Polymorphism and evolution of influenza A virus genes.

Molecular basis for the generation in