Published in Nature on August 04, 1988
Before enzymes and templates: theory of surface metabolism. Microbiol Rev (1988) 3.86
Protein folding. Biochem J (1990) 2.75
Stabilization of phage T4 lysozyme by engineered disulfide bonds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 2.17
The response of T4 lysozyme to large-to-small substitutions within the core and its relation to the hydrophobic effect. Protein Sci (1998) 2.02
Crystal structure of the large fragment of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase I at 2.5-A resolution: structural basis for thermostability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.94
Hydrophobic effect in protein folding and other noncovalent processes involving proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.92
Conformational stability of dimeric proteins: quantitative studies by equilibrium denaturation. Protein Sci (1994) 1.83
The cytoplasmic component of the bacterial flagellar motor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 1.74
Molecular evolution of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 functional stability. EMBO J (1995) 1.73
Hydrophobic packing in T4 lysozyme probed by cavity-filling mutants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.50
Determination of intrinsic hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in peptides in the absence of nearest-neighbor or conformational effects. Biopolymers (2006) 1.46
Direct measurement of salt-bridge solvation energies using a peptide model system: implications for protein stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.35
Excluded volume approximation to protein-solvent interaction. The solvent contact model. Biophys J (1990) 1.30
Energetics of repacking a protein interior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.28
Conservation of solvent-binding sites in 10 crystal forms of T4 lysozyme. Protein Sci (1994) 1.25
Estimation of the maximum change in stability of globular proteins upon mutation of a hydrophobic residue to another of smaller size. Protein Sci (1993) 1.24
Contribution of the hydrophobic effect to protein stability: analysis based on simulations of the Ile-96----Ala mutation in barnase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.20
Effects of salt bridges on protein structure and design. Protein Sci (1998) 1.20
Protein-protein recognition via short amphiphilic helices; a mutational analysis of the binding site of annexin II for p11. EMBO J (1990) 1.13
Modular mutagenesis of human placental ribonuclease inhibitor, a protein with leucine-rich repeats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.11
Engineering multiple properties of a protein by combinatorial mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 1.08
Serial increase in the thermal stability of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis by experimental evolution. Protein Sci (1998) 1.00
Thermal stability determinants of chicken egg-white lysozyme core mutants: hydrophobicity, packing volume, and conserved buried water molecules. Protein Sci (1995) 1.00
Tests for helix-stabilizing interactions between various nonpolar side chains in alanine-based peptides. Protein Sci (1994) 0.97
Interatomic potentials and solvation parameters from protein engineering data for buried residues. Protein Sci (2002) 0.96
Comparison of family 12 glycoside hydrolases and recruited substitutions important for thermal stability. Protein Sci (2003) 0.96
Mutational analysis of hydrophobic domain interactions in gamma B-crystallin from bovine eye lens. Protein Sci (1997) 0.95
Structural and energetic basis of carbohydrate-aromatic packing interactions in proteins. J Am Chem Soc (2013) 0.94
Further stabilization of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase of an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus, by a suppressor mutation method. J Bacteriol (1996) 0.94
Synthesis of an enzymatically active FLP recombinase in vitro: search for a DNA-binding domain. Mol Cell Biol (1989) 0.93
Cavity as a source of conformational fluctuation and high-energy state: high-pressure NMR study of a cavity-enlarged mutant of T4 lysozyme. Biophys J (2015) 0.92
Stabilization of hen egg white lysozyme by a cavity-filling mutation. Protein Sci (2001) 0.91
Bothnia dystrophy is caused by domino-like rearrangements in cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein mutant R234W. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2009) 0.91
Simultaneous enhancement of thermostability and catalytic activity of phospholipase A(1) by evolutionary molecular engineering. Appl Environ Microbiol (2000) 0.90
Multilayer adsorption of lysozyme on a hydrophobic substrate. Biophys J (1990) 0.89
