Horizontal transfer of penicillin-binding protein genes in penicillin-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

PubWeight™: 5.65‹?› | Rank: Top 1%

🔗 View Article (PMC 298386)

Published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A on November 01, 1989

Authors

C G Dowson1, A Hutchison, J A Brannigan, R C George, D Hansman, J Liñares, A Tomasz, J M Smith, B G Spratt

Author Affiliations

1: School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom.

Articles citing this

(truncated to the top 100)

Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics. Clin Microbiol Rev (1990) 9.76

Bacterial gene transfer by natural genetic transformation in the environment. Microbiol Rev (1994) 8.52

Analysis of multiply antimicrobial-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1992) 3.39

Diversity of PspA: mosaic genes and evidence for past recombination in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect Immun (2000) 3.30

Recruitment of a penicillin-binding protein gene from Neisseria flavescens during the emergence of penicillin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 3.22

Penicillin-resistant viridans streptococci have obtained altered penicillin-binding protein genes from penicillin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 2.82

Penicillin-binding proteins 2b and 2x of Streptococcus pneumoniae are primary resistance determinants for different classes of beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1996) 2.72

Bacterial antigenic variation, host immune response, and pathogen-host coevolution. Infect Immun (1993) 2.68

Genetic analysis of clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae with high-level resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1995) 2.64

Genetic relationships of penicillin-susceptible and -resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated on different continents. Infect Immun (1992) 2.62

Comparative study of five different DNA fingerprint techniques for molecular typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. J Clin Microbiol (1995) 2.55

Assigning strains to bacterial species via the internet. BMC Biol (2009) 2.49

Molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev (2001) 2.31

A biological price of antibiotic resistance: major changes in the peptidoglycan structure of penicillin-resistant pneumococci. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 2.18

Relatedness of penicillin-binding protein 1a genes from different clones of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated in South Africa and Spain. EMBO J (1992) 2.06

Pneumococcal diversity: considerations for new vaccine strategies with emphasis on pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA). Clin Microbiol Rev (1998) 2.06

Identification of multiple clones of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1995) 1.96

The m2 form of the Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin has cell type-specific vacuolating activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.95

Inhibition of the expression of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae by inactivation of cell wall muropeptide branching genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.95

Molecular population genetic analysis of emerged bacterial pathogens: selected insights. Emerg Infect Dis (1996) 1.94

Gene localization, size, and physical map of the chromosome of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol (1991) 1.93

Sequences, sequence clusters and bacterial species. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (2006) 1.91

Alterations in penicillin-binding protein 2B from penicillin-resistant wild-type strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1995) 1.82

Shifting genetic structure of invasive serotype 19A pneumococci in the United States. J Infect Dis (2011) 1.75

Molecular epidemiology of penicillin-resistant pneumococci isolated in Nairobi, Kenya. Infect Immun (1993) 1.74

Homeologous recombination and mismatch repair during transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae: saturation of the Hex mismatch repair system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.73

Short-sequence tandem and nontandem DNA repeats and endogenous hydrogen peroxide production contribute to genetic instability of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol (2002) 1.69

Mutations in the dihydrofolate reductase gene of trimethoprim-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1997) 1.66

Bacteria are different: observations, interpretations, speculations, and opinions about the mechanisms of adaptive evolution in prokaryotes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.66

Viridans group streptococci are donors in horizontal transfer of topoisomerase IV genes to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2003) 1.62

Transformational exchanges in the dihydropteroate synthase gene of Neisseria meningitidis: a novel mechanism for acquisition of sulfonamide resistance. J Bacteriol (1992) 1.62

Antimicrobial resistance in respiratory tract Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates: results of the Canadian Respiratory Organism Susceptibility Study, 1997 to 2002. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2003) 1.57

Comprehensive identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beta-lactam resistance within pneumococcal mosaic genes. PLoS Genet (2014) 1.56

Point mutation in the group B streptococcal pbp2x gene conferring decreased susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2008) 1.56

alpha AD alpha hybrids of Cryptococcus neoformans: evidence of same-sex mating in nature and hybrid fitness. PLoS Genet (2007) 1.52

