Published in Cell on September 01, 1981
Vaccinia virus expression vector: coexpression of beta-galactosidase provides visual screening of recombinant virus plaques. Mol Cell Biol (1985) 13.99
General method for production and selection of infectious vaccinia virus recombinants expressing foreign genes. J Virol (1984) 10.98
Vaccinia virus: a selectable eukaryotic cloning and expression vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 7.81
In vitro mutagenesis of the promoter region for a vaccinia virus gene: evidence for tandem early and late regulatory signals. J Virol (1985) 5.77
Mapping of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene by marker rescue and by cell-free translation of selected mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 5.25
Construction and characterization of an infectious vaccinia virus recombinant that expresses the influenza hemagglutinin gene and induces resistance to influenza virus infection in hamsters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 4.69
Nucleotide sequence of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene and the nature of spontaneous frameshift mutations. J Virol (1983) 3.95
Eukaryotic transient expression system dependent on transcription factors and regulatory DNA sequences of vaccinia virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 3.61
One hundred base pairs of 5' flanking sequence of a vaccinia virus late gene are sufficient to temporally regulate late transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 3.23
Complete nucleotide sequences of two adjacent early vaccinia virus genes located within the inverted terminal repetition. J Virol (1982) 3.01
Oligonucleotide sequence signaling transcriptional termination of vaccinia virus early genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 2.84
Regulation of expression and nucleotide sequence of a late vaccinia virus gene. J Virol (1984) 2.84
Homology between RNA polymerases of poxviruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes: nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of vaccinia virus genes encoding 147-kDa and 22-kDa subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 2.71
Mapping of a gene coding for a major late structural polypeptide on the vaccinia virus genome. J Virol (1984) 2.44
Human respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein G expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus vector protects mice against live-virus challenge. J Virol (1986) 2.18
Transcription of vaccinia virus early genes by a template-dependent soluble extract of purified virions. J Virol (1985) 2.05
Nucleotide sequence of a cluster of early and late genes in a conserved segment of the vaccinia virus genome. Nucleic Acids Res (1985) 2.02
Studies of the membrane fusion activities of fusion peptide mutants of influenza virus hemagglutinin. J Virol (1995) 1.96
Antigenic specificity of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity directed against human immunodeficiency virus in antibody-positive sera. J Virol (1989) 1.87
Hemorrhage in lesions caused by cowpox virus is induced by a viral protein that is related to plasma protein inhibitors of serine proteases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.85
Expression of the major glycoprotein G of human respiratory syncytial virus from recombinant vaccinia virus vectors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.85
Amantadine selection of a mutant influenza virus containing an acid-stable hemagglutinin glycoprotein: evidence for virus-specific regulation of the pH of glycoprotein transport vesicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.79
Vaccinia virus late transcripts generated in vitro have a poly(A) head. EMBO J (1988) 1.58
Syncytium formation by recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying bovine parainfluenza 3 virus envelope protein genes. J Virol (1989) 1.50
Sequence and transcriptional analysis of the vaccinia virus HindIII I fragment. J Virol (1988) 1.49
A soluble transcription system derived from purified vaccinia virions. J Virol (1985) 1.45
Determination of the transcriptional regulatory region of a vaccinia virus late gene. J Virol (1987) 1.44
Studies using double mutants of the conformational transitions in influenza hemagglutinin required for its membrane fusion activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.43
Multiple 3' ends of mRNA encoding vaccinia virus growth factor occur within a series of repeated sequences downstream of T clusters. J Virol (1986) 1.40
Delineation of the viral products of recombination in vaccinia virus-infected cells. J Virol (1988) 1.40
Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies directed against two subunits of rabbit poxvirus-associated, DNA-directed RNA polymerase. J Virol (1985) 1.37
Construction and characterization of cDNA clones for four respiratory syncytial viral genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.35
Nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein. J Virol (1984) 1.31
Molecular cloning, encoding sequence, and expression of vaccinia virus nucleic acid-dependent nucleoside triphosphatase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.31
Effect of the recombinant vaccinia viruses that express HTLV-I envelope gene on HTLV-I infection. EMBO J (1987) 1.27