Role of interchain alpha-helical hydrophobic interactions in Ca2+ affinity, formation, and stability of a two-site domain in troponin C. Protein Sci (1992) 0.87
X-ray structures of three interface mutants of gammaB-crystallin from bovine eye lens. Protein Sci (1998) 0.87
On hydrophobicity and conformational specificity in proteins. Biophys J (2004) 0.86
Improvement of Drosophila acetylcholinesterase stability by elimination of a free cysteine. BMC Biochem (2002) 0.84
Nonspecific hydrophobic interactions stabilize an equilibrium intermediate of apomyoglobin at a key position within the AGH region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2004) 0.83
A bottom-up approach to understanding protein layer formation at solid-liquid interfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci (2013) 0.83
Theoretical studies of the response of a protein structure to cavity-creating mutations. Biophys J (2000) 0.82
Investigation of an anomalously accelerating substitution in the folding of a prototypical two-state protein. J Mol Biol (2010) 0.82
Energetics of aliphatic deletions in protein cores. Protein Sci (2006) 0.81
Construction and properties of a temperature-sensitive mutation in the gene for the bacteriophage SPO1 DNA-binding protein TF1. J Bacteriol (1990) 0.80
Stability of mutant actins. Biochem J (1991) 0.80
A 19F-NMR study of the membrane-binding region of D-lactate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli. Protein Sci (1993) 0.79
Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA: four new exonic mutations in patients with N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet (1996) 0.79
Distal hinge of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 involves its latency transition and specificities toward serine proteases. BMC Biochem (2003) 0.78
Use of surface area computations to describe atom-atom interactions. J Comput Aided Mol Des (2001) 0.77
Complex flexibility of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 0.77
Evaluation and directed evolution for thermostability improvement of a GH 13 thermostable α-glucosidase from Thermus thermophilus TC11. BMC Biotechnol (2015) 0.75
Characterizing hydrophobicity of amino acid side chains in a protein environment via measuring contact angle of a water nanodroplet on planar peptide network. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2016) 0.75
Solvent content of protein crystals. J Mol Biol (1968) 106.07
Comparison of the predicted and observed secondary structure of T4 phage lysozyme. Biochim Biophys Acta (1975) 17.03
The helix-turn-helix DNA binding motif. J Biol Chem (1989) 6.87
Response of a protein structure to cavity-creating mutations and its relation to the hydrophobic effect. Science (1992) 6.51
Structure of the cro repressor from bacteriophage lambda and its interaction with DNA. Nature (1981) 5.24
Protein stability curves. Biopolymers (1987) 4.89
Structural basis of amino acid alpha helix propensity. Science (1993) 4.36
Enhancement of the method of molecular replacement by incorporation of known structural information. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (1994) 4.26
Structural basis of DNA-protein recognition. Trends Biochem Sci (1989) 3.95
Enhanced protein thermostability from site-directed mutations that decrease the entropy of unfolding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 3.85
Three-dimensional structure of tosyl-alpha-chymotrypsin. Nature (1967) 3.57
DNA-binding proteins. Science (1983) 3.56
The molecular basis of DNA-protein recognition inferred from the structure of cro repressor. Nature (1982) 3.56
Three-dimensional structure of beta-galactosidase from E. coli. Nature (1994) 3.46
A relationship between protein stability and protein function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 3.44
A mutant T4 lysozyme displays five different crystal conformations. Nature (1990) 3.07
Structure of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme refined at 1.7 A resolution. J Mol Biol (1987) 3.02
pH-induced denaturation of proteins: a single salt bridge contributes 3-5 kcal/mol to the free energy of folding of T4 lysozyme. Biochemistry (1990) 2.99
Escherichia coli biotin holoenzyme synthetase/bio repressor crystal structure delineates the biotin- and DNA-binding domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 2.89
Structural similarity in the DNA-binding domains of catabolite gene activator and cro repressor proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 2.84
Structure of thermolysin refined at 1.6 A resolution. J Mol Biol (1982) 2.84
Structure of crystalline -chymotrypsin. II. A preliminary report including a hypothesis for the activation mechanism. J Mol Biol (1968) 2.72
