Published in BMJ on November 27, 1999
Childhood body-mass index and the risk of coronary heart disease in adulthood. N Engl J Med (2007) 8.84
Life course epidemiology. J Epidemiol Community Health (2003) 6.75
Early growth and coronary heart disease in later life: longitudinal study. BMJ (2001) 5.25
Fetal and early life growth and body mass index from birth to early adulthood in 1958 British cohort: longitudinal study. BMJ (2001) 2.67
Influence of variation in birth weight within normal range and within sibships on IQ at age 7 years: cohort study. BMJ (2001) 2.42
Longitudinal study of birth weight and adult body mass index in predicting risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in women. BMJ (2005) 1.90
Early developmental conditioning of later health and disease: physiology or pathophysiology? Physiol Rev (2014) 1.86
Sex differences in the fetal programming of hypertension. Gend Med (2008) 1.69
Boys live dangerously in the womb. Am J Hum Biol (2010) 1.60
Tallness and overweight during childhood have opposing effects on breast cancer risk. Br J Cancer (2001) 1.41
Review: The placenta is a programming agent for cardiovascular disease. Placenta (2010) 1.39
Early and late growth and blood pressure in adolescence. J Epidemiol Community Health (2003) 1.35
Prenatal programming of angiotensin II type 2 receptor expression in the rat. Br J Nutr (2004) 1.28
Sex-specific effects of prenatal low-protein and carbenoxolone exposure on renal angiotensin receptor expression in rats. Hypertension (2005) 1.22
Placental insufficiency results in temporal alterations in the renin angiotensin system in male hypertensive growth restricted offspring. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (2007) 1.20
The cost of catching up: increased winter mortality following structural growth compensation in the wild. Proc Biol Sci (2006) 1.13
Growth of girls who later develop coronary heart disease. Heart (2004) 1.09
[Monitoring mortality in Pelotas birth cohort from 1982 to 2006, Southern Brazil]. Rev Saude Publica (2008) 1.08
Sex-specific associations of gestational glucose tolerance with childhood body composition. Diabetes Care (2013) 1.05
Blood pressure, hypertension and mortality from circulatory disease in men and women who survived the siege of Leningrad. Eur J Epidemiol (2007) 1.04
Fetal exposure to cocaine causes programming of Prkce gene repression in the left ventricle of adult rat offspring. Biol Reprod (2008) 1.04
Nutrition, epigenetics, and metabolic syndrome. Antioxid Redox Signal (2012) 1.04
Racial variation in sex steroid hormones and the insulin-like growth factor axis in umbilical cord blood of male neonates. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev (2009) 1.02
Birth weight, childhood body mass index and risk of coronary heart disease in adults: combined historical cohort studies. PLoS One (2010) 1.01
A common cause for a common phenotype: the gatekeeper hypothesis in fetal programming. Med Hypotheses (2011) 1.01
Declines in birth weight and fetal growth independent of gestational length. Obstet Gynecol (2013) 0.99
The relation between birth size and the results of refractive error and biometry measurements in children. Br J Ophthalmol (2004) 0.99
Integrative transcriptome meta-analysis reveals widespread sex-biased gene expression at the human fetal-maternal interface. Mol Hum Reprod (2014) 0.99
Factors associated with the prevalence of hypertension in the southeastern United States: insights from 69,211 blacks and whites in the Southern Community Cohort Study. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes (2013) 0.96
Relationship between dietary folate intakes, maternal plasma total homocysteine and B-vitamins during pregnancy and fetal growth in Japan. Eur J Nutr (2007) 0.91
Prenatal ultrasound biometry related to subsequent blood pressure in childhood. J Epidemiol Community Health (2002) 0.91
Short- and long-term adverse effects of cocaine abuse during pregnancy on the heart development. Ther Adv Cardiovasc Dis (2009) 0.90
Effects of in Utero Exposure to Arsenic during the Second Half of Gestation on Reproductive End Points and Metabolic Parameters in Female CD-1 Mice. Environ Health Perspect (2015) 0.89
Growth in height in childhood and risk of coronary heart disease in adult men and women. PLoS One (2012) 0.88
Developmental programming of cardiovascular disease following intrauterine growth restriction: findings utilising a rat model of maternal protein restriction. Nutrients (2014) 0.87
Childhood body mass index and adult pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic risk factors: data from the New Delhi birth cohort. Int J Epidemiol (2010) 0.85
Prediction equations for body-fat percentage in Indian infants and young children using skinfold thickness and mid-arm circumference. J Health Popul Nutr (2010) 0.84