Horizontal transfer of parC and gyrA in fluoroquinolone-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2000) 1.52

The evolution of insertion sequences within enteric bacteria. Genetics (1992) 1.50

Combinational detection of autolysin and penicillin-binding protein 2B genes of Streptococcus pneumoniae by PCR. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 1.49

Single-step capsular transformation and acquisition of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol (2004) 1.48

Association of a thr-371 substitution in a conserved amino acid motif of penicillin-binding protein 1A with penicillin resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1998) 1.43

Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin in a Paris children's hospital. J Clin Microbiol (1997) 1.42

Naturally occurring peptidoglycan variants of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol (1996) 1.41

Point mutations in Staphylococcus aureus PBP 2 gene affect penicillin-binding kinetics and are associated with resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1995) 1.40

Molecular evolution of beta-lactam-resistant Haemophilus influenzae: 9-year surveillance of penicillin-binding protein 3 mutations in isolates from Japan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2006) 1.40

Gene disruption studies of penicillin-binding proteins 1a, 1b, and 2a in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol (1999) 1.37

Penicillin-binding proteins and bacterial resistance to beta-lactams. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1993) 1.37

NanA, a neuraminidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae, shows high levels of sequence diversity, at least in part through recombination with Streptococcus oralis. J Bacteriol (2005) 1.35

Clonal diversity of Streptococcus mitis biovar 1 isolates from the oral cavity of human neonates. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol (1996) 1.30

Kinetics of penicillin binding to penicillin-binding proteins of Staphylococcus aureus. Biochem J (1994) 1.28

Complete sequences of six penicillin-binding protein genes from 40 Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates collected in Japan. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2004) 1.27

Rapid detection of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in cerebrospinal fluid by a seminested-PCR strategy. J Clin Microbiol (1998) 1.26

Molecular analysis of the P2 porin protein of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae. Infect Immun (1992) 1.25

Genetics of oxacillin resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae that are oxacillin resistant and penicillin susceptible. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1994) 1.25

Dissemination of high-level penicillin-, extended-spectrum cephalosporin-, and erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clones in Taiwan. J Clin Microbiol (1999) 1.21

Modification of penicillin-binding protein 5 associated with high-level ampicillin resistance in Enterococcus faecium. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1996) 1.21

Heteroresistance to penicillin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 1.21

Biochemical characterization of penicillin-resistant and -sensitive penicillin-binding protein 2x transpeptidase activities of Streptococcus pneumoniae and mechanistic implications in bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. J Bacteriol (1997) 1.19

Evidence of recombination and an antigenically diverse immunoglobulin A1 protease among strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect Immun (1995) 1.16

Recombining population structure of Plesiomonas shigelloides (Enterobacteriaceae) revealed by multilocus sequence typing. J Bacteriol (2007) 1.16

Molecular evolution in a multidrug-resistant lineage of Streptococcus pneumoniae: emergence of strains belonging to the serotype 6B Icelandic clone that lost antibiotic resistance traits. J Clin Microbiol (2000) 1.16

Identification, purification, and characterization of transpeptidase and glycosyltransferase domains of Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin-binding protein 1a. J Bacteriol (1998) 1.14

Genotypic survey of recent beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal nasopharyngeal isolates from asymptomatic children in Chile. J Clin Microbiol (1999) 1.14

Inference of horizontal genetic transfer from molecular data: an approach using the bootstrap. Genetics (1992) 1.13

Mechanism of sulfonamide resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1997) 1.12

Application of molecular typing to the epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Clin Pathol (1998) 1.11

Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Korea. The Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP) Study Group. J Clin Microbiol (2000) 1.10

High-level beta-lactam resistance associated with acquired multidrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2003) 1.09

Heterogeneity in the frequency and characteristics of homologous recombination in pneumococcal evolution. PLoS Genet (2014) 1.08

Penicillin-binding protein 1A, 2B, and 2X alterations in Canadian isolates of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2002) 1.07

Rapid screening for penicillin susceptibility of systemic pneumococcal isolates by restriction enzyme profiling of the pbp2B gene. J Clin Microbiol (1998) 1.07

Horizontal acquisition of divergent chromosomal DNA in bacteria: effects of mutator phenotypes. Genetics (2003) 1.06

