Published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A on January 01, 1989
Effect of hydrogen peroxide and dithiothreitol on contractile function of single skeletal muscle fibres from the mouse. J Physiol (1998) 2.61
Effector T Cells Abrogate Stroma-Mediated Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer. Cell (2016) 1.62
Cystathionine gamma-Lyase-deficient mice require dietary cysteine to protect against acute lethal myopathy and oxidative injury. J Biol Chem (2010) 1.61
Primary role of functional ischemia, quantitative evidence for the two-hit mechanism, and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor therapy in mouse muscular dystrophy. PLoS One (2007) 1.60
Glutathione deficiency leads to mitochondrial damage in brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.43
Glutathione is required for intestinal function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.43
Inhibition of glutathione synthesis in the newborn rat: a model for endogenously produced oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.43
Glutathione ester prevents buthionine sulfoximine-induced cataracts and lens epithelial cell damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.37
High-affinity transport of glutathione is part of a multicomponent system essential for mitochondrial function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.32
Glutathione deficiency decreases tissue ascorbate levels in newborn rats: ascorbate spares glutathione and protects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.27
Effect of chronic ethanol feeding on glutathione and functional integrity of mitochondria in periportal and perivenous rat hepatocytes. J Clin Invest (1994) 1.22
Hydrogen peroxide efflux from muscle mitochondria underestimates matrix superoxide production--a correction using glutathione depletion. FEBS J (2010) 1.21
Glutathione metabolism in the lung: inhibition of its synthesis leads to lamellar body and mitochondrial defects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.21
In situ detection and measurement of intracellular reactive oxygen species in single isolated mature skeletal muscle fibers by real time fluorescence microscopy. Antioxid Redox Signal (2008) 1.19
Impaired uptake of glutathione by hepatic mitochondria from chronic ethanol-fed rats. Tracer kinetic studies in vitro and in vivo and susceptibility to oxidant stress. J Clin Invest (1991) 1.18
Buthionine sulfoximine sensitizes antihormone-resistant human breast cancer cells to estrogen-induced apoptosis. Breast Cancer Res (2008) 1.14
Mitochondria as a critical target of the chemotheraputic agent cisplatin in head and neck cancer. J Bioenerg Biomembr (2007) 1.12
Time line of redox events in aging postmitotic cells. Elife (2013) 1.10
Muscle choline kinase beta defect causes mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitophagy. Hum Mol Genet (2011) 1.06
Ascorbic acid prevents oxidative stress in glutathione-deficient mice: effects on lung type 2 cell lamellar bodies, lung surfactant, and skeletal muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 1.05
Oxidative stress accumulates in adipose tissue during aging and inhibits adipogenesis. PLoS One (2011) 1.05
Myopathy in vitamin E deficient rats: muscle fibre necrosis associated with disturbances of mitochondrial function. J Anat (1993) 1.00
Defective homocysteine metabolism: potential implications for skeletal muscle malfunction. Int J Mol Sci (2013) 0.99
Effects of N-acetylcysteine and glutathione ethyl ester drops on streptozotocin-induced diabetic cataract in rats. Mol Vis (2008) 0.99
Modulation of expression of rat mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate carrier in NRK-52E cells alters mitochondrial transport and accumulation of glutathione and susceptibility to chemically induced apoptosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther (2005) 0.99
Glutathione deficiency increases hepatic ascorbic acid synthesis in adult mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 0.95
Growth-associated changes in glutathione content correlate with liver metastatic activity of B16 melanoma cells. Clin Exp Metastasis (1999) 0.95
Dissecting the role of glutathione biosynthesis in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Microbiol (2011) 0.93
Inhibition of cancer growth and selective glutathione depletion in Ehrlich tumour cells in vivo by extracellular ATP. Biochem J (1994) 0.90
Oral N-acetylcysteine rescues lethality of hepatocyte-specific Gclc-knockout mice, providing a model for hepatic cirrhosis. J Hepatol (2010) 0.89
Mitochondrial peroxiredoxins are critical for the maintenance of redox state and the survival of adult Drosophila. Free Radic Biol Med (2010) 0.87