Accurate calculation of the density of proteins. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr (2000) 2.70
Control of enzyme activity by an engineered disulfide bond. Science (1989) 2.70
Protein flexibility and adaptability seen in 25 crystal forms of T4 lysozyme. J Mol Biol (1995) 2.55
Similar hydrophobic replacements of Leu99 and Phe153 within the core of T4 lysozyme have different structural and thermodynamic consequences. J Mol Biol (1993) 2.50
Structure and X-ray amino acid sequence of a bacteriochlorophyll A protein from Prosthecochloris aestuarii refined at 1.9 A resolution. J Mol Biol (1986) 2.45
Protein-DNA interaction. No code for recognition. Nature (1988) 2.31
Structural and thermodynamic consequences of burying a charged residue within the hydrophobic core of T4 lysozyme. Biochemistry (1991) 2.31
Solid-state synthesis and mechanical unfolding of polymers of T4 lysozyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 2.25
The conformation of thermolysin. J Biol Chem (1974) 2.25
Structural analysis of zinc substitutions in the active site of thermolysin. Protein Sci (1995) 2.24
Stabilization of phage T4 lysozyme by engineered disulfide bonds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 2.17
Covalent structure of a group-specific protease from rat small intestine. Appendix: crystallographic data for a group specific protease from rat intestine. Biochemistry (1978) 2.17
Ancestral lysozymes reconstructed, neutrality tested, and thermostability linked to hydrocarbon packing. Nature (1990) 2.14
Toroidal structure of lambda-exonuclease. Science (1997) 2.14
Temperature-sensitive mutations of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme occur at sites with low mobility and low solvent accessibility in the folded protein. Biochemistry (1987) 2.12
Specificity of ligand binding in a buried nonpolar cavity of T4 lysozyme: linkage of dynamics and structural plasticity. Biochemistry (1995) 2.10
A cavity-containing mutant of T4 lysozyme is stabilized by buried benzene. Nature (1992) 2.10
Structure of the DNA-binding region of lac repressor inferred from its homology with cro repressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 2.09
Structure and function of the methionine aminopeptidases. Biochim Biophys Acta (2000) 2.09
Substantial increase of protein stability by multiple disulphide bonds. Nature (1989) 2.08
Second-site revertants of an inactive T4 lysozyme mutant restore activity by restructuring the active site cleft. Biochemistry (1991) 2.03
The response of T4 lysozyme to large-to-small substitutions within the core and its relation to the hydrophobic effect. Protein Sci (1998) 2.02
Contributions of hydrogen bonds of Thr 157 to the thermodynamic stability of phage T4 lysozyme. Nature (1987) 2.01
Intrahelical hydrogen bonding of serine, threonine and cysteine residues within alpha-helices and its relevance to membrane-bound proteins. J Mol Biol (1984) 2.00
Structural studies of protein-nucleic acid interactions. Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng (1983) 1.95
Determination of alpha-helix propensity within the context of a folded protein. Sites 44 and 131 in bacteriophage T4 lysozyme. J Mol Biol (1994) 1.95
Three-dimensional structure of human basic fibroblast growth factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.94
Enhanced protein thermostability from designed mutations that interact with alpha-helix dipoles. Nature (1988) 1.89
A structural basis for processivity. Protein Sci (2001) 1.85
Kinetic studies on Cro repressor-operator DNA interaction. J Mol Biol (1987) 1.85
Structure of the cobalt-dependent methionine aminopeptidase from Escherichia coli: a new type of proteolytic enzyme. Biochemistry (1993) 1.80
Many gene-regulatory proteins appear to have a similar alpha-helical fold that binds DNA and evolved from a common precursor. J Mol Evol (1983) 1.80
Analysis of the interaction between charged side chains and the alpha-helix dipole using designed thermostable mutants of phage T4 lysozyme. Biochemistry (1991) 1.79
Type II restriction endonucleases: structural, functional and evolutionary relationships. Curr Opin Chem Biol (1999) 1.79
The structure of thermolysin: an electron density map at 2-3 A resolution. J Mol Biol (1972) 1.77
Thiol-disulfide exchange is involved in the catalytic mechanism of peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.76
Eukaryotic methionyl aminopeptidases: two classes of cobalt-dependent enzymes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 1.76
Contributions of engineered surface salt bridges to the stability of T4 lysozyme determined by directed mutagenesis. Biochemistry (1991) 1.76
Energetic origins of specificity of ligand binding in an interior nonpolar cavity of T4 lysozyme. Biochemistry (1995) 1.75
