1995) 1.63

Niche-specificity and the variable fraction of the Pectobacterium pan-genome. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (2008) 1.63

Analysis of eight out genes in a cluster required for pectic enzyme secretion by Erwinia chrysanthemi: sequence comparison with secretion genes from other gram-negative bacteria. J Bacteriol (1992) 1.61

The Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato HrpW protein has domains similar to harpins and pectate lyases and can elicit the plant hypersensitive response and bind to pectate. J Bacteriol (1998) 1.61

An exo-poly-alpha-D-galacturonosidase implicated in the regulation of extracellular pectate lyase production in Erwinia chrysanthemi. J Bacteriol (1982) 1.60

Altered localization of HrpZ in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae hrp mutants suggests that different components of the type III secretion pathway control protein translocation across the inner and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria. J Bacteriol (1997) 1.57

The Avr (effector) proteins HrmA (HopPsyA) and AvrPto are secreted in culture from Pseudomonas syringae pathovars via the Hrp (type III) protein secretion system in a temperature- and pH-sensitive manner. J Bacteriol (1999) 1.56

Comparison of pectic enzymes produced by Erwinia chrysanthemi, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, and Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. Appl Environ Microbiol (1986) 1.51

The HrpZ proteins of Pseudomonas syringae pvs. syringae, glycinea, and tomato are encoded by an operon containing Yersinia ysc homologs and elicit the hypersensitive response in tomato but not soybean. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1995) 1.48

A cloned Erwinia chrysanthemi Hrp (type III protein secretion) system functions in Escherichia coli to deliver Pseudomonas syringae Avr signals to plant cells and to secrete Avr proteins in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.48

Role of the Hrp type III protein secretion system in growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a on host plants in the field. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 1.44

Polygalacturonase is a virulence factor in Agrobacterium tumefaciens biovar 3. J Bacteriol (1991) 1.43

Characterization of transposon insertion out- mutants of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora defective in enzyme export and of a DNA segment that complements out mutations in E. carotovora subsp. carotovora, E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica, and Erwinia chrysanthemi. J Bacteriol (1990) 1.36

The gene coding for the Hrp pilus structural protein is required for type III secretion of Hrp and Avr proteins in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.33

Erwinia chrysanthemi harpinEch: an elicitor of the hypersensitive response that contributes to soft-rot pathogenesis. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1996) 1.33

Evidence that the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae hrp-linked hrmA gene encodes an Avr-like protein that acts in an hrp-dependent manner within tobacco cells. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1997) 1.31

Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 Produces a Second Set of Plant-Inducible Pectate Lyase Isozymes. Appl Environ Microbiol (1993) 1.30

Virulence and outer membrane properties of a galU mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae CG43. Microb Pathog (1996) 1.26

Transient Activation of Plasmalemma K Efflux and H Influx in Tobacco by a Pectate Lyase Isozyme from Erwinia chrysanthemi. Plant Physiol (1986) 1.26

Characterization of the Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 hrpJ and hrpI genes: homology of HrpI to a superfamily of proteins associated with protein translocation. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1993) 1.23

Multiplication and Virulence in Plant Tissues of Escherichia coli Clones Producing Pectate Lyase Isozymes PLb and PLe at High Levels and of an Erwinia chrysanthemi Mutant Deficient in PLe. Appl Environ Microbiol (1987) 1.23

Study of the surface characteristics of magnetron-sputter calcium phosphate coatings. J Biomed Mater Res (1994) 1.21

Erwinia chrysanthemi hrp genes and their involvement in soft rot pathogenesis and elicitation of the hypersensitive response. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1994) 1.20

Negative regulation of hrp genes in Pseudomonas syringae by HrpV. J Bacteriol (1998) 1.16

Molecular cloning of the structural gene for exopolygalacturonate lyase from Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 and characterization of the enzyme product. J Bacteriol (1990) 1.10

Molecular cloning, characterization, and mutagenesis of a pel gene from Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachyrmans encoding a member of the Erwinia chrysanthemi pelADE family of pectate lyases. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1997) 1.09

Extracellular secretion of pectate lyase by the Erwinia chrysanthemi out pathway is dependent upon Sec-mediated export across the inner membrane. J Bacteriol (1991) 1.08

Differences in attachment of Salmonella enterica serovars and Escherichia coli O157:H7 to alfalfa sprouts. Appl Environ Microbiol (2002) 1.07

Clinical breakpoint changes and their impact on surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli causing bacteraemia. Clin Microbiol Infect (2012) 1.04

Arrangement and regulation of the nitrogen fixation genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae studied by depression kinetics. J Bacteriol (1976) 1.04

Polygalacturonase Production by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Biovar 3. Appl Environ Microbiol (1991) 1.04

Early versus late treatment of posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation: results of a retrospective study from five neonatal intensive care units in The Netherlands. Acta Paediatr (2002) 1.02

