Published in Nature on March 24, 2002
The Toll and Imd pathways are the major regulators of the immune response in Drosophila. EMBO J (2002) 4.63
Two ways to survive infection: what resistance and tolerance can teach us about treating infectious diseases. Nat Rev Immunol (2008) 4.12
Autophagic control of listeria through intracellular innate immune recognition in drosophila. Nat Immunol (2008) 3.78
Immune signaling pathways regulating bacterial and malaria parasite infection of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 2.81
Dual detection of fungal infections in Drosophila via recognition of glucans and sensing of virulence factors. Cell (2006) 2.66
Role of Toll-like receptors in pathogen recognition. Clin Microbiol Rev (2003) 2.59
Functional dissection of an innate immune response by a genome-wide RNAi screen. PLoS Biol (2004) 2.47
Evolution of host innate defence: insights from Caenorhabditis elegans and primitive invertebrates. Nat Rev Immunol (2010) 2.45
A signaling protease required for melanization in Drosophila affects resistance and tolerance of infections. PLoS Biol (2008) 2.45
Caspase-mediated processing of the Drosophila NF-kappaB factor Relish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 2.42
Akirins are highly conserved nuclear proteins required for NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in drosophila and mice. Nat Immunol (2007) 2.36
Downregulation of the Drosophila immune response by peptidoglycan-recognition proteins SC1 and SC2. PLoS Pathog (2006) 2.27
Anopheles gambiae PGRPLC-mediated defense against bacteria modulates infections with malaria parasites. PLoS Pathog (2009) 2.12
Coordination of multiple dual oxidase-regulatory pathways in responses to commensal and infectious microbes in drosophila gut. Nat Immunol (2009) 2.06
Peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-LE and PGRP-LC act synergistically in Drosophila immunity. EMBO J (2004) 2.03
A model of bacterial intestinal infections in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Pathog (2007) 2.02
Overexpression of a pattern-recognition receptor, peptidoglycan-recognition protein-LE, activates imd/relish-mediated antibacterial defense and the prophenoloxidase cascade in Drosophila larvae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 1.99
Targeting of TAK1 by the NF-kappa B protein Relish regulates the JNK-mediated immune response in Drosophila. Genes Dev (2004) 1.91
The Jekyll and Hyde functions of caspases. Dev Cell (2009) 1.87
Inhibitor of apoptosis 2 and TAK1-binding protein are components of the Drosophila Imd pathway. EMBO J (2005) 1.79
Adaptive innate immunity? Responsive-mode prophylaxis in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor. Proc Biol Sci (2003) 1.78
Nitric oxide contributes to induction of innate immune responses to gram-negative bacteria in Drosophila. Genes Dev (2003) 1.71
Worms and flies as genetically tractable animal models to study host-pathogen interactions. Infect Immun (2005) 1.68
Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein LC (PGRP-LC) acts as a signal-transducing innate immune receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.65
The peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs). Genome Biol (2006) 1.64
Toll and IMD pathways synergistically activate an innate immune response in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Cell Biol (2007) 1.62
Drosophila melanogaster as a model host for studying Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Nat Protoc (2009) 1.59
Sensing of 'danger signals' and pathogen-associated molecular patterns defines binary signaling pathways 'upstream' of Toll. Nat Immunol (2008) 1.54
Innate immune recognition of the microbiota promotes host-microbial symbiosis. Nat Immunol (2013) 1.53
Structural basis for peptidoglycan binding by peptidoglycan recognition proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2004) 1.50
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NF-κB/Rel proteins and the humoral immune responses of Drosophila melanogaster. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol (2011) 1.45
Clustering of peptidoglycan recognition protein-SA is required for sensing lysine-type peptidoglycan in insects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 1.44
The Imd pathway is involved in antiviral immune responses in Drosophila. PLoS One (2009) 1.44
The regulatory isoform rPGRP-LC induces immune resolution via endosomal degradation of receptors. Nat Immunol (2016) 1.44
Human peptidoglycan recognition protein S is an effector of neutrophil-mediated innate immunity. Blood (2005) 1.41
Host PGRP gene expression and bacterial release in endosymbiosis of the weevil Sitophilus zeamais. Appl Environ Microbiol (2006) 1.41