Children of low socioeconomic status show accelerated linear growth in early childhood; results from the Generation R Study. PLoS One (2012) 0.84
Small size for gestational age and the risk for infant mortality in the subsequent pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol (2012) 0.83
Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Epidemiol Rep (2014) 0.83
Duration of gestation, size at birth and later childhood behaviour. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol (2011) 0.82
Preimplantation stress and development. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today (2012) 0.82
Early developmental influences on hepatic organogenesis. Organogenesis (2008) 0.82
Chronic undernutrition alters renal active Na+ transport in young rats: potential hidden basis for pathophysiological alterations in adulthood? Eur J Nutr (2009) 0.81
Cohort profile: The Limache, Chile, birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol (2013) 0.81
Impact of Maternal Diet on the Epigenome during In Utero Life and the Developmental Programming of Diseases in Childhood and Adulthood. Nutrients (2015) 0.81
Parental height in relation to offspring coronary heart disease: examining transgenerational influences on health using the west of Scotland Midspan Family Study. Int J Epidemiol (2012) 0.80
Telomere length in the two extremes of abnormal fetal growth and the programming effect of maternal arterial hypertension. Sci Rep (2015) 0.80
The omniscient placenta: Metabolic and epigenetic regulation of fetal programming. Front Neuroendocrinol (2015) 0.80
Very low maternal lead level in pregnancy and birth outcomes in an eastern Massachusetts population. Ann Epidemiol (2014) 0.80
Promoter methylation of Egr-1 site contributes to fetal hypoxia-mediated PKCε gene repression in the developing heart. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (2013) 0.78
Gross placental measures and childhood growth. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med (2009) 0.78
Rate of weight gain in very-low birth weight Puerto Rican neonates. P R Health Sci J (2008) 0.78
Adolescent BMI at Northern Israel: From Trends, to Associated Variables and Comorbidities, and to Medical Signatures. Medicine (Baltimore) (2016) 0.77
Placental size is associated with mental health in children and adolescents. PLoS One (2012) 0.77
Increase of long-term 'diabesity' risk, hyperphagia, and altered hypothalamic neuropeptide expression in neonatally overnourished 'small-for-gestational-age' (SGA) rats. PLoS One (2013) 0.77
Early onset intrauterine growth restriction in a mouse model of gestational hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Biomed Res Int (2014) 0.76
No Weight Catch-Up Growth of SGA Infants Is Associated with Impaired Insulin Sensitivity during the Early Postnatal Period. Int J Pediatr (2010) 0.76
Weight Gain and Height Growth during Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence as Predictors of Adult Cardiovascular Risk. J Pediatr (2016) 0.75
Impact of uteroplacental insufficiency on postnatal rat male gonad. J Endocrinol (2016) 0.75
Demographic Characteristics, Health Behaviors Before and During Pregnancy, and Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes in Mothers with Different Pregnancy Planning Status. Prev Sci (2016) 0.75
Developmental programming: State-of-the-science and future directions-Summary from a Pennington Biomedical symposium. Obesity (Silver Spring) (2016) 0.75
Kidney stones: a fetal origins hypothesis. J Bone Miner Res (2013) 0.75
Growth in Total Height and Its Components and Cardiometabolic Health in Childhood. PLoS One (2016) 0.75
Surge of immune cell formation at birth differs by mode of delivery and infant characteristics-A population-based cohort study. PLoS One (2017) 0.75
Fetal origins of coronary heart disease. BMJ (1995) 11.27
Catch-up growth in childhood and death from coronary heart disease: longitudinal study. BMJ (1999) 5.17
Early growth and death from cardiovascular disease in women. BMJ (1993) 5.15
Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: cohort study of 15 000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29. BMJ (1998) 4.93
Birth weight and risk of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of women followed up since 1976. BMJ (1997) 4.49
Growth in utero and serum cholesterol concentrations in adult life. BMJ (1993) 4.34
Fetal growth and coronary heart disease in south India. Lancet (1996) 4.33
Mother's weight in pregnancy and coronary heart disease in a cohort of Finnish men: follow up study. BMJ (1997) 3.63
Relation of size at birth to non-insulin dependent diabetes and insulin concentrations in men aged 50-60 years. BMJ (1996) 3.23
Mothers' pelvic size, fetal growth, and death from stroke and coronary heart disease in men in the UK. Lancet (1996) 3.02
Constructing time-specific reference ranges. Stat Med (1991) 2.70