Pilot study of the genetic diversity of the pneumococcal nasopharyngeal flora among children attending day care centers. J Clin Microbiol (2002) 1.06

Directly repeated insertion of 9-nucleotide sequence detected in penicillin-binding protein 2B gene of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1996) 1.05

Potential nonpneumococcal confounding of PCR-based determination of serotype in carriage. J Clin Microbiol (2012) 1.04

A mutation in the D,D-carboxypeptidase penicillin-binding protein 3 of Streptococcus pneumoniae contributes to cefotaxime resistance of the laboratory mutant C604. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1997) 1.04

The multidrug-resistant PMEN1 pneumococcus is a paradigm for genetic success. Genome Biol (2012) 1.01

Serotype competence and penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Emerg Infect Dis (2006) 0.99

Biochemical characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin-binding protein 2b and its implication in beta-lactam resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2004) 0.98

Distribution of the mosaic structured murM genes among natural populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol (2000) 0.98

Compensatory evolution of pbp mutations restores the fitness cost imposed by β-lactam resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. PLoS Pathog (2011) 0.98

Pneumococcal resistance patterns in Europe. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (1997) 0.98

Clonal and temporal patterns of nasopharyngeal penicillin-susceptible and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae stains in children attending a day care center. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 0.97

Unique variations of pbp2b sequences in penicillin-nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Korea. J Clin Microbiol (2004) 0.97

Horizontal gene transfer of ftsI, encoding penicillin-binding protein 3, in Haemophilus influenzae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2007) 0.97

Antibiotic-resistant invasive pneumococcal clones in Italy. J Clin Microbiol (2006) 0.96

An internationally spread clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae evolves from low-level to higher-level penicillin resistance by uptake of penicillin-binding protein gene fragments from nonencapsulated pneumococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2004) 0.95

Identification and characterization of the penicillin-binding protein 2a of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its possible role in resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2000) 0.94

Emergence of a pneumococcal clone with cephalosporin resistance and penicillin susceptibility. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2001) 0.94

Amino acid mutations essential to production of an altered PBP 2X conferring high-level beta-lactam resistance in a clinical isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2005) 0.94

Significant variation in transformation frequency in Streptococcus pneumoniae. ISME J (2013) 0.93

Highly variable penicillin resistance determinants PBP 2x, PBP 2b, and PBP 1a in isolates of two Streptococcus pneumoniae clonal groups, Poland 23F-16 and Poland 6B-20. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2007) 0.90

The insertion site of the temperate phage HB-746 is located near the phage remnant in the pneumococcal host chromosome. J Virol (1992) 0.88

Clonal distribution of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae 23F in France. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 0.87

Inhibition of competence development, horizontal gene transfer and virulence in Streptococcus pneumoniae by a modified competence stimulating peptide. PLoS Pathog (2011) 0.87

Altered PBP 2A and its role in the development of penicillin, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone resistance in a clinical isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2005) 0.86

Very low cefotaxime concentrations select for hypermutable Streptococcus pneumoniae populations. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2002) 0.85

Conservative sex and the benefits of transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. PLoS Pathog (2013) 0.85

Molecular characterization of non-penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae in Norway. J Clin Microbiol (2006) 0.85

Comparative genomics of the bacterial genus Streptococcus illuminates evolutionary implications of species groups. PLoS One (2014) 0.83

Commensal streptococci serve as a reservoir for β-lactam resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2015) 0.83

Articles cited by this

Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science (1988) 220.77

Evolution of an inducible penicillin-target protein in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by gene fusion. FEBS Lett (1987) 8.49

Intrinsic resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus. FEBS Lett (1980) 7.13

Penicillin-binding proteins of multiply antibiotic-resistant South African strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1980) 6.96

Multiple changes of penicillin-binding proteins in penicillin-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1980) 5.12

Penicillin-binding proteins of penicillin-susceptible and intrinsically resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1980) 4.80

Extensive re-modelling of the transpeptidase domain of penicillin-binding protein 2B of a penicillin-resistant South African isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Microbiol (1989) 4.78