Glutathione ester delays the onset of scurvy in ascorbate-deficient guinea pigs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 0.86
Effects of glutathione depletion and age on skeletal muscle performance and morphology following chronic stretch-shortening contraction exposure. Eur J Appl Physiol (2009) 0.85
Depletion of tumour glutathione in vivo by buthionine sulphoximine: modulation by the rate of cellular proliferation and inhibition of cancer growth. Biochem J (1993) 0.84
Skeletal muscle glutathione after surgical trauma. Ann Surg (1996) 0.84
Exercise and oxidative stress: Sources of free radicals and their impact on antioxidant systems. Age (Omaha) (1997) 0.84
Glutathione and the rate of cellular proliferation determine tumour cell sensitivity to tumour necrosis factor in vivo. Biochem J (1997) 0.82
Effects of age and glutathione levels on oxidative stress in rats after chronic exposure to stretch-shortening contractions. Eur J Appl Physiol (2009) 0.81
The mechanism of cardioprotection by S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester in rat isolated heart during cardioplegic ischaemic arrest. Br J Pharmacol (1996) 0.80
CFTR activity and mitochondrial function. Redox Biol (2013) 0.79
Nitric oxide-generating system as an autocrine mechanism in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. Biochem J (1993) 0.77
Disruption of GRM1-mediated signalling using riluzole results in DNA damage in melanoma cells. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res (2014) 0.77
Alterations in the glutathione metabolism could be implicated in the ischemia-induced small intestinal cell damage in horses. BMC Vet Res (2009) 0.75
Characterization of mitochondrial function in cells with impaired cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) function. J Bioenerg Biomembr (2016) 0.75
A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem (1976) 903.81
Glutathione. Annu Rev Biochem (1983) 15.18
Potent and specific inhibition of glutathione synthesis by buthionine sulfoximine (S-n-butyl homocysteine sulfoximine). J Biol Chem (1979) 7.16
Selective modification of glutathione metabolism. Science (1983) 3.64
Glutathione: interorgan translocation, turnover, and metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 2.71
Origin and turnover of mitochondrial glutathione. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 2.37
Enzymatic defenses of the mouse heart against reactive oxygen metabolites: alterations produced by doxorubicin. J Clin Invest (1980) 2.03
Isolation and properties of gamma-L-glutamylcyclotransferase from human brain. Biochemistry (1969) 1.89
Glutathione monoethyl ester: preparation, uptake by tissues, and conversion to glutathione. Arch Biochem Biophys (1985) 1.82
gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase from kidney. Methods Enzymol (1985) 1.69
Glutathione biosynthesis; gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from rat kidney. Methods Enzymol (1985) 1.50
Radioprotection by glutathione ester: transport of glutathione ester into human lymphoid cells and fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1984) 1.35
Transport of glutathione, as gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycyl ester, into liver and kidney. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.35
Near-total glutathione depletion and age-specific cataracts induced by buthionine sulfoximine in mice. Science (1986) 1.09
Protection of granulocytes by vitamin E in glutathione synthetase deficiency. N Engl J Med (1979) 1.06
A simple specific method for the determination of the hemoglobin content of tissue homogenates. Clin Chim Acta (1979) 1.05
Glutathione depletion in tissues after administration of buthionine sulphoximine. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys (1984) 1.02
Familial spinocerebellar degeneration, hemolytic anemia, and glutathione deficiency. Arch Intern Med (1974) 0.98
Preparation of gamma-glutamyl amino acids by chemical and enzymatic methods. Methods Enzymol (1985) 0.98
Mitochondrial changes in ischemic skeletal muscle. J Ultrastruct Res (1977) 0.97
Relationship of in vivo erythrocyte glutathione flux to the oxidized glutathione transport system. J Lab Clin Med (1974) 0.93
Glutathione turnover in human erythrocytes. Inhibition by buthionine sulfoximine and incorporation of glycine by exchange. J Biol Chem (1981) 0.90
Method for determination of free and total glutathione and gamma-glutamylcysteine concentrations in human leukocytes and plasma. J Chromatogr (1987) 0.89
Glutathione levels in cultured heart cells. Influence of buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of glutathione synthesis. Biochem Pharmacol (1987) 0.80
Cellular response of rat quadriceps muscle to chronic dietary restrictions. J Nutr (1978) 0.80
