Published in Mol Cell Biol on May 01, 2005
DNA breaks and chromosome pulverization from errors in mitosis. Nature (2012) 5.19
Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in metal carcinogenesis and cocarcinogenesis: nickel, arsenic, and chromium. Chem Res Toxicol (2007) 2.59
H2AX: functional roles and potential applications. Chromosoma (2009) 2.27
Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase down-regulates BRCA1 and RAD51 in a pathway mediated by E2F4 and p130. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.47
Chromium in drinking water: sources, metabolism, and cancer risks. Chem Res Toxicol (2011) 1.34
Ascorbate acts as a highly potent inducer of chromate mutagenesis and clastogenesis: linkage to DNA breaks in G2 phase by mismatch repair. Nucleic Acids Res (2006) 1.28
Rapid DNA double-strand breaks resulting from processing of Cr-DNA cross-links by both MutS dimers. Cancer Res (2009) 1.21
Chromium genotoxicity: A double-edged sword. Chem Biol Interact (2010) 1.14
Modulation of histone methylation and MLH1 gene silencing by hexavalent chromium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (2009) 1.12
Differential regulation of human YY1 and caspase 7 promoters by prohibitin through E2F1 and p53 binding sites. Biochem J (2007) 1.08
Zinc chromate induces chromosome instability and DNA double strand breaks in human lung cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (2008) 1.02
Application of the U.S. EPA mode of action Framework for purposes of guiding future research: a case study involving the oral carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium. Toxicol Sci (2010) 1.00
WRN helicase promotes repair of DNA double-strand breaks caused by aberrant mismatch repair of chromium-DNA adducts. Cell Cycle (2009) 0.93
Src-Induced cisplatin resistance mediated by cell-to-cell communication. Cancer Res (2009) 0.93
Chronic exposure to zinc chromate induces centrosome amplification and spindle assembly checkpoint bypass in human lung fibroblasts. Chem Res Toxicol (2010) 0.92
Undetectable role of oxidative DNA damage in cell cycle, cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of Cr(VI) in human lung cells with restored ascorbate levels. Mutagenesis (2012) 0.90
S-phase sensing of DNA-protein crosslinks triggers TopBP1-independent ATR activation and p53-mediated cell death by formaldehyde. Cell Cycle (2012) 0.89
Selenium compounds activate ATM-dependent DNA damage response via the mismatch repair protein hMLH1 in colorectal cancer cells. J Biol Chem (2010) 0.89
XPA impacts formation but not proteasome-sensitive repair of DNA-protein cross-links induced by chromate. Mutagenesis (2010) 0.89
Chromium induces chromosomal instability, which is partly due to deregulation of BubR1 and Emi1, two APC/C inhibitors. Cell Cycle (2011) 0.88
Role of direct reactivity with metals in chemoprotection by N-acetylcysteine against chromium(VI), cadmium(II), and cobalt(II). Free Radic Biol Med (2013) 0.88
Assessment of the mode of action underlying development of rodent small intestinal tumors following oral exposure to hexavalent chromium and relevance to humans. Crit Rev Toxicol (2013) 0.84
DNA mismatch repair and the DNA damage response. DNA Repair (Amst) (2015) 0.83
DNA double-strand breaks by Cr(VI) are targeted to euchromatin and cause ATR-dependent phosphorylation of histone H2AX and its ubiquitination. Toxicol Sci (2014) 0.80
MLH1 mediates PARP-dependent cell death in response to the methylating agent N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Br J Cancer (2009) 0.80
Actin-mediated endocytosis limits intracellular Cr accumulation and Cr toxicity during chromate stress. Toxicol Sci (2009) 0.79
Chromate-induced sulfur starvation and mRNA mistranslation in yeast are linked in a common mechanism of Cr toxicity. Toxicol In Vitro (2010) 0.78
Oral Chromium Exposure and Toxicity. Curr Environ Health Rep (2015) 0.76
Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) Down-Regulates Acetylation of Histone H4 at Lysine 16 through Induction of Stressor Protein Nupr1. PLoS One (2016) 0.75
Variation in extracellular detoxification is a link to different carcinogenicity among chromates in rodent and human lungs. Chem Res Toxicol (2017) 0.75