NF-kappaB in the immune response of Drosophila. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol (2009) 1.41
Elimination of plasmatocytes by targeted apoptosis reveals their role in multiple aspects of the Drosophila immune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 1.40
Caspar, a suppressor of antibacterial immunity in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 1.36
Dual strategies for peptidoglycan discrimination by peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 1.35
Induction of a peptide with activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens in the Aedes aegypti salivary gland, following Infection with Dengue Virus. PLoS Pathog (2011) 1.30
Rudra interrupts receptor signaling complexes to negatively regulate the IMD pathway. PLoS Pathog (2008) 1.30
Requirements of peptidoglycan structure that allow detection by the Drosophila Toll pathway. EMBO Rep (2005) 1.30
Activation of the innate immunity in Drosophila by endogenous chromosomal DNA that escaped apoptotic degradation. Genes Dev (2002) 1.29
A Drosophila pattern recognition receptor contains a peptidoglycan docking groove and unusual L,D-carboxypeptidase activity. PLoS Biol (2004) 1.29
Drosophila Ras/MAPK signalling regulates innate immune responses in immune and intestinal stem cells. EMBO J (2011) 1.26
Insect antiviral innate immunity: pathways, effectors, and connections. J Mol Biol (2013) 1.25
Relish-mediated immune deficiency in the transgenic mosquito Aedes aegypti. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.24
The Drosophila IMD pathway in the activation of the humoral immune response. Dev Comp Immunol (2013) 1.21
Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells: a model system to study Chlamydia interaction with host cells. Cell Microbiol (2005) 1.20
The peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-SC1a is essential for Toll signaling and phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 1.20
Rel/NF-kappaB double mutants reveal that cellular immunity is central to Drosophila host defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 1.16
Structure of the ectodomain of Drosophila peptidoglycan-recognition protein LCa suggests a molecular mechanism for pattern recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.16
Ligand-induced dimerization of Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition proteins in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.16
The homeobox gene Caudal regulates constitutive local expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila epithelia. Mol Cell Biol (2004) 1.15
Taming the symbiont for coexistence: a host PGRP neutralizes a bacterial symbiont toxin. Environ Microbiol (2009) 1.14
The potential use of bacterial community succession in forensics as described by high throughput metagenomic sequencing. Int J Legal Med (2013) 1.07
Drosophila C-type lectins enhance cellular encapsulation. Mol Immunol (2007) 1.06
Long-range activation of systemic immunity through peptidoglycan diffusion in Drosophila. PLoS Pathog (2009) 1.06
Genotype and gene expression associations with immune function in Drosophila. PLoS Genet (2010) 1.05
Bacterial peptidoglycan degrading enzymes and their impact on host muropeptide detection. J Innate Immun (2009) 1.04
Critical evaluation of the role of the Toll-like receptor 18-Wheeler in the host defense of Drosophila. EMBO Rep (2002) 1.03
Ubiquitylation of the initiator caspase DREDD is required for innate immune signalling. EMBO J (2012) 1.03
The evolution of parasite recognition genes in the innate immune system: purifying selection on Drosophila melanogaster peptidoglycan recognition proteins. J Mol Evol (2003) 1.03
Zebrafish peptidoglycan recognition proteins are bactericidal amidases essential for defense against bacterial infections. Immunity (2007) 1.02
The N-terminal domain of Drosophila Gram-negative binding protein 3 (GNBP3) defines a novel family of fungal pattern recognition receptors. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.02
Transcriptional pausing controls a rapid antiviral innate immune response in Drosophila. Cell Host Microbe (2012) 1.02
A quantitative RNAi screen for JNK modifiers identifies Pvr as a novel regulator of Drosophila immune signaling. PLoS Pathog (2009) 1.00
Extracellular and intracellular pathogen recognition by Drosophila PGRP-LE and PGRP-LC. Int Immunol (2010) 1.00
A member of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase family is responsible for transcriptional induction of Dopa decarboxylase in the epidermis of Drosophila melanogaster during the innate immune response. Mol Cell Biol (2008) 1.00