Characterization of the hrpC and hrpRS operons of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars syringae, tomato, and glycinea and analysis of the ability of hrpF, hrpG, hrcC, hrpT, and hrpV mutants to elicit the hypersensitive response and disease in plants. J Bacteriol (1998) 1.01

Genetic polymorphism at the beta-tubulin locus among human and animal isolates of Cryptosporidium parvum. FEMS Microbiol Lett (1999) 0.98

Use of Tn5tac1 to clone a pel gene encoding a highly alkaline, asparagine-rich pectate lyase isozyme from an Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 mutant with deletions affecting the major pectate lyase isozymes. J Bacteriol (1995) 0.97

Evidence of homology between the pectate lyase-encoding pelB and pelC genes in Erwinia chrysanthemi. J Bacteriol (1986) 0.96

Relative effects on virulence of mutations in the sap, pel, and hrp loci of Erwinia chrysanthemi. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (2001) 0.94

Regulatory interactions between the Hrp type III protein secretion system and coronatine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Microbiology (2000) 0.93

A gene in the Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Hrp pathogenicity island conserved effector locus, hopPtoA1, contributes to efficient formation of bacterial colonies in planta and is duplicated elsewhere in the genome. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (2002) 0.92

Asymptomatic carriage of Clostridium difficile among HCWs: Do we disregard the doctor? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol (2009) 0.91

Evaluation of plasma-spray and magnetron-sputter Ca-P-coated implants: an in vivo experiment using rabbits. J Biomed Mater Res (1996) 0.87

The hrpC and hrpN operons of Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 are flanked by plcA and homologs of hemolysin/adhesin genes and accompanying activator/transporter genes. Mol Plant Microbe Interact (1998) 0.87

Phenotype of severe hemophilia A and plasma levels of risk factors for thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost (2007) 0.84

External loops at the C terminus of Erwinia chrysanthemi pectate lyase C are required for species-specific secretion through the out type II pathway. J Bacteriol (1998) 0.84

[Pharmacological studies on 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide-3, 19-disuccinate. I. Anti-inflammatory activity (author's transl)]. Yao Xue Xue Bao (1980) 0.83

Characterization of the Agrobacterium vitis pehA gene and comparison of the encoded polygalacturonase with the homologous enzymes from Erwinia carotovora and Ralstonia solanacearum. Appl Environ Microbiol (1997) 0.82

Identification and characterization of acoK, a regulatory gene of the Klebsiella pneumoniae acoABCD operon. J Bacteriol (1997) 0.82

Interfacial phenomena: an in vitro study of the effect of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) ceramic on bone formation. J Biomed Mater Res (1998) 0.82

Purification and characterization of recombinant mouse thymidylate synthase. Biochim Biophys Acta (1991) 0.79

Attachment, Chemotaxis, and Multiplication of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Biovar 1 and Biovar 3 on Grapevine and Pea. Appl Environ Microbiol (1991) 0.78

Identification and characterization of the acoD gene encoding a dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase of the Klebsiella pneumoniae acetoin dehydrogenase system. J Biochem (1996) 0.78

Mechanical and histologic evaluation of Ca-P plasma-spray and magnetron sputter-coated implants in trabecular bone of the goat. J Biomed Mater Res (1997) 0.78

Biological evaluation of the effect of magnetron sputtered Ca/P coatings on osteoblast-like cells in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res (1995) 0.78

Highlights from the ninth international congress on molecular plant-microbe interactions. Plant Cell (1999) 0.75

Kinetic properties of hydrogenase isolated from Desulfovibrio vulgaris (Hildenborough). Eur J Biochem (1983) 0.75

[Medicine and its fringe areas: political and social implications]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd (1975) 0.75

[Theoretical study of anti-infective effects of antipyretic, blood-activating and circulation stimulating preparations]. Zhong Yao Tong Bao (1985) 0.75

[The QSAR of diphenic acids in increasing macrophage phagocytosis]. Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao (1986) 0.75

[Pharmacological studies on thirteen kinds of injections from Andrographis paniculata. I. Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effects and toxicity]. Zhong Yao Tong Bao (1985) 0.75

[Stepwise discriminant analysis on the relationship of immunostimulative activities and chemical structure of substituted cinnamic acids]. Sichuan Yi Xue Yuan Xue Bao (1985) 0.75

[Effect of herbal enema mixture no. 1 on experimental acute renal failure]. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi (1986) 0.75

Site-directed mutagenesis of mouse thymidylate synthase: alteration of Arg44 to Val44 in a conserved loop guarding the active site has striking effects on catalysis and nucleotide binding. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1990) 0.75

[Patient care after vertebral angiography by femoral artery intubation]. Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi (1983) 0.75

[Some characteristics of the study of Chinese traditional medicine]. Zhong Yao Tong Bao (1984) 0.75