The relation of fetal length, ponderal index and head circumference to blood pressure and the risk of hypertension in adult life. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol (1992) 2.39
Plasma concentrations of fibrinogen and factor VII in adult life and their relation to intra-uterine growth. Br J Haematol (1995) 1.91
THE EFFECT OF FINITE PERIODS OF UNDERNUTRITION AT DIFFERENT AGES ON THE COMPOSITION AND SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE RAT. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci (1963) 1.89
Growth in utero, adult blood pressure, and arterial compliance. Br Heart J (1995) 1.80
Ultrasound evidence of sexual difference in fetal size in first trimester. Br Med J (1980) 1.71
Validity of diagnoses of major coronary events in national registers of hospital diagnoses and deaths in Finland. Eur J Epidemiol (1997) 1.46
The validity of hospital discharge register data on coronary heart disease in Finland. Eur J Epidemiol (1997) 1.36
Transmission through the female line of a mechanism constraining human fetal growth. Ann Hum Biol (1986) 1.36
Nutrition and fetal growth. Reprod Fertil Dev (1995) 1.31
Cellular aspects of growth and catch-up growth in the rat: a reevaluation. Growth (1986) 1.29
Intrauterine feeding of the growth retarded fetus: can we help? Early Hum Dev (1992) 1.17
Male advancement in prenatal hand development. Am J Phys Anthropol (1974) 0.97
Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med (2001) 56.11
Weight in infancy and death from ischaemic heart disease. Lancet (1989) 17.99
Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: the thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Diabetologia (1992) 13.20
Fetal and placental size and risk of hypertension in adult life. BMJ (1990) 12.43
Fetal and infant growth and impaired glucose tolerance at age 64. BMJ (1991) 12.33
Growth in utero, blood pressure in childhood and adult life, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. BMJ (1989) 12.20
Infant mortality, childhood nutrition, and ischaemic heart disease in England and Wales. Lancet (1986) 12.13
Haplotype tagging for the identification of common disease genes. Nat Genet (2001) 11.27
Glucose tolerance in adults after prenatal exposure to famine. Lancet (1998) 8.87
Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth. Diabetologia (1993) 8.86
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis. Br Med Bull (2001) 7.98
High stored iron levels are associated with excess risk of myocardial infarction in eastern Finnish men. Circulation (1992) 7.11
Estimation of contribution of changes in classic risk factors to trends in coronary-event rates across the WHO MONICA Project populations. Lancet (2000) 6.94
Understanding oral glucose tolerance: comparison of glucose or insulin measurements during the oral glucose tolerance test with specific measurements of insulin resistance and insulin secretion. Diabet Med (1994) 6.59
The fetal and infant origins of adult disease. BMJ (1990) 6.38
Prevention of dementia in randomised double-blind placebo-controlled Systolic Hypertension in Europe (Syst-Eur) trial. Lancet (1998) 6.20
Preventing non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Diabetes (1995) 6.16
Fetal origins of adult disease: strength of effects and biological basis. Int J Epidemiol (2002) 5.97
Midlife vascular risk factors and Alzheimer's disease in later life: longitudinal, population based study. BMJ (2001) 5.40
Early growth and coronary heart disease in later life: longitudinal study. BMJ (2001) 5.25
Concordance for type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort of twins in Finland. Diabetologia (1992) 5.25
Catch-up growth in childhood and death from coronary heart disease: longitudinal study. BMJ (1999) 5.17
Early growth and death from cardiovascular disease in women. BMJ (1993) 5.15
Worldwide increase in incidence of Type I diabetes--the analysis of the data on published incidence trends. Diabetologia (1999) 5.11
Childhood respiratory infection and adult chronic bronchitis in England and Wales. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1986) 5.10
Relation of birth weight and childhood respiratory infection to adult lung function and death from chronic obstructive airways disease. BMJ (1991) 4.87
Initiation of hypertension in utero and its amplification throughout life. BMJ (1993) 4.83
The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6. Nature (2003) 4.75
Incidence of childhood type 1 diabetes worldwide. Diabetes Mondiale (DiaMond) Project Group. Diabetes Care (2000) 4.62
Geographical relation between Alzheimer's disease and aluminum in drinking water. Lancet (1989) 4.57
Relation of fetal and infant growth to plasma fibrinogen and factor VII concentrations in adult life. BMJ (1992) 4.53