Amino acid sequence of human respiratory syncytial virus nucleocapsid protein. Nucleic Acids Res (1983) 1.21
A tandemly-oriented late gene cluster within the vaccinia virus genome. Nucleic Acids Res (1986) 1.20
Nucleotide sequence and transcript organization of a region of the vaccinia virus genome which encodes a constitutively expressed gene required for DNA replication. J Virol (1987) 1.14
Processing of gag precursor polyprotein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I by virus-encoded protease. J Virol (1988) 1.14
Transcriptional and translational analysis of the vaccinia virus late gene L65. J Virol (1985) 1.13
Mapping of the genes coding for the two major vaccinia virus core polypeptides. Nucleic Acids Res (1984) 1.12
Nucleotide sequence of an immediate-early frog virus 3 gene. J Virol (1984) 1.12
Vaccinia virus directs the synthesis of early mRNAs containing 5' poly(A) sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.07
Sequence homologies of diverse length tandem repetitions near ends of vaccinia virus genome suggest unequal crossing over. Nucleic Acids Res (1982) 1.06
In vitro transcription of a cloned vaccinia virus gene by a soluble extract prepared from vaccinia virus-infected HeLa cells. J Virol (1985) 1.02
Conserved sequences near the early transcription start sites of vaccinia virus. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 0.99
Sequence of terminal regions of cowpox virus DNA: arrangement of repeated and unique sequence elements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 0.98
Transcriptional mapping of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase gene. J Virol (1985) 0.96
Structural features of the murine dihydrofolate reductase transcription termination region: identification of a conserved DNA sequence element. Nucleic Acids Res (1986) 0.95
Vaccinia virus vectors: new strategies for producing recombinant vaccines. Clin Microbiol Rev (1990) 0.92
Construction of fowlpox virus vectors with intergenic insertions: expression of the beta-galactosidase gene and the measles virus fusion gene. J Virol (1990) 0.89
Construction of chimeric vaccinia viruses by molecular cloning and packaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 0.89
Recombinant fowlpox viruses expressing the glycoprotein B homolog and the pp38 gene of Marek's disease virus. J Virol (1992) 0.88
Reactivation of transcription from a vaccinia virus early promoter late in infection. J Virol (1993) 0.87
Gene coding for the late 11,000-dalton polypeptide of the Tian Tan strain of vaccinia virus and its 5'-flanking region: nucleotide sequence. J Virol (1986) 0.86
Antiviral activity of distamycin A against vaccinia virus is the result of inhibition of postreplicative mRNA synthesis. J Virol (2004) 0.86
Isolation of cis-acting vaccinia virus DNA fragments promoting the expression of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase by recombinant viruses. J Virol (1985) 0.83
A cellular protein binds vaccinia virus late promoters and activates transcription in vitro. J Virol (1998) 0.79
Fowlpox virus recombinants expressing the envelope glycoprotein of an avian reticuloendotheliosis retrovirus induce neutralizing antibodies and reduce viremia in chickens. J Virol (1993) 0.77
Investigating Viruses during the Transformation of Molecular Biology. J Biol Chem (2017) 0.75
Eukaryotic transient-expression system based on recombinant vaccinia virus that synthesizes bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 32.58
Vaccinia virus expression vector: coexpression of beta-galactosidase provides visual screening of recombinant virus plaques. Mol Cell Biol (1985) 13.99
In vitro mutagenesis identifies a region within the envelope gene of the human immunodeficiency virus that is critical for infectivity. J Virol (1988) 12.52
General method for production and selection of infectious vaccinia virus recombinants expressing foreign genes. J Virol (1984) 10.98
Control of a mucosal challenge and prevention of AIDS by a multiprotein DNA/MVA vaccine. Science (2001) 9.09
Induction of CD4-dependent cell fusion by the HTLV-III/LAV envelope glycoprotein. Nature (1986) 8.36
HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in seropositive individuals. Nature (1987) 7.88
Vaccinia virus: a selectable eukaryotic cloning and expression vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 7.81
Use of a hybrid vaccinia virus-T7 RNA polymerase system for expression of target genes. Mol Cell Biol (1987) 6.13
In vitro mutagenesis of the promoter region for a vaccinia virus gene: evidence for tandem early and late regulatory signals. J Virol (1985) 5.77
Influenza A virus nucleoprotein is a major target antigen for cross-reactive anti-influenza A virus cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 5.42
Mapping of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene by marker rescue and by cell-free translation of selected mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 5.25
Infectious vaccinia virus recombinants that express hepatitis B virus surface antigen. Nature (1983) 5.25
gp100/pmel 17 is a murine tumor rejection antigen: induction of "self"-reactive, tumoricidal T cells using high-affinity, altered peptide ligand. J Exp Med (1998) 5.24
Cap-independent translation of mRNA conferred by encephalomyocarditis virus 5' sequence improves the performance of the vaccinia virus/bacteriophage T7 hybrid expression system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 5.23
