Published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A on November 25, 1997
Direct binding of Smad3 and Smad4 to critical TGF beta-inducible elements in the promoter of human plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1 gene. EMBO J (1998) 10.01
The tumor suppressor SMAD4/DPC4 is essential for epiblast proliferation and mesoderm induction in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 2.51
Determinants of specificity in TGF-beta signal transduction. Genes Dev (1998) 2.23
Smad proteins exist as monomers in vivo and undergo homo- and hetero-oligomerization upon activation by serine/threonine kinase receptors. EMBO J (1998) 2.20
Failure of egg cylinder elongation and mesoderm induction in mouse embryos lacking the tumor suppressor smad2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.94
The BMP signaling and in vivo bone formation. Gene (2005) 1.82
The L3 loop: a structural motif determining specific interactions between SMAD proteins and TGF-beta receptors. EMBO J (1998) 1.54
STRAP and Smad7 synergize in the inhibition of transforming growth factor beta signaling. Mol Cell Biol (2000) 1.45
CREB binding protein is a required coactivator for Smad-dependent, transforming growth factor beta transcriptional responses in endothelial cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 1.39
Molecular evolution of a developmental pathway: phylogenetic analyses of transforming growth factor-beta family ligands, receptors and Smad signal transducers. Genetics (1999) 1.39
Integrin activation and internalization on soft ECM as a mechanism of induction of stem cell differentiation by ECM elasticity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.31
Identification of small molecule activators of BMP signaling. PLoS One (2013) 0.90
The orphan nuclear receptor SHP is a positive regulator of osteoblastic bone formation. J Bone Miner Res (2010) 0.86
Structural basis for the functional difference between Smad2 and Smad3 in FAST-2 (forkhead activin signal transducer-2)-mediated transcription. Biochem J (2000) 0.83
Functional redundancy of type II BMP receptor and type IIB activin receptor in BMP2-induced osteoblast differentiation. J Cell Physiol (2012) 0.83
A maternal Smad protein regulates early embryonic apoptosis in Xenopus laevis. Mol Cell Biol (2002) 0.81
Expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, 4, and related components of the BMP signaling pathway in the mouse uterus during the estrous cycle. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B (2014) 0.77
The biological function of type I receptors of bone morphogenetic protein in bone. Bone Res (2016) 0.76
An activin A/BMP2 chimera, AB204, displays bone-healing properties superior to those of BMP2. J Bone Miner Res (2014) 0.75
Point mutations define a sequence flanking the AUG initiator codon that modulates translation by eukaryotic ribosomes. Cell (1986) 42.45
DPC4, a candidate tumor suppressor gene at human chromosome 18q21.1. Science (1996) 11.13
The MAD-related protein Smad7 associates with the TGFbeta receptor and functions as an antagonist of TGFbeta signaling. Cell (1997) 6.34
Receptor-associated Mad homologues synergize as effectors of the TGF-beta response. Nature (1996) 5.30
Partnership between DPC4 and SMAD proteins in TGF-beta signalling pathways. Nature (1996) 5.21
Expression pattern of the mouse T gene and its role in mesoderm formation. Nature (1990) 4.97
MADR2 is a substrate of the TGFbeta receptor and its phosphorylation is required for nuclear accumulation and signaling. Cell (1996) 4.70
Expression cloning of the TGF-beta type II receptor, a functional transmembrane serine/threonine kinase. Cell (1992) 4.68
GS domain mutations that constitutively activate T beta R-I, the downstream signaling component in the TGF-beta receptor complex. EMBO J (1995) 4.63
Xenopus chordin: a novel dorsalizing factor activated by organizer-specific homeobox genes. Cell (1994) 4.53
A human Mad protein acting as a BMP-regulated transcriptional activator. Nature (1996) 4.36
MADR2 maps to 18q21 and encodes a TGFbeta-regulated MAD-related protein that is functionally mutated in colorectal carcinoma. Cell (1996) 4.13
MADR1, a MAD-related protein that functions in BMP2 signaling pathways. Cell (1996) 3.87
Identification of type I receptors for osteogenic protein-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-4. J Biol Chem (1994) 3.49
Expression of a Xenopus homolog of Brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction. Cell (1991) 3.40
Expression cloning of an activin receptor, a predicted transmembrane serine kinase. Cell (1991) 3.28
The TGF-beta family mediator Smad1 is phosphorylated directly and activated functionally by the BMP receptor kinase. Genes Dev (1997) 3.28
Molecular nature of Spemann's organizer: the role of the Xenopus homeobox gene goosecoid. Cell (1991) 3.23
Characterization of type I receptors for transforming growth factor-beta and activin. Science (1994) 2.94
The tumor suppressor Smad4/DPC 4 as a central mediator of Smad function. Curr Biol (1997) 2.61
Type I receptors specify growth-inhibitory and transcriptional responses to transforming growth factor beta and activin. Mol Cell Biol (1994) 2.59
Xenopus Mad proteins transduce distinct subsets of signals for the TGF beta superfamily. Cell (1996) 2.56