Pathogenesis of listeria-infected Drosophila wntD mutants is associated with elevated levels of the novel immunity gene edin. PLoS Pathog (2008) 1.00
Quantitative evaluation of signaling events in Drosophila S2 cells. Biol Proced Online (2008) 1.00
Drosophila immunity: analysis of PGRP-SB1 expression, enzymatic activity and function. PLoS One (2011) 0.99
A comprehensive analysis of the Manduca sexta immunotranscriptome. Dev Comp Immunol (2012) 0.99
Innate immune responses in peptidoglycan recognition protein L-deficient mice. Mol Cell Biol (2004) 0.99
Adult midgut expressed sequence tags from the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans and expression analysis of putative immune response genes. Genome Biol (2003) 0.99
The Drosophila peptidoglycan-recognition protein LF interacts with peptidoglycan-recognition protein LC to downregulate the Imd pathway. EMBO Rep (2011) 0.96
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins in Drosophila immunity. Dev Comp Immunol (2013) 0.96
How the insect immune system interacts with an obligate symbiotic bacterium. Proc Biol Sci (2010) 0.96
Toll-8/Tollo negatively regulates antimicrobial response in the Drosophila respiratory epithelium. PLoS Pathog (2011) 0.95
Genetic analysis of Drosophila melanogaster susceptibility to intestinal Vibrio cholerae infection. Cell Microbiol (2008) 0.95
Intracellular recognition of pathogens and autophagy as an innate immune host defence. J Biochem (2011) 0.95
Ecdysone triggered PGRP-LC expression controls Drosophila innate immunity. EMBO J (2013) 0.95
Helicase89B is a Mot1p/BTAF1 homologue that mediates an antimicrobial response in Drosophila. EMBO Rep (2005) 0.95
The Drosophila MAPK p38c regulates oxidative stress and lipid homeostasis in the intestine. PLoS Genet (2014) 0.91
Drosophila EYA regulates the immune response against DNA through an evolutionarily conserved threonine phosphatase motif. PLoS One (2012) 0.88
Genetic dissection of Anopheles gambiae gut epithelial responses to Serratia marcescens. PLoS Pathog (2014) 0.88
Sensing microbes by diverse hosts. Workshop on pattern recognition proteins and receptors. EMBO Rep (2003) 0.87
Drosophila melanogaster NPC2 proteins bind bacterial cell wall components and may function in immune signal pathways. Insect Biochem Mol Biol (2012) 0.85
Mouse peptidoglycan recognition protein PGLYRP-1 plays a role in the host innate immune response against Listeria monocytogenes infection. Infect Immun (2010) 0.85
Differential gene expression related to Nora virus infection of Drosophila melanogaster. Virus Res (2013) 0.85
Cell-surface localization of Pellino antagonizes Toll-mediated innate immune signalling by controlling MyD88 turnover in Drosophila. Nat Commun (2014) 0.84
Divergences in protein activity and cellular localization within the Campoletis sonorensis Ichnovirus Vankyrin family. J Virol (2006) 0.83
Specificity and signaling in the Drosophila immune response. Invertebrate Surviv J (2009) 0.83
Gene silencing and overexpression of porcine peptidoglycan recognition protein long isoforms: involvement in beta-defensin-1 expression. Infect Immun (2005) 0.83
A Toll-Spätzle pathway in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. Insect Biochem Mol Biol (2012) 0.83
An effector Peptide family required for Drosophila toll-mediated immunity. PLoS Pathog (2015) 0.82
Functional analysis of PGRP-LA in Drosophila immunity. PLoS One (2013) 0.82
RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth. Nature (2010) 15.63
A complementary transposon tool kit for Drosophila melanogaster using P and piggyBac. Nat Genet (2004) 8.55
Systematic generation of high-resolution deletion coverage of the Drosophila melanogaster genome. Nat Genet (2004) 8.24
The knockout mouse project. Nat Genet (2004) 7.80
Immunity-related genes and gene families in Anopheles gambiae. Science (2002) 5.47
In vivo antitumor activity of MEK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors in basal-like breast cancer models. Clin Cancer Res (2009) 4.81
Essential function in vivo for Dicer-2 in host defense against RNA viruses in drosophila. Nat Immunol (2006) 4.69
The Jak-STAT signaling pathway is required but not sufficient for the antiviral response of drosophila. Nat Immunol (2005) 4.49
The Drosophila systemic immune response: sensing and signalling during bacterial and fungal infections. Nat Rev Immunol (2007) 3.88
Antitumor efficacy of the novel RAF inhibitor GDC-0879 is predicted by BRAFV600E mutational status and sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway suppression. Cancer Res (2009) 3.72
Eater, a transmembrane protein mediating phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens in Drosophila. Cell (2005) 3.22