Methylated nucleotides block 5'-terminus of vaccinia virus messenger RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1975) 5.16
Structural characterization of reverse transcriptase and endonuclease polypeptides of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome retrovirus. J Virol (1986) 5.05
Nef protein of HIV-1 is a transcriptional repressor of HIV-1 LTR. Science (1988) 5.00
Escherichia coli gpt gene provides dominant selection for vaccinia virus open reading frame expression vectors. J Virol (1988) 4.92
An immunodominant epitope of the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp160 recognized by class I major histocompatibility complex molecule-restricted murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 4.72
Construction and characterization of an infectious vaccinia virus recombinant that expresses the influenza hemagglutinin gene and induces resistance to influenza virus infection in hamsters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 4.69
Nonreplicating vaccinia vector efficiently expresses recombinant genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 4.58
Complete nucleotide sequence of wild-type hepatitis A virus: comparison with different strains of hepatitis A virus and other picornaviruses. J Virol (1987) 4.49
Oligomeric structure of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 4.46
Long-term culture and fine specificity of human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte clones reactive with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 4.45
Assembly of vaccinia virus: role of the intermediate compartment between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi stacks. J Cell Biol (1993) 4.34
Human immunodeficiency virus-like particles produced by a vaccinia virus expression vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 4.26
Expression of the F glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus by a recombinant vaccinia virus: comparison of the individual contributions of the F and G glycoproteins to host immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 4.14
Nucleotide sequence of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene and the nature of spontaneous frameshift mutations. J Virol (1983) 3.95
Infectious poxvirus vectors have capacity for at least 25 000 base pairs of foreign DNA. Gene (1983) 3.94
Replication-deficient vaccinia virus encoding bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase for transient gene expression in mammalian cells. Virology (1995) 3.87
Extracellular vaccinia virus formation and cell-to-cell virus transmission are prevented by deletion of the gene encoding the 37,000-Dalton outer envelope protein. J Virol (1991) 3.79
Rifampicin: a specific inhibitor of vaccinia virus assembly. Nature (1969) 3.74
Compact, synthetic, vaccinia virus early/late promoter for protein expression. Biotechniques (1997) 3.74
Structure of vaccinia virus early promoters. J Mol Biol (1989) 3.73
Methylation of newly synthesized viral messenger RNA by an enzyme in vaccinia virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 3.68
Vaccination with a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding a "self" antigen induces autoimmune vitiligo and tumor cell destruction in mice: requirement for CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 3.66
Purification of mRNA guanylyltransferase and mRNA (guanine-7-) methyltransferase from vaccinia virions. J Biol Chem (1975) 3.66
Decreased virulence of recombinant vaccinia virus expression vectors is associated with a thymidine kinase-negative phenotype. Nature (1985) 3.62
Folding, interaction with GRP78-BiP, assembly, and transport of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein. J Virol (1991) 3.62
Eukaryotic transient expression system dependent on transcription factors and regulatory DNA sequences of vaccinia virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 3.61
Alternative equilibria in shallow lakes. Trends Ecol Evol (1993) 3.55
Vaccinia virus recombinants: expression of VSV genes and protective immunization of mice and cattle. Science (1985) 3.54
Regulated expression of foreign genes in vaccinia virus under the control of bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase and the Escherichia coli lac repressor. J Virol (1992) 3.53
Resistance to human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induced by immunization of cotton rats with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the RSV G glycoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 3.53
Synthesis and cellular location of the ten influenza polypeptides individually expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses. Virology (1987) 3.53
Formation of a vaccinia virus structural polypeptide from a higher molecular weight precursor: inhibition by rifampicin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1970) 3.50
Methylated nucleotides block 5' terminus of HeLa cell messenger RNA. Cell (1975) 3.46
Structure of vaccinia virus late promoters. J Mol Biol (1989) 3.42
The cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to multiple hepatitis B virus polymerase epitopes during and after acute viral hepatitis. J Exp Med (1995) 3.34