Heteroduplex deoxyribonucleic acid base mismatch repair in bacteria. Microbiol Rev (1986) 4.74

Hybrid penicillin-binding proteins in penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Nature (1988) 4.09

Penicillin-binding proteins of gram-negative bacteria. Rev Infect Dis (1988) 3.38

Recruitment of a penicillin-binding protein gene from Neisseria flavescens during the emergence of penicillin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 3.22

Identification of base mismatches recognized by the heteroduplex-DNA-repair system of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Cell (1982) 3.06

Penicillin-binding proteins of penicillin-susceptible and -resistant pneumococci: immunological relatedness of altered proteins and changes in peptides carrying the beta-lactam binding site. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1986) 2.72

Drug resistance patterns and serogroups or serotypes of pneumococcal isolates from cerebrospinal fluid or blood, 1979-1986. J Infect Dis (1988) 2.69

Mechanism of resistance of an ampicillin-resistant, beta-lactamase-negative clinical isolate of Haemophilus influenzae type b to beta-lactam antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1984) 2.65

Pneumococci insensitive to penicillin. Nature (1971) 2.60

World-wide development of antibiotic resistance in pneumococci. Eur J Clin Microbiol (1987) 2.46

Pneumococci relatively insensitive to penicillin in Australia and New Guinea. Med J Aust (1974) 2.40

Molecular evolution of the Escherichia coli chromosome. I. Analysis of structure and natural variation in a previously uncharacterized region between trp and tonB. Genetics (1988) 2.36

Relative penicillin G resistance in Neisseria meningitidis and reduced affinity of penicillin-binding protein 3. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1988) 2.28

Antibiotic resistance and serotypes of 100 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated in a children's hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1985) 2.04

Antibiotic resistance and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae from patients with community-acquired pneumococcal disease. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1983) 1.65

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae: serotype distribution of penicillin-resistant strains in Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1982) 1.56

Articles by these authors

Multilocus sequence typing: a portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 39.20

The hitch-hiking effect of a favourable gene. Genet Res (1974) 34.74

Multilocus sequence typing for characterization of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol (2000) 34.08

How clonal are bacteria? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 18.19

Distinct penicillin binding proteins involved in the division, elongation, and shape of Escherichia coli K12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1975) 18.13

A multilocus sequence typing scheme for Streptococcus pneumoniae: identification of clones associated with serious invasive disease. Microbiology (1998) 17.05

Properties of the penicillin-binding proteins of Escherichia coli K12,. Eur J Biochem (1977) 16.26

Low-affinity penicillin-binding protein associated with beta-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol (1984) 14.64

Transforming growth factor type beta: rapid induction of fibrosis and angiogenesis in vivo and stimulation of collagen formation in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 12.14

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Lancet (1988) 11.27

Penicillin-binding proteins and cell shape in E. coli. Nature (1975) 10.20

Complete DNA sequence of a serogroup A strain of Neisseria meningitidis Z2491. Nature (2000) 9.86

Control of a mucosal challenge and prevention of AIDS by a multiprotein DNA/MVA vaccine. Science (2001) 9.09

Multiple antibiotic resistance in a bacterium with suppressed autolytic system. Nature (1970) 9.07

Free recombination within Helicobacter pylori. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 8.06

Kanamycin-resistant vectors that are analogues of plasmids pUC8, pUC9, pEMBL8 and pEMBL9. Gene (1986) 7.97

Recombination within natural populations of pathogenic bacteria: short-term empirical estimates and long-term phylogenetic consequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 7.90

The evolution of pandemic clones of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: identification of two ancestral genetic backgrounds and the associated mec elements. Microb Drug Resist (2001) 7.78

Expression of methicillin resistance in heterogeneous strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1986) 7.71

The development of vancomycin resistance in a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. N Engl J Med (1999) 7.64

Multilocus sequence typing. Trends Microbiol (1999) 7.00

Penicillin-binding proteins of multiply antibiotic-resistant South African strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1980) 6.96

MRC image processing programs. J Struct Biol (1996) 6.91

Intercontinental spread of a multiresistant clone of serotype 23F Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Infect Dis (1991) 6.69