Ischemic muscle as a model of regeneration. Exp Neurol (1978) 0.79
Glutathione. Annu Rev Biochem (1983) 15.18
Potent and specific inhibition of glutathione synthesis by buthionine sulfoximine (S-n-butyl homocysteine sulfoximine). J Biol Chem (1979) 7.16
Glutathione and related gamma-glutamyl compounds: biosynthesis and utilization. Annu Rev Biochem (1976) 3.84
Selective modification of glutathione metabolism. Science (1983) 3.64
On the enzymology of amino acid transport. Science (1973) 3.24
Regulation of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine synthetase by nonallosteric feedback inhibition by glutathione. J Biol Chem (1975) 3.23
High resistance to cisplatin in human ovarian cancer cell lines is associated with marked increase of glutathione synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 3.22
Interaction of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase with amino acids, dipeptides, and derivatives and analogs of glutathione. J Biol Chem (1974) 3.18
The gamma-glutamyl cycle: a possible transport system for amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1970) 3.13
Studies on the mechanism of inhibition of glutamine synthetase by methionine sulfoximine. Biochemistry (1969) 3.10
Cytologically integrated physical restriction fragment length polymorphism maps for the barley genome based on translocation breakpoints. Genetics (2000) 3.05
Glutathione: interorgan translocation, turnover, and metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 2.71
Pan: a transcriptional regulator that binds chymotrypsin, insulin, and AP-4 enhancer motifs. Genes Dev (1990) 2.46
Origin and turnover of mitochondrial glutathione. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 2.37
Glutathione regulates activation-dependent DNA synthesis in highly purified normal human T lymphocytes stimulated via the CD2 and CD3 antigens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 2.22
Translocation of intracellular glutathione to membrane-bound gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase as a discrete step in the gamma-glutamyl cycle: glutathionuria after inhibition of transpeptidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 2.20
Catalytic and regulatory properties of the heavy subunit of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. J Biol Chem (1993) 2.13
An efficient screen for reproductive pathways using mature seeds of monocots and dicots. Plant J (2000) 2.11
Serine-borate complex as a transition-state inhibitor of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1978) 2.03
gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase: catalytic, structural and functional aspects. Mol Cell Biochem (1981) 1.98
Inhibition of glutathione biosynthesis by prothionine sulfoximine (S-n-propyl homocysteine sulfoximine), a selective inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. J Biol Chem (1979) 1.91
The specificity of glutamine synthetase and its relationship to substrate conformation at the active site. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol (1968) 1.91
Enzymatic conversion of 5-oxo-L-proline (L-pyrrolidone carboxylate) to L-glutamate coupled with cleavage of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate, a reaction in the -glutamyl cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1971) 1.90
Isolation and properties of gamma-L-glutamylcyclotransferase from human brain. Biochemistry (1969) 1.89
Glutathione monoethyl ester: preparation, uptake by tissues, and conversion to glutathione. Arch Biochem Biophys (1985) 1.82
Identification of L-methionine S-sulfoximine as the diastereoisomer of L-methionine SR-sulfoximine that inhibits glutamine synthetase. Biochemistry (1969) 1.82
gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase, a lymphoid cell-surface marker: relationship to blastogenesis, differentiation, and neoplasia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1976) 1.78
Glutathione export by human lymphoid cells: depletion of glutathione by inhibition of its synthesis decreases export and increases sensitivity to irradiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1981) 1.77
Evidence that the gamma-glutamyl cycle functions in vivo using intracellular glutathione: effects of amino acids and selective inhibition of enzymes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1978) 1.77
Studies on glutamine synthetase from Escherichia coli. Formation of pyrrolidone carboxylate and inhibition by methionine sulfoximine. J Biol Chem (1973) 1.76
Histone H4 acetylation of euchromatin and heterochromatin is cell cycle dependent and correlated with replication rather than with transcription. Plant Cell (2000) 1.75