Native oligomeric human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein elicits diverse monoclonal antibody reactivities. J Virol (1994) 3.32
Direct mapping of adeno-associated virus capsid proteins B and C: a possible ACG initiation codon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 3.31
Inhibition of HeLa cell protein synthesis by the vaccinia virion. J Virol (1968) 3.28
Immunobiology and pathogenesis of hepatocellular injury in hepatitis B virus transgenic mice. Science (1990) 3.26
Role of cell-associated enveloped vaccinia virus in cell-to-cell spread. J Virol (1992) 3.24
Recombinant vaccinia virus primes and stimulates influenza haemagglutinin-specific cytotoxic T cells. Nature (1984) 3.21
Expression of the HTLV-III envelope gene by a recombinant vaccinia virus. Nature (1986) 3.19
Fusion of intra- and extracellular forms of vaccinia virus with the cell membrane. J Virol (1990) 3.18
Host range and cytopathogenicity of the highly attenuated MVA strain of vaccinia virus: propagation and generation of recombinant viruses in a nonhuman mammalian cell line. Virology (1997) 3.17
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is a target for cytotoxic T lymphocytes in infected individuals. Science (1988) 3.12
Cell-free translation of early and late mRNAs selected by hybridization to cloned DNA fragments derived from the left 14 million to 72 million daltons of the vaccinia virus genome. Virology (1981) 3.10
Human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein/CD4-mediated fusion of nonprimate cells with human cells. J Virol (1990) 3.07
Homology between DNA polymerases of poxviruses, herpesviruses, and adenoviruses: nucleotide sequence of the vaccinia virus DNA polymerase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 3.07
Live recombinant vaccinia virus protects chimpanzees against hepatitis B. Nature (1984) 3.03
Identification of viral molecules recognized by influenza-specific human cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med (1987) 3.02
Complete nucleotide sequences of two adjacent early vaccinia virus genes located within the inverted terminal repetition. J Virol (1982) 3.01
Interruption by Rifampin of an early stage in vaccinia virus morphogenesis: accumulation of membranes which are precursors of virus envelopes. J Virol (1970) 3.00
Surface expression of viral glycoproteins is polarized in epithelial cells infected with recombinant vaccinia viral vectors. EMBO J (1986) 3.00
Hydroxylapatite chromatography of protein-sodium dodecyl sulfate complexes. A new method for the separation of polypeptide subunits. J Biol Chem (1972) 2.97
Transient dominant selection of recombinant vaccinia viruses. J Virol (1990) 2.97
In vitro translation of immediate early, early, and late classes of RNA from vaccinia virus-infected cells. Virology (1979) 2.97
Macrophage-tropic HIV and SIV envelope proteins induce a signal through the CCR5 chemokine receptor. Nature (1997) 2.94
Molecular cloning and characterization of hepatitis A virus cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 2.92
Sequential protein synthesis following vaccinia virus infection. J Virol (1968) 2.89
Oligonucleotide sequence signaling transcriptional termination of vaccinia virus early genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 2.84
Regulation of expression and nucleotide sequence of a late vaccinia virus gene. J Virol (1984) 2.84
Purification and characterization of a transcription termination factor from vaccinia virions. J Biol Chem (1987) 2.83
A myristylated membrane protein encoded by the vaccinia virus L1R open reading frame is the target of potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Virology (1995) 2.82
Overexpression of the HIV-1 gag-pol polyprotein results in intracellular activation of HIV-1 protease and inhibition of assembly and budding of virus-like particles. Virology (1993) 2.81
Genome-wide analysis of vaccinia virus protein-protein interactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 2.81
A synthetic HIV-1 protease inhibitor with antiviral activity arrests HIV-like particle maturation. Science (1990) 2.80
Vaccinia virus A17L open reading frame encodes an essential component of nascent viral membranes that is required to initiate morphogenesis. J Virol (1996) 2.77
Incompletely base-paired flip-flop terminal loops link the two DNA strands of the vaccinia virus genome into one uninterrupted polynucleotide chain. Cell (1982) 2.76
Modification of RNA by mRNA guanylyltransferase and mRNA (guanine-7-)methyltransferase from vaccinia virions. J Biol Chem (1975) 2.76
Vaccinia virus expression vectors. Annu Rev Immunol (1987) 2.75
Modification of the 5' end of mRNA. Association of RNA triphosphatase with the RNA guanylyltransferase-RNA (guanine-7-)methyltransferase complex from vaccinia virus. J Biol Chem (1980) 2.72
Homology between RNA polymerases of poxviruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes: nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of vaccinia virus genes encoding 147-kDa and 22-kDa subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 2.71
Systemic cancer therapy with a tumor-selective vaccinia virus mutant lacking thymidine kinase and vaccinia growth factor genes. Cancer Res (2001) 2.68
Vaccinia virus thymidine kinase and neighboring genes: mRNAs and polypeptides of wild-type virus and putative nonsense mutants. J Virol (1983) 2.68