A novel mesoderm inducer, Madr2, functions in the activin signal transduction pathway. Genes Dev (1996) 2.47
A truncated bone morphogenetic protein receptor affects dorsal-ventral patterning in the early Xenopus embryo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 2.40
A homeobox gene essential for zebrafish notochord development. Nature (1995) 2.25
Inhibition of Xbra transcription activation causes defects in mesodermal patterning and reveals autoregulation of Xbra in dorsal mesoderm. Development (1996) 2.13
Studies with a Xenopus BMP receptor suggest that ventral mesoderm-inducing signals override dorsal signals in vivo. Cell (1994) 2.12
TGF-beta signalling through the Smad pathway. Trends Cell Biol (1997) 1.88
Activation of signalling by the activin receptor complex. Mol Cell Biol (1996) 1.79
TGF-beta receptors and actions. Biochim Biophys Acta (1994) 1.78
Determination of type I receptor specificity by the type II receptors for TGF-beta or activin. Science (1993) 1.66
Induction of the Xenopus organizer: expression and regulation of Xnot, a novel FGF and activin-regulated homeo box gene. Genes Dev (1993) 1.56
Smad5 induces ventral fates in Xenopus embryo. Dev Biol (1997) 1.49
Regulation of transforming growth factor beta- and activin-induced transcription by mammalian Mad proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.46
Cloning and characterization of a transmembrane serine kinase that acts as an activin type I receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 1.19
A truncated bone morphogenetic protein 4 receptor alters the fate of ventral mesoderm to dorsal mesoderm: roles of animal pole tissue in the development of ventral mesoderm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.19
Mesoderm-inducing factors and mesodermal patterning. Curr Opin Cell Biol (1995) 1.16
Cloning and characterization of a novel member of the human Mad gene family (MADH6). Genomics (1997) 1.08
Overexpression of the homeobox gene Xnot-2 leads to notochord formation in Xenopus. Dev Biol (1996) 0.95
The transforming growth factor beta type II receptor can replace the activin type II receptor in inducing mesoderm. Mol Cell Biol (1994) 0.90
Characterization of a 41-residue ovine hypothalamic peptide that stimulates secretion of corticotropin and beta-endorphin. Science (1981) 9.64
Hypothalamic polypeptide that inhibits the secretion of immunoreactive pituitary growth hormone. Science (1973) 7.47
Sustained beta cell apoptosis in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes: indirect evidence for islet regeneration? Diabetologia (2005) 4.61
Distribution of mRNAs encoding CRF receptors in brain and pituitary of rat and mouse. J Comp Neurol (2000) 4.17
The melanin-concentrating hormone system of the rat brain: an immuno- and hybridization histochemical characterization. J Comp Neurol (1992) 3.53
Interleukin-1 stimulates the secretion of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor. Science (1987) 3.45
Corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1-deficient mice display decreased anxiety, impaired stress response, and aberrant neuroendocrine development. Neuron (1998) 3.08
Elevated concentrations of CSF corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivity in depressed patients. Science (1984) 2.83
Coupling of hormonal stimulation and transcription via the cyclic AMP-responsive factor CREB is rate limited by nuclear entry of protein kinase A. Mol Cell Biol (1993) 2.79
beta-Endorphin and adrenocorticotropin are selected concomitantly by the pituitary gland. Science (1977) 2.68
Characterization of a growth hormone-releasing factor from a human pancreatic islet tumour. Nature (1982) 2.44
Purification and characterization of an FSH releasing protein from porcine ovarian follicular fluid. Nature (1986) 2.29
Activins are expressed early in Xenopus embryogenesis and can induce axial mesoderm and anterior structures. Cell (1990) 2.22
Betaglycan binds inhibin and can mediate functional antagonism of activin signalling. Nature (2000) 2.17
Distribution of corticotropin-releasing factor receptor mRNA expression in the rat brain and pituitary. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 2.14
Culture of enzymatically dispersed pituitary cells: functional validation of a method. Endocrinology (1972) 2.09
Rapid regression of uterine leiomyomas in response to daily administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist. Fertil Steril (1993) 2.09
Appetite-suppressing effects of urocortin, a CRF-related neuropeptide. Science (1996) 1.91
Synthetic competitive antagonists of corticotropin-releasing factor: effect on ACTH secretion in the rat. Science (1984) 1.87
Identification of a second corticotropin-releasing factor receptor gene and characterization of a cDNA expressed in heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.86
Chemical and biological characterization of corticotropin releasing factor. Recent Prog Horm Res (1983) 1.86
Corticotropin releasing factor produces behavioural activation in rats. Nature (1982) 1.82
Suppression of pancreatic endocrine tumour secretion by long-acting somatostatin analogue. Lancet (1979) 1.81
Autocrine production of interleukin 6 causes multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells. Cancer Res (2001) 1.79