Phosphorylation of methionine sulfoximine by glutamine synthetase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1968) 1.72
gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase from kidney. Methods Enzymol (1985) 1.69
Association of Enzymatic Activity with Submicroscopic Particles. Science (1952) 1.65
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Methods Enzymol (1981) 1.63
Control of Escherichia coli carbamyl phosphate synthetase by purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Biochemistry (1966) 1.58
-Glutamyl cyclotransferase. Distribution, isozymic forms, and specificity. J Biol Chem (1973) 1.56
Amino acid sequence and function of the light subunit of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. J Biol Chem (1993) 1.52
Interconversion of leukotrienes catalyzed by purified gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase: concomitant formation of leukotriene D4 and gamma-glutamyl amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 1.52
Glutathione synthetase deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism involving the gamma-glutamyl cycle in patients with 5-oxoprolinuria (pyroglutamic aciduria). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 1.51
Glutathione biosynthesis; gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase from rat kidney. Methods Enzymol (1985) 1.50
Identity of maleate-stimulated glutaminase with gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in rat kidney. J Biol Chem (1975) 1.50
Asparagine synthetase activity of mouse leukemias. Science (1968) 1.49
Tripeptide (glutathione) synthetase. Purification, properties, and mechanism of action. Biochemistry (1967) 1.46
Affinity labeling of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and location of the gamma-glutamyl binding site on the light subunit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1977) 1.45
Glutamine-dependent asparagine synthetase from leukemia cells. Chloride dependence, mechanism of action, and inhibition. J Biol Chem (1972) 1.45
Transport and direct utilization of gamma-glutamylcyst(e)ine for glutathione synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.45
Glutathione, a first line of defense against cadmium toxicity. FASEB J (1987) 1.44
Reversible dissociation of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase into two subunits. J Biol Chem (1984) 1.44
Enzymes of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in the ciliary body and lens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1973) 1.43
Glutathione is required for intestinal function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.43
Glutathione deficiency leads to mitochondrial damage in brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.43
Inhibition of glutathione synthesis in the newborn rat: a model for endogenously produced oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.43
The gamma-glutamyl cycle. Diseases associated with specific enzyme deficiencies. Ann Intern Med (1974) 1.43
Translocation of glutathione from lymphoid cells that have markedly different gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 1.43
Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected monocytic cells by glutathione, glutathione ester, and N-acetylcysteine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.40
Resolution of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein of vicia faba chloroplasts into two different chlorophyll-protein complexes. Biochim Biophys Acta (1979) 1.38
Transport of gamma-glutamyl amino acids: role of glutathione and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 1.38
Accumulation of 5-oxoproline in mouse tissues after inhibition of 5-oxoprolinase and administration of amino acids: evidence for function of the gamma-glutamyl cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 1.37
Glutathione ester prevents buthionine sulfoximine-induced cataracts and lens epithelial cell damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.37
Stimulation of the hydrolytic activity and decrease of the transpeptidase activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase by maleate; identity of a rat kidney maleate-stimulated glutaminase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 1.37
Regulation of rat liver glutamine synthetase: activation by alpha-ketoglutarate and inhibition by glycine, alanine, and carbamyl phosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1971) 1.37
Hydrolysis and transfer reactions catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; evidence for separate substrate sites and for high affinity of L-cystine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1976) 1.36
Rat liver glutamine synthetase. Preparation, properties, and mechanism of inhibition by carbamyl phosphate. J Biol Chem (1972) 1.36