Growth in utero and serum cholesterol concentrations in adult life. BMJ (1993) 4.34
Fetal growth and coronary heart disease in south India. Lancet (1996) 4.33
The community-based strategy to prevent coronary heart disease: conclusions from the ten years of the North Karelia project. Annu Rev Public Health (1985) 4.30
The relation of small head circumference and thinness at birth to death from cardiovascular disease in adult life. BMJ (1993) 4.26
Do cardiovascular risk factors explain the relation between socioeconomic status, risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and acute myocardial infarction? Am J Epidemiol (1996) 4.23
Relation of infant feeding to adult serum cholesterol concentration and death from ischaemic heart disease. BMJ (1992) 4.18
Paget's disease of bone in 14 British towns. Br Med J (1977) 4.17
Obesity at the age of 50 y in men and women exposed to famine prenatally. Am J Clin Nutr (1999) 4.07
Measles and atopy in Guinea-Bissau. Lancet (1996) 4.03
Change in risk factors for coronary heart disease during 10 years of a community intervention programme (North Karelia project). Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1983) 4.00
Mapping genes for NIDDM. Design of the Finland-United States Investigation of NIDDM Genetics (FUSION) Study. Diabetes Care (1998) 3.99
The genetically isolated populations of Finland and sardinia may not be a panacea for linkage disequilibrium mapping of common disease genes. Nat Genet (2000) 3.92
Fetal nutrition and adult disease. Am J Clin Nutr (2000) 3.92
Changes in risk factors explain changes in mortality from ischaemic heart disease in Finland. BMJ (1994) 3.92
Age, period and cohort models applied to cancer mortality rates. Stat Med (1983) 3.87
Maternal and fetal influences on blood pressure. Arch Dis Child (1991) 3.78
Changes in coronary risk factors during comprehensive five-year community programme to control cardiovascular diseases (North Karelia project). Br Med J (1979) 3.75
Computer-based screening system for patients at risk of hypothyroidism. Lancet (1969) 3.70
Fetal programming and adult health. Public Health Nutr (2001) 3.67
Mother's weight in pregnancy and coronary heart disease in a cohort of Finnish men: follow up study. BMJ (1997) 3.63
Midlife vascular risk factors and late-life mild cognitive impairment: A population-based study. Neurology (2001) 3.56
A review of the recent epidemiological data on the worldwide incidence of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. World Health Organization DIAMOND Project Group. Diabetologia (1993) 3.35
Death rates from stroke in England and Wales predicted from past maternal mortality. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1987) 3.25
Prevalence of gall stones at necropsy in nine British towns: a collaborative study. Br Med J (1979) 3.16
Thinness at birth and insulin resistance in adult life. Diabetologia (1994) 3.15
A European evidence-based guideline for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Horm Metab Res (2010) 3.15
The fetal and childhood growth of persons who develop type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med (2000) 3.10
Fetal growth and impaired glucose tolerance in men and women. Diabetologia (1993) 3.09
Educational level, relative body weight, and changes in their association over 10 years: an international perspective from the WHO MONICA Project. Am J Public Health (2000) 3.08
The effect of maternal anaemia and iron deficiency on the ratio of fetal weight to placental weight. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1991) 3.08
The metabolic syndrome: useful concept or clinical tool? Report of a WHO Expert Consultation. Diabetologia (2009) 3.05
The intrauterine and early postnatal origins of cardiovascular disease and chronic bronchitis. J Epidemiol Community Health (1989) 3.03
Symptoms of chronic bronchitis and the risk of coronary disease. Lancet (1996) 3.03
Mothers' pelvic size, fetal growth, and death from stroke and coronary heart disease in men in the UK. Lancet (1996) 3.02
Acute appendicitis and dietary fibre: an alternative hypothesis. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1985) 3.02
Intake of mercury from fish, lipid peroxidation, and the risk of myocardial infarction and coronary, cardiovascular, and any death in eastern Finnish men. Circulation (1995) 2.99
What is epidemiology? Br Med J (1978) 2.96
Theory and action for health promotion illustrations from the North Karelia Project. Am J Public Health (1982) 2.95
Maternal nutrition in early and late pregnancy in relation to placental and fetal growth. BMJ (1996) 2.92
Twenty-year trends in coronary risk factors in north Karelia and in other areas of Finland. Int J Epidemiol (1994) 2.91
Distribution of Paget's disease in England, Wales and Scotland and a possible relationship with vitamin D deficiency in childhood. Br J Prev Soc Med (1974) 2.89