Nomenclature of major antimicrobial-resistant clones of Streptococcus pneumoniae defined by the pneumococcal molecular epidemiology network. J Clin Microbiol (2001) 6.66

Versatile low-copy-number plasmid vectors for cloning in Escherichia coli. Gene (1982) 6.62

The relative contributions of recombination and mutation to the divergence of clones of Neisseria meningitidis. Mol Biol Evol (1999) 6.23

Choline-containing teichoic acid as a structural component of pneumococcal cell wall and its role in sensitivity to lysis by an autolytic enzyme. J Biol Chem (1970) 6.06

Localized sex in bacteria. Nature (1991) 6.03

Biological consequences of the replacement of choline by ethanolamine in the cell wall of Pneumococcus: chanin formation, loss of transformability, and loss of autolysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1968) 5.92

New class of transforming growth factors potentiated by epidermal growth factor: isolation from non-neoplastic tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1981) 5.89

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Nocardia asteroides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1988) 5.56

On the nature of the pneumococcal activator substance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1966) 5.54

Choline in the cell wall of a bacterium: novel type of polymer-linked choline in Pneumococcus. Science (1967) 5.51

The evolution of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: similarity of genetic backgrounds in historically early methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates and contemporary epidemic clones. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 5.45

Horizontal transfer of multiple penicillin-binding protein genes, and capsular biosynthetic genes, in natural populations of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Microbiol (1991) 5.45

The mechanism of the irreversible antimicrobial effects of penicillins: how the beta-lactam antibiotics kill and lyse bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol (1979) 5.33

Multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pyogenes and the relationships between emm type and clone. Infect Immun (2001) 5.27

BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults: update 2009. Thorax (2009) 5.23

Reduced virulence of a defined pneumolysin-negative mutant of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect Immun (1989) 5.23

Resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics in isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from blood and cerebrospinal fluid, England and Wales, 1989-95. Lancet (1997) 5.22

Natural selection and the concept of a protein space. Nature (1970) 5.21

Recombination and the population structures of bacterial pathogens. Annu Rev Microbiol (2001) 5.14

Recombinational exchanges at the capsular polysaccharide biosynthetic locus lead to frequent serotype changes among natural isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Microbiol (1998) 5.12

Multiple changes of penicillin-binding proteins in penicillin-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1980) 5.12

Cellular metabolism in genetic transformation of pneumococci: requirement for protein synthesis during induction of competence. J Bacteriol (1970) 4.99

Evolution of genetic redundancy. Nature (1997) 4.95

Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to antimicrobial hydrophobic agents is modulated by the mtrRCDE efflux system. Microbiology (1995) 4.93

Peptidoglycan composition of a highly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain. The role of penicillin binding protein 2A. J Biol Chem (1992) 4.92

Involvement of multiple genetic determinants in high-level methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol (1989) 4.91

Interspecies recombinational events during the evolution of altered PBP 2x genes in penicillin-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Microbiol (1991) 4.85

Mechanism of action of penicillin: triggering of the pneumococcal autolytic enzyme by inhibitors of cell wall synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1975) 4.85

Penicillin-binding proteins of penicillin-susceptible and intrinsically resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1980) 4.80

SYNTHESIS OF A COMPOUND IDENTICAL WITH THE L. CASEI FACTOR ISOLATED FROM LIVER. Science (1945) 4.80

Extensive re-modelling of the transpeptidase domain of penicillin-binding protein 2B of a penicillin-resistant South African isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Microbiol (1989) 4.78

Temperature-sensitive cell division mutants of Escherichia coli with thermolabile penicillin-binding proteins. J Bacteriol (1977) 4.78

Crystal structure of a DExx box DNA helicase. Nature (1996) 4.69

Spread and maintenance of a dominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone during an outbreak of MRSA disease in a Spanish hospital. J Clin Microbiol (1994) 4.68

Estimating recombinational parameters in Streptococcus pneumoniae from multilocus sequence typing data. Genetics (2000) 4.61

The changing prevalence of asthma in school children. Clin Allergy (1971) 4.60

Inhibition of cell wall turnover and autolysis by vancomycin in a highly vancomycin-resistant mutant of Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol (1997) 4.52