Predictive biomarkers of sensitivity to the phosphatidylinositol 3' kinase inhibitor GDC-0941 in breast cancer preclinical models. Clin Cancer Res (2010) 3.20
Boosting NF-kappaB-dependent basal immunity of Anopheles gambiae aborts development of Plasmodium berghei. Immunity (2006) 3.16
Binding of the Drosophila cytokine Spätzle to Toll is direct and establishes signaling. Nat Immunol (2003) 2.99
Drosophila genome-wide obesity screen reveals hedgehog as a determinant of brown versus white adipose cell fate. Cell (2010) 2.91
Virulence factors of the human opportunistic pathogen Serratia marcescens identified by in vivo screening. EMBO J (2003) 2.87
Lactobacillus plantarum promotes Drosophila systemic growth by modulating hormonal signals through TOR-dependent nutrient sensing. Cell Metab (2011) 2.77
Dual detection of fungal infections in Drosophila via recognition of glucans and sensing of virulence factors. Cell (2006) 2.66
Genome-wide RNAi screen identifies genes involved in intestinal pathogenic bacterial infection. Science (2009) 2.47
Genetic analysis of resistance to viral infection. Nat Rev Immunol (2007) 2.47
Akirins are highly conserved nuclear proteins required for NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression in drosophila and mice. Nat Immunol (2007) 2.36
Activation of Drosophila Toll during fungal infection by a blood serine protease. Science (2002) 2.31
Two mosquito LRR proteins function as complement control factors in the TEP1-mediated killing of Plasmodium. Cell Host Microbe (2009) 2.28
Downregulation of the Drosophila immune response by peptidoglycan-recognition proteins SC1 and SC2. PLoS Pathog (2006) 2.27
CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells: an important NK cell subset. Immunology (2009) 2.25
A serpin mutant links Toll activation to melanization in the host defence of Drosophila. EMBO J (2002) 2.22
Drosophila MyD88 is required for the response to fungal and Gram-positive bacterial infections. Nat Immunol (2001) 2.18
The DExD/H-box helicase Dicer-2 mediates the induction of antiviral activity in drosophila. Nat Immunol (2008) 2.18
Dual activation of the Drosophila toll pathway by two pattern recognition receptors. Science (2003) 2.11
A model of bacterial intestinal infections in Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS Pathog (2007) 2.02
Targeting p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) to induce apoptosis of tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 2.01
The Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition protein PGRP-LF blocks PGRP-LC and IMD/JNK pathway activation. Cell Host Microbe (2008) 1.95
Function of the drosophila pattern-recognition receptor PGRP-SD in the detection of Gram-positive bacteria. Nat Immunol (2004) 1.93
Cutting edge: the toll pathway is required for resistance to gram-positive bacterial infections in Drosophila. J Immunol (2002) 1.89
GDC-0980 is a novel class I PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor with robust activity in cancer models driven by the PI3K pathway. Mol Cancer Ther (2011) 1.76
Suppression of HER2/HER3-mediated growth of breast cancer cells with combinations of GDC-0941 PI3K inhibitor, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab. Clin Cancer Res (2009) 1.70
P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) as a therapeutic target in BRAF wild-type melanoma. J Natl Cancer Inst (2013) 1.68
The Drosophila immune defense against gram-negative infection requires the death protein dFADD. Immunity (2002) 1.66
New insights into Drosophila larval haemocyte functions through genome-wide analysis. Cell Microbiol (2005) 1.66
A phenotype-sensitizing Apoe-deficient genetic background reveals novel atherosclerosis predisposition loci in the mouse. Genetics (2002) 1.61
Intermittent administration of MEK inhibitor GDC-0973 plus PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 triggers robust apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition. Cancer Res (2011) 1.56
ERK inhibition overcomes acquired resistance to MEK inhibitors. Mol Cancer Ther (2012) 1.55
Mechanism of MEK inhibition determines efficacy in mutant KRAS- versus BRAF-driven cancers. Nature (2013) 1.52
Sensing and signaling during infection in Drosophila. Curr Opin Immunol (2005) 1.49
Prophenoloxidase activation is not required for survival to microbial infections in Drosophila. EMBO Rep (2006) 1.49
Isoform-specific phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors exert distinct effects in solid tumors. Cancer Res (2010) 1.49
p21-activated kinase 1: PAK'ed with potential. Oncotarget (2011) 1.44
Control of NK cell functions by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. J Leukoc Biol (2006) 1.43
NF-kappaB in the immune response of Drosophila. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol (2009) 1.41