Primary structure of corticotropin-releasing factor from ovine hypothalamus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1981) 1.78
Corticotropin releasing factor decreases postburst hyperpolarizations and excites hippocampal neurons. Science (1983) 1.77
Somatostatin. Recent Prog Horm Res (1975) 1.67
Preliminary observations on the effect of synthetic thyrotropin releasing factor on plasma thyrotropin levels in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1970) 1.67
Regulatory peptides of the hypothalamus. Annu Rev Physiol (1977) 1.64
Modulation of stress-induced ACTH release by corticotropin-releasing factor, catecholamines and vasopressin. Nature (1983) 1.64
Differential regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor mRNA in rat brain regions by glucocorticoids and stress. J Neurosci (1991) 1.62
Somatotroph hyperplasia. Successful treatment of acromegaly by removal of a pancreatic islet tumor secreting a growth hormone-releasing factor. J Clin Invest (1982) 1.60
Corticotropin-releasing factor: actions on the sympathetic nervous system and metabolism. Endocrinology (1982) 1.58
Characterization of rat hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.58
"Medical oophorectomy" using a long-acting GNRH agonist--a possible new approach to the treatment of endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1982) 1.57
Urocortin-1 and -2 double-deficient mice show robust anxiolytic phenotype and modified serotonergic activity in anxiety circuits. Mol Psychiatry (2009) 1.57
Intraventricular corticotropin-releasing factor enhances behavioral effects of novelty. Life Sci (1982) 1.57
Reversible inhibition of testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis by a potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in normal men: an approach toward the development of a male contraceptive. N Engl J Med (1981) 1.57
Primary structure of the ovine hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) (LH-hypothalamus-LRF-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-decapeptide-Edman degradation). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1972) 1.57
RLIM inhibits functional activity of LIM homeodomain transcription factors via recruitment of the histone deacetylase complex. Nat Genet (1999) 1.56
Corticotropin releasing factor produces increases in brain excitability and convulsive seizures in rats. Brain Res (1983) 1.55
Assay of corticotropin releasing factor. Methods Enzymol (1983) 1.53
Potent and long-acting corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor 2 selective peptide competitive antagonists. J Med Chem (2002) 1.53
The functional neuroanatomy of corticotropin-releasing factor. Ciba Found Symp (1993) 1.52
Regulation of transforming growth factor beta- and activin-induced transcription by mammalian Mad proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.46
Effect of ethanol on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the rat: role of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). J Pharmacol Exp Ther (1984) 1.46
Corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist attenuates the "anxiogenic-like" effect in the defensive burying paradigm but not in the elevated plus-maze following chronic cocaine in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) (1999) 1.46
Potent, structurally constrained agonists and competitive antagonists of corticotropin-releasing factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.45
The effect of somatostatin analogs on secretion of growth, pancreatic, and gastrointestinal hormones in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1981) 1.42
Isolation of human cDNAs that restore methotrexate sensitivity and reduced folate carrier activity in methotrexate transport-defective Chinese hamster ovary cells. J Biol Chem (1995) 1.42
CRF2 receptor activation prevents colorectal distension induced visceral pain and spinal ERK1/2 phosphorylation in rats. Gut (2005) 1.41
Gonadal and extragonadal expression of inhibin alpha, beta A, and beta B subunits in various tissues predicts diverse functions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 1.40
Detection and purification of inhibin using antisera generated against synthetic peptide fragments. Methods Enzymol (1989) 1.38
Effects of somatostatin on the secretion of thyrotropin and prolactin. Endocrinology (1974) 1.38
Interaction of corticotropin-releasing factor and arginine vasopressin on adrenocorticotropin secretion in vivo. Endocrinology (1983) 1.38
Characterization of ovine hypothalamic hypophysiotropic TSH-releasing factor. Nature (1970) 1.36
Ontogeny of the stress response in the rat: role of the pituitary and the hypothalamus. Endocrinology (1986) 1.36
Isolation and sequence analysis of a somatostatin-like polypeptide from ovine hypothalamus. Biochemistry (1981) 1.35
Impaired growth hormone responses to growth hormone-releasing factor in obesity. A pituitary defect reversed with weight reduction. N Engl J Med (1984) 1.35
Development of Cushing's syndrome in corticotropin-releasing factor transgenic mice. Endocrinology (1992) 1.34
Isolation and characterization of somatostatin from pigeon pancreas. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 1.34