Inhibition of 5-oxoprolinase by 2-imidazolidone-4-carboxylic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1973) 1.36
Glutamine-binding subunit of glutamate synthase and partial reactions catalyzed by this glutamine amidotransferase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 1.36
Reversible dissociation of carbamyl phosphate synthetase into a regulated synthesis subunit and a subunit required for glutamine utilization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1971) 1.35
Radioprotection by glutathione ester: transport of glutathione ester into human lymphoid cells and fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1984) 1.35
Transport of glutathione, as gamma-glutamylcysteinylglycyl ester, into liver and kidney. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.35
The -glutamyl cycle in the choroid plexus: its possible function in amino acid transport. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1973) 1.35
Inhibition of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by cystamine: an approach to a therapy of 5-oxoprolinuria (pyroglutamic aciduria). Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1977) 1.34
Evidence for an activated form of carbon dioxide in the reaction catalyzed by Escherichia coli carbamyl phosphate synthetase. Biochemistry (1965) 1.33
Excretion of cysteine and gamma-glutamylcysteine moieties in human and experimental animal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1980) 1.33
Glutathione turnover in the kidney; considerations relating to the gamma-glutamyl cycle and the transport of amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 1.33
High-affinity transport of glutathione is part of a multicomponent system essential for mitochondrial function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.32
Reversible dissociation of the monomer of glutamine-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthetase into catalytically active heavy and light subunits. J Biol Chem (1974) 1.32
Identification of L-methionine-S-sulfoximine as the convulsant isomer of methionine sulfoximine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1970) 1.30
Binding of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate by glutamine synthetase. Biochemistry (1966) 1.30
Direct evidence for inter-organ transport of glutathione and that the non-filtration renal mechanism for glutathione utilization involves gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1980) 1.29
Bicarbonate-dependent cleavage of adenosine triphosphate and other reactions catalyzed by Escherichia coli carbamyl phosphate synthetase. Biochemistry (1966) 1.29
Glutathione synthetase. Purification from rat kidney and mapping of the substrate binding sites. J Biol Chem (1979) 1.29
Nuclear DNA content and nuclear and cell volume are positively correlated in angiosperms. Cytogenet Genome Res (2006) 1.28
Mechanism of islet amyloid polypeptide fibrillation at lipid interfaces studied by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy. Biophys J (2007) 1.27
Glutathione deficiency decreases tissue ascorbate levels in newborn rats: ascorbate spares glutathione and protects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.27
Amino acid sequence of rat kidney gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. J Biol Chem (1990) 1.27
Selective inhibition of gamma-glutamyl-cycle enzymes by substrate analogs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1977) 1.26
Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Interactions of an essential sulfhydryl group. J Biol Chem (1984) 1.26
Intracellular cysteine delivery system that protects against toxicity by promoting glutathione synthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 1.26
Glutathione and gamma-glutamyl cycle enzymes in crypt and villus tip cells of rat jejunal mucosa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1976) 1.25
Isolation and properties of a new glutamine transaminase from rat kidney. J Biol Chem (1974) 1.24
On the active site thiol of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase: relationships to catalysis, inhibition, and regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 1.24
Stereospecific synthesis of alpha-methyl-L-glutamine by glutamine synthetase. Biochemistry (1965) 1.22
Isolation and properties of highly purified glutamine transaminase. Biochemistry (1972) 1.22
Glutathione monoesters. Anal Biochem (1989) 1.22
Interaction of L-aspartate beta-decarboxylase with beta-chloro-L-alanine. Beta-elimination reaction and active-site labeling. Biochemistry (1969) 1.22
gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase. Further purification, "half of the sites" reactivity, subunits, and specificity. J Biol Chem (1977) 1.22