Elimination of plasmatocytes by targeted apoptosis reveals their role in multiple aspects of the Drosophila immune response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 1.40
Broad RNA interference-mediated antiviral immunity and virus-specific inducible responses in Drosophila. J Immunol (2012) 1.40
Pillars article: the dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults. Cell. 1996. 86: 973-983. J Immunol (2012) 1.38
Silencing of Toll pathway components by direct injection of double-stranded RNA into Drosophila adult flies. Nucleic Acids Res (2003) 1.37
RNAi-mediated immunity provides strong protection against the negative-strand RNA vesicular stomatitis virus in Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.34
Notch signaling controls lineage specification during Drosophila larval hematopoiesis. Curr Biol (2002) 1.32
Drosophila immune response: From systemic antimicrobial peptide production in fat body cells to local defense in the intestinal tract. Fly (Austin) (2010) 1.28
An integrated genomic screen identifies LDHB as an essential gene for triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res (2012) 1.23
Fz2 and cdc42 mediate melanization and actin polymerization but are dispensable for Plasmodium killing in the mosquito midgut. PLoS Pathog (2006) 1.21
Sensing infection in Drosophila: Toll and beyond. Semin Immunol (2004) 1.20
Targeting activated Akt with GDC-0068, a novel selective Akt inhibitor that is efficacious in multiple tumor models. Clin Cancer Res (2013) 1.18
Tissue and stage-specific expression of the Tolls in Drosophila embryos. Gene Expr Patterns (2002) 1.18
PVF2, a PDGF/VEGF-like growth factor, induces hemocyte proliferation in Drosophila larvae. EMBO Rep (2002) 1.17
Peptidoglycan sensing by the receptor PGRP-LE in the Drosophila gut induces immune responses to infectious bacteria and tolerance to microbiota. Cell Host Microbe (2012) 1.16
SKIV2L mutations cause syndromic diarrhea, or trichohepatoenteric syndrome. Am J Hum Genet (2012) 1.16
Crystal structure of Drosophila PGRP-SD suggests binding to DAP-type but not lysine-type peptidoglycan. Mol Immunol (2008) 1.15
Relative roles of the cellular and humoral responses in the Drosophila host defense against three gram-positive bacterial infections. PLoS One (2011) 1.14
Pseudomonas aeruginosa RhlR is required to neutralize the cellular immune response in a Drosophila melanogaster oral infection model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.13
Candida glabrata environmental stress response involves Saccharomyces cerevisiae Msn2/4 orthologous transcription factors. Mol Microbiol (2008) 1.13
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of tumor growth inhibition and biomarker modulation by the novel phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor GDC-0941. Drug Metab Dispos (2010) 1.10
Nuclear phospho-Akt increase predicts synergy of PI3K inhibition and doxorubicin in breast and ovarian cancer. Sci Transl Med (2010) 1.10
Drosophila melanogaster antimicrobial defense. J Infect Dis (2003) 1.07
GDC-0941, a novel class I selective PI3K inhibitor, enhances the efficacy of docetaxel in human breast cancer models by increasing cell death in vitro and in vivo. Clin Cancer Res (2012) 1.07
Bacterial detection by Drosophila peptidoglycan recognition proteins. Microbes Infect (2009) 1.06
An in vivo RNA interference screen identifies gene networks controlling Drosophila melanogaster blood cell homeostasis. BMC Dev Biol (2010) 1.05
TAP deficiency is also a cause of bronchiectasis. Thorax (2013) 1.05
The N-terminal domain of Drosophila Gram-negative binding protein 3 (GNBP3) defines a novel family of fungal pattern recognition receptors. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.02
ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP))-dependent regulation of cardiotropic viral infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.01
Polyglutamine Atrophin provokes neurodegeneration in Drosophila by repressing fat. EMBO J (2011) 1.01
Toll signaling: the TIReless quest for specificity. Nat Immunol (2003) 1.00
Phosphoproteomic characterization of DNA damage response in melanoma cells following MEK/PI3K dual inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2013) 0.98
Analysis of thioester-containing proteins during the innate immune response of Drosophila melanogaster. J Innate Immun (2010) 0.98
Active PI3K pathway causes an invasive phenotype which can be reversed or promoted by blocking the pathway at divergent nodes. PLoS One (2012) 0.98
The Drosophila peptidoglycan-recognition protein LF interacts with peptidoglycan-recognition protein LC to downregulate the Imd pathway. EMBO Rep (2011) 0.96