Structure-based design of a lysozyme with altered catalytic activity. Nat Struct Biol (1995) 1.73
Design and structural analysis of alternative hydrophobic core packing arrangements in bacteriophage T4 lysozyme. J Mol Biol (1992) 1.73
Structure and mechanism of peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase, an "anti-oxidation" enzyme. Biochemistry (2000) 1.72
Enhancement of protein stability by the combination of point mutations in T4 lysozyme is additive. Protein Eng (1995) 1.68
Atomic co-ordinates for tosyl-alpha-chymotrypsin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1969) 1.67
Molecular basis of thermostability in the lysozyme from bacteriophage T4. Nature (1979) 1.66
A crystallographic study of the complex of phosphoramidon with thermolysin. A model for the presumed catalytic transition state and for the binding of extended substances. J Mol Biol (1977) 1.65
Protein-DNA conformational changes in the crystal structure of a lambda Cro-operator complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.63
Reversible lattice repacking illustrates the temperature dependence of macromolecular interactions. J Mol Biol (2001) 1.60
An interactive computer graphics study of thermolysin-catalyzed peptide cleavage and inhibition by N-carboxymethyl dipeptides. Biochemistry (1984) 1.59
Comparison of the crystal structure of bacteriophage T4 lysozyme at low, medium, and high ionic strengths. Proteins (1991) 1.57
A test of the "jigsaw puzzle" model for protein folding by multiple methionine substitutions within the core of T4 lysozyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.56
Structure of Escherichia coli exonuclease I suggests how processivity is achieved. Nat Struct Biol (2000) 1.55
Structure of a bacteriochlorophyll a-protein from the green photosynthetic bacterium Prosthecochloris aestuarii. J Mol Biol (1979) 1.54
The three dimensional structure of the lysozyme from bacteriophage T4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 1.52
A covalent enzyme-substrate intermediate with saccharide distortion in a mutant T4 lysozyme. Science (1993) 1.50
Hydrophobic packing in T4 lysozyme probed by cavity-filling mutants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.50
Folding and function of a T4 lysozyme containing 10 consecutive alanines illustrate the redundancy of information in an amino acid sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 1.49
Corepressor-induced organization and assembly of the biotin repressor: a model for allosteric activation of a transcriptional regulator. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 1.49
Comparison of the structures of cro and lambda repressor proteins from bacteriophage lambda. J Mol Biol (1983) 1.48
Relation between hen egg white lysozyme and bacteriophage T4 lysozyme: evolutionary implications. J Mol Biol (1981) 1.46
Comparison of the structures of carboxypeptidase A and thermolysin. J Biol Chem (1977) 1.46
Binding of hydroxamic acid inhibitors to crystalline thermolysin suggests a pentacoordinate zinc intermediate in catalysis. Biochemistry (1981) 1.46
A systematic approach to the comparison of protein structures. J Mol Biol (1980) 1.45
Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the alpha-helix 115-123 of phage T4 lysozyme: effects on structure, stability and the binding of solvent. J Mol Biol (1995) 1.43
Size versus polarizability in protein-ligand interactions: binding of noble gases within engineered cavities in phage T4 lysozyme. J Mol Biol (2000) 1.43
Dissection of helix capping in T4 lysozyme by structural and thermodynamic analysis of six amino acid substitutions at Thr 59. Biochemistry (1992) 1.42
Toward a simplification of the protein folding problem: a stabilizing polyalanine alpha-helix engineered in T4 lysozyme. Biochemistry (1991) 1.42
Slow- and fast-binding inhibitors of thermolysin display different modes of binding: crystallographic analysis of extended phosphonamidate transition-state analogues. Biochemistry (1987) 1.42
Binding of N-carboxymethyl dipeptide inhibitors to thermolysin determined by X-ray crystallography: a novel class of transition-state analogues for zinc peptidases. Biochemistry (1984) 1.40
Determination of molecular weight from protein crystals. J Mol Biol (1974) 1.40
The role of backbone flexibility in the accommodation of variants that repack the core of T4 lysozyme. Science (1993) 1.39
Crystallographic study of the binding of dipeptide inhibitors to thermolysin: implications for the mechanism of catalysis. Biochemistry (1977) 1.37
Replacements of Pro86 in phage T4 lysozyme extend an alpha-helix but do not alter protein stability. Science (1988) 1.37