Binding of thienamycin and clavulanic acid to the penicillin-binding proteins of Escherichia coli K-12. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1977) 4.45

Resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin and mortality from severe pneumococcal pneumonia in Barcelona, Spain. N Engl J Med (1995) 4.38

Molecular typing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis: comparison of results obtained in a multilaboratory effort using identical protocols and MRSA strains. Microb Drug Resist (2000) 4.24

Multiple mechanisms of methicillin resistance and improved methods for detection in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1991) 4.22

The rate of killing of Escherichia coli by beta-lactam antibiotics is strictly proportional to the rate of bacterial growth. J Gen Microbiol (1986) 4.09

The Structure and Synthesis of the Liver L. casei Factor. Science (1946) 4.08

Linkage disequilibrium and recombination in hominid mitochondrial DNA. Science (1999) 4.08

Electrical alternans and vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmias. N Engl J Med (1994) 4.00

High-level vancomycin-resistant enterococci causing hospital infections. Epidemiol Infect (1989) 3.95

Molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in 12 New York hospitals. MRSA Collaborative Study Group. J Infect Dis (1998) 3.94

Evidence for the introduction of a multiresistant clone of serotype 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae from Spain to Iceland in the late 1980s. J Infect Dis (1993) 3.94

The theory of games and the evolution of animal conflicts. J Theor Biol (1974) 3.93

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus disease in a Portuguese hospital: characterization of clonal types by a combination of DNA typing methods. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (1994) 3.87

Interspecies recombination, and phylogenetic distortions, within the glutamine synthetase and shikimate dehydrogenase genes of Neisseria meningitidis and commensal Neisseria species. Mol Microbiol (1997) 3.83

Resistance to vancomycin and teicoplanin: an emerging clinical problem. Clin Microbiol Rev (1990) 3.82

CD14 is a pattern recognition receptor. Immunity (1994) 3.79

Model for the mechanism controlling the expression of competent state in Pneumococcus cultures. J Bacteriol (1966) 3.77

Lipoteichoic acid: a specific inhibitor of autolysin activity in Pneumococcus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1975) 3.76

The induction of meningeal inflammation by components of the pneumococcal cell wall. J Infect Dis (1985) 3.66

Sigma-B, a putative operon encoding alternate sigma factor of Staphylococcus aureus RNA polymerase: molecular cloning and DNA sequencing. J Bacteriol (1996) 3.58

Genetics of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol Microbiol (1992) 3.58

Geographic distribution of penicillin-resistant clones of Streptococcus pneumoniae: characterization by penicillin-binding protein profile, surface protein A typing, and multilocus enzyme analysis. Clin Infect Dis (1992) 3.52

Polypeptide transforming growth factors isolated from bovine sources and used for wound healing in vivo. Science (1983) 3.51

Reassessment of the number of auxiliary genes essential for expression of high-level methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (1994) 3.50

Purification and properties of a type beta transforming growth factor from bovine kidney. Biochemistry (1983) 3.49

Contribution of autolysin to virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect Immun (1989) 3.45

Increased resistance to penicillin of pneumococci isolated from man. N Engl J Med (1971) 3.45

Evidence for the geographic spread of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone between Portugal and Spain. J Clin Microbiol (1995) 3.45

Retracted A link between virulence and ecological abundance in natural populations of Staphylococcus aureus. Science (2001) 3.44

Conversion of a homogeneously methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus to heterogeneous resistance by Tn551-mediated insertional inactivation. Eur J Clin Microbiol (1986) 3.44

Role of interspecies transfer of chromosomal genes in the evolution of penicillin resistance in pathogenic and commensal Neisseria species. J Mol Evol (1992) 3.44

Penicillin-binding proteins and the future of beta-lactam antibiotics. The Seventh Fleming Lecture. J Gen Microbiol (1983) 3.41

How sensitive are immunometric assays for thyrotropin? Clin Chem (1989) 3.39

Identification of three major clones of multiply antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Taiwanese hospitals by multilocus sequence typing. J Clin Microbiol (1998) 3.36

Increased amounts of a novel penicillin-binding protein in a strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exposed to nafcillin. J Clin Invest (1985) 3.35