Mapping of glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactive neurons in the rat tel- and diencephalon using a monoclonal antibody against rat liver glucocorticoid receptor. Endocrinology (1985) 1.32
In vivo corticotropin-releasing factor-induced secretion of adrenocorticotropin, beta-endorphin, and corticosterone. Endocrinology (1982) 1.32
Impaired membrane transport in methotrexate-resistant CCRF-CEM cells involves early translation termination and increased turnover of a mutant reduced folate carrier. J Biol Chem (1999) 1.29
The rat melanin-concentrating hormone messenger ribonucleic acid encodes multiple putative neuropeptides coexpressed in the dorsolateral hypothalamus. Endocrinology (1989) 1.28
Presence of calcium ions as a requisite for the in vitro stimulation of TSH-release by hypothalamic TRF. Experientia (1967) 1.27
Transcriptional regulation of growth hormone gene expression by growth hormone-releasing factor. Nature (1983) 1.27
Purification, amino acid composition and N-terminus of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LRF) of ovine origin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1971) 1.27
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF): immunoreactive neurones and fibers in rat hypothalamus. Regul Pept (1982) 1.27
Purification and partial characterization of inhibin from porcine follicular fluid. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1985) 1.27
Characterization of a teleost gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.26
D-Trp8-somatostatin: an analog of somatostatin more potent than the native molecule. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1975) 1.24
Characterization of rat hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing factor. Nature (1983) 1.24
Biologic and immunologic activities and applications of somatostatin analogs. Metabolism (1978) 1.23
Human pancreatic growth-hormone-releasing factor selectively stimulates growth-hormone secretion in man. Lancet (1983) 1.23
Release of immunoreactive somatostatin from the pancreas in response to glucose, amino acids, pancreozymin-cholecystokinin, and tolbutamide. J Clin Invest (1977) 1.22
Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor antagonist [4Cl-D-Phe6, Leu17] VIP. Am J Physiol (1986) 1.22
Inhibition of growth hormone release in humans by somatostatin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1973) 1.22
Calcium-dependent release of somatostatin and neurotensin from rat brain in vitro. Nature (1978) 1.21
Expression-cloning and sequence of a cDNA encoding human growth hormone-releasing factor. Nature (1983) 1.20
Influence of corticotropin-releasing factor on reproductive functions in the rat. Endocrinology (1984) 1.20
Evidence for an autocrine role of activin B within rat anterior pituitary cultures. Endocrinology (1991) 1.19
Crystal structure of lactoperoxidase at 2.4 A resolution. J Mol Biol (2007) 1.19
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF): central effects on mean arterial pressure and heart rate in rats. Endocrinology (1982) 1.19
A conservative approach to the management of uterine leiomyoma: pituitary desensitization by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1983) 1.19
Introduction of rat growth hormone gene into mouse fibroblasts via a retroviral DNA vector: expression and regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 1.18
Therapeutic use of pituitary desensitization with a long-acting lhrh agonist: a potential new treatment for idiopathic precocious puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1981) 1.17
Bombesin:potent effects on thermoregulation in the rat. Science (1977) 1.16
Inhibin A-subunit cDNAs from porcine ovary and human placenta. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.16
In the mouse, the activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis by a lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) is mediated through interleukin-1. Endocrinology (1989) 1.16
Diminished responsiveness of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of the rat during exposure to prolonged stress: a pituitary-mediated mechanism. Endocrinology (1987) 1.15
Importance of FSH-releasing protein and inhibin in erythrodifferentiation. Nature (1988) 1.15
Growth hormone-releasing factor stimulates proliferation of somatotrophs in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.14
Effect of synthetic ovine corticotropin-releasing factor. Dose response of plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol. J Clin Invest (1983) 1.14
Reduction in the expression and action of transforming growth factor beta 1 on lactotropes during estrogen-induced tumorigenesis in the anterior pituitary. Cancer Res (1995) 1.14
Chemical and biological characterization of the inhibin family of protein hormones. Recent Prog Horm Res (1988) 1.14
Characterization of melanin-concentrating hormone from rat hypothalamus. Endocrinology (1989) 1.13
Characterization of rat brain microsomal acyl-coenzyme A ligases: different enzymes for the synthesis of palmitoyl-coenzyme A and lignoceroyl-coenzyme A. Arch Biochem Biophys (1986) 1.13
Patterns of growth hormone-releasing factor and somatostatin secretion into the hypophysial-portal circulation of the rat. Science (1985) 1.13
Substances modulating the secretion of ACTH by cultured anterior pituitary cells. Fed Proc (1977) 1.13