A system for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian cells. Science (2002) 35.21
Megabase chromatin domains involved in DNA double-strand breaks in vivo. J Cell Biol (1999) 16.81
Genome maintenance mechanisms for preventing cancer. Nature (2001) 16.17
Activation of the ATM kinase by ionizing radiation and phosphorylation of p53. Science (1998) 11.90
Mismatch repair in replication fidelity, genetic recombination, and cancer biology. Annu Rev Biochem (1996) 10.86
Fork reversal and ssDNA accumulation at stalled replication forks owing to checkpoint defects. Science (2002) 7.46
BASC, a super complex of BRCA1-associated proteins involved in the recognition and repair of aberrant DNA structures. Genes Dev (2000) 7.29
Eukaryotic DNA mismatch repair. Curr Opin Genet Dev (1999) 5.34
The tyrosine kinase c-Abl regulates p73 in apoptotic response to cisplatin-induced DNA damage. Nature (1999) 5.33
hMSH2 forms specific mispair-binding complexes with hMSH3 and hMSH6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 3.60
Cadmium is a mutagen that acts by inhibiting mismatch repair. Nat Genet (2003) 2.88
Isolation of MutSbeta from human cells and comparison of the mismatch repair specificities of MutSbeta and MutSalpha. J Biol Chem (1998) 2.67
Human MutSalpha recognizes damaged DNA base pairs containing O6-methylguanine, O4-methylthymine, or the cisplatin-d(GpG) adduct. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 2.57
Defective mismatch binding and a mutator phenotype in cells tolerant to DNA damage. Nature (1993) 2.57
Loss of DNA mismatch repair in acquired resistance to cisplatin. Cancer Res (1996) 2.37
Microsatellite instability, mismatch repair deficiency, and genetic defects in human cancer cell lines. Cancer Res (1995) 2.35
Tumour susceptibility and spontaneous mutation in mice deficient in Mlh1, Pms1 and Pms2 DNA mismatch repair. Nat Genet (1998) 2.32
One hundred years of chromium and cancer: a review of epidemiological evidence and selected case reports. Am J Ind Med (1990) 2.28
Mismatch repair-dependent G2 checkpoint induced by low doses of SN1 type methylating agents requires the ATR kinase. Genes Dev (2004) 2.20
DNA damage-induced replication fork regression and processing in Escherichia coli. Science (2003) 2.13
Assessment of histone H2AX phosphorylation induced by DNA topoisomerase I and II inhibitors topotecan and mitoxantrone and by the DNA cross-linking agent cisplatin. Cytometry A (2004) 2.03
MSH2 and ATR form a signaling module and regulate two branches of the damage response to DNA methylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.90
Mechanisms of tolerance to DNA damaging therapeutic drugs. Carcinogenesis (2001) 1.85
An Msh2 point mutation uncouples DNA mismatch repair and apoptosis. Cancer Res (2004) 1.81
Dominant effects of an Msh6 missense mutation on DNA repair and cancer susceptibility. Cancer Cell (2004) 1.81
Transcription-coupled repair deficiency and mutations in human mismatch repair genes. Science (1996) 1.73
Role of DNA mismatch repair and p53 in signaling induction of apoptosis by alkylating agents. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 1.69
Mismatch repair defects in cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev (2000) 1.63
Genetic reconstruction of individual colorectal tumor histories. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.63
Methylation-induced G(2)/M arrest requires a full complement of the mismatch repair protein hMLH1. EMBO J (2003) 1.60
Mismatch repair, molecular switches, and signal transduction. Genes Dev (1998) 1.59
Interaction of mismatch repair protein PMS2 and the p53-related transcription factor p73 in apoptosis response to cisplatin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.47
Apoptosis induced by DNA damage O6-methylguanine is Bcl-2 and caspase-9/3 regulated and Fas/caspase-8 independent. Cancer Res (2000) 1.44
Frequent microsatellite instability in lung cancer from chromate-exposed workers. Mol Carcinog (2002) 1.44
Human nucleotide excision repair efficiently removes chromium-DNA phosphate adducts and protects cells against chromate toxicity. J Biol Chem (2004) 1.40
Apoptotic signaling in response to a single type of DNA lesion, O(6)-methylguanine. Mol Cell (2004) 1.37
Generation of S phase-dependent DNA double-strand breaks by Cr(VI) exposure: involvement of ATM in Cr(VI) induction of gamma-H2AX. Carcinogenesis (2004) 1.37
Cell cycle-dependent regulation of the cyclin B1 promoter. J Biol Chem (1995) 1.36
DNA mismatch repair genes and colorectal cancer. Gut (2000) 1.34
Dependence of the cytotoxicity of DNA-damaging agents on the mismatch repair status of human cells. Cancer Res (2004) 1.34
Role of reactive oxygen species and p53 in chromium(VI)-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem (1999) 1.27
Glutathione and free amino acids form stable complexes with DNA following exposure of intact mammalian cells to chromate. Carcinogenesis (1995) 1.21
Genotoxicity and mutagenicity of chromium(VI)/ascorbate-generated DNA adducts in human and bacterial cells. Biochemistry (2003) 1.19
Cr(III)-mediated crosslinks of glutathione or amino acids to the DNA phosphate backbone are mutagenic in human cells. Nucleic Acids Res (1998) 1.18
Reduction of hexavalent chromium by ascorbic acid and glutathione with special reference to the rat lung. Arch Toxicol (1990) 1.17
Carcinogenic chromium(VI) induces cross-linking of vitamin C to DNA in vitro and in human lung A549 cells. Biochemistry (2002) 1.13
Functional inactivation of p73, a homolog of p53 tumor suppressor protein, by human papillomavirus E6 proteins. Int J Cancer (2001) 1.12
Complementation of an hMSH2 defect in human colorectal carcinoma cells by human chromosome 2 transfer. Mol Carcinog (2000) 1.12
Mutations in the nucleotide-binding domain of MutS homologs uncouple cell death from cell survival. DNA Repair (Amst) (2004) 1.12
Mismatch repair, G(2)/M cell cycle arrest and lethality after DNA damage. Carcinogenesis (1999) 1.11
Effects of glutathione on chromium-induced DNA crosslinking and DNA polymerase arrest. Mol Cell Biochem (2001) 1.08
Effects of neutralization pattern and stereochemistry on DNA bending by methylphosphonate substitutions. Biochemistry (1997) 1.06
Formation of the amino acid-DNA complexes by hexavalent and trivalent chromium in vitro: importance of trivalent chromium and the phosphate group. Biochemistry (1996) 1.04
Non-oxidative mechanisms are responsible for the induction of mutagenesis by reduction of Cr(VI) with cysteine: role of ternary DNA adducts in Cr(III)-dependent mutagenesis. Biochemistry (2001) 1.03
Chromium (VI) activates ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein. Requirement of ATM for both apoptosis and recovery from terminal growth arrest. J Biol Chem (2003) 1.01
Increased DNA-protein crosslinks in lymphocytes of residents living in chromium-contaminated areas. Biol Trace Elem Res (1995) 0.99
Mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced p53 activation: the role of phosphorylation, mdm2 and ERK. Carcinogenesis (2001) 0.96
Cadmium inhibits the functions of eukaryotic MutS complexes. J Biol Chem (2004) 0.90
Critical role of chromium (Cr)-DNA interactions in the formation of Cr-induced polymerase arresting lesions. Biochemistry (2002) 0.90
Chromium(VI) induces p53-dependent apoptosis in diploid human lung and mouse dermal fibroblasts. Mol Carcinog (2000) 0.90
Cyclin B1 expression in HeLa S3 cells studied by flow cytometry. Exp Cell Res (1994) 0.89
Mutations of the p53 gene in human lung cancer from chromate-exposed workers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1997) 0.88
Analysis of EDTA-chelatable proteins from DNA-protein crosslinks induced by a carcinogenic chromium(VI) in cultured intact human cells. Mol Cell Biochem (1999) 0.84
Effects of mannitol or catalase on the generation of reactive oxygen species leading to DNA damage by Chromium(VI) reduction with ascorbate. Chem Res Toxicol (1999) 0.80
The reductive conversion of the carcinogen chromium (VI) and its role in the formation of DNA lesions. Ann Clin Lab Sci (1996) 0.77
Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in metal carcinogenesis and cocarcinogenesis: nickel, arsenic, and chromium. Chem Res Toxicol (2007) 2.59
Depletion of intracellular ascorbate by the carcinogenic metals nickel and cobalt results in the induction of hypoxic stress. J Biol Chem (2004) 1.85
Human nucleotide excision repair efficiently removes chromium-DNA phosphate adducts and protects cells against chromate toxicity. J Biol Chem (2004) 1.40
Ascorbate acts as a highly potent inducer of chromate mutagenesis and clastogenesis: linkage to DNA breaks in G2 phase by mismatch repair. Nucleic Acids Res (2006) 1.28
Rapid DNA double-strand breaks resulting from processing of Cr-DNA cross-links by both MutS dimers. Cancer Res (2009) 1.21
Genotoxicity and mutagenicity of chromium(VI)/ascorbate-generated DNA adducts in human and bacterial cells. Biochemistry (2003) 1.19
Cellular vitamin C increases chromate toxicity via a death program requiring mismatch repair but not p53. Carcinogenesis (2007) 1.19
Causes of DNA single-strand breaks during reduction of chromate by glutathione in vitro and in cells. Free Radic Biol Med (2006) 1.19
Carcinogenic chromium(VI) induces cross-linking of vitamin C to DNA in vitro and in human lung A549 cells. Biochemistry (2002) 1.13
Bioavailability, intracellular mobilization of nickel, and HIF-1α activation in human lung epithelial cells exposed to metallic nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Sci (2011) 1.10
Ascorbate depletion mediates up-regulation of hypoxia-associated proteins by cell density and nickel. J Cell Biochem (2006) 1.10
The chromate-inducible chrBACF operon from the transposable element TnOtChr confers resistance to chromium(VI) and superoxide. J Bacteriol (2008) 1.08
Mechanism of DNA-protein cross-linking by chromium. Chem Res Toxicol (2010) 1.00
Lower mutagenicity but higher stability of Cr-DNA adducts formed during gradual chromate activation with ascorbate. Carcinogenesis (2006) 0.98
WRN helicase promotes repair of DNA double-strand breaks caused by aberrant mismatch repair of chromium-DNA adducts. Cell Cycle (2009) 0.93
Pilot-scale production and characterization of paramyosin, a vaccine candidate for schistosomiasis japonica. Infect Immun (2008) 0.93
Undetectable role of oxidative DNA damage in cell cycle, cytotoxic and clastogenic effects of Cr(VI) in human lung cells with restored ascorbate levels. Mutagenesis (2012) 0.90
Killing of chromium-damaged cells by mismatch repair and its relevance to carcinogenesis. Cell Cycle (2005) 0.90
p53 activation by Ni(II) is a HIF-1α independent response causing caspases 9/3-mediated apoptosis in human lung cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (2013) 0.89
S-phase sensing of DNA-protein crosslinks triggers TopBP1-independent ATR activation and p53-mediated cell death by formaldehyde. Cell Cycle (2012) 0.89
XPA impacts formation but not proteasome-sensitive repair of DNA-protein cross-links induced by chromate. Mutagenesis (2010) 0.89
Role of direct reactivity with metals in chemoprotection by N-acetylcysteine against chromium(VI), cadmium(II), and cobalt(II). Free Radic Biol Med (2013) 0.88
Differentiation of DNA reactive and non-reactive genotoxic mechanisms using gene expression profile analysis. Mutat Res (2004) 0.85
XRCC1 deficiency sensitizes human lung epithelial cells to genotoxicity by crocidolite asbestos and Libby amphibole. Environ Health Perspect (2010) 0.84
Co-exposure to nickel and cobalt chloride enhances cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol (2011) 0.84
Reduction with glutathione is a weakly mutagenic pathway in chromium(VI) metabolism. Chem Res Toxicol (2008) 0.83
Reductive activation with cysteine represents a chromium(III)-dependent pathway in the induction of genotoxicity by carcinogenic chromium(VI). Environ Health Perspect (2002) 0.81
Methylmercury impairs motor function in early development and induces oxidative stress in cerebellar granule cells. Toxicol Lett (2013) 0.79
Monitoring Cr intermediates and reactive oxygen species with fluorescent probes during chromate reduction. Chem Res Toxicol (2014) 0.79
Chromium(VI) causes interstrand DNA cross-linking in vitro but shows no hypersensitivity in cross-link repair-deficient human cells. Chem Res Toxicol (2013) 0.78
Different ATM Signaling in Response to Chromium(VI) Metabolism via Ascorbate and Nonascorbate Reduction: Implications for in Vitro Models and Toxicogenomics. Environ Health Perspect (2015) 0.77
Uptake, p53 pathway activation, and cytotoxic responses for Co(II) and Ni(II) in human lung cells: implications for carcinogenicity. Toxicol Sci (2013) 0.77
Metabolism of Cr(VI) by ascorbate but not glutathione is a low oxidant-generating process. J Trace Elem Med Biol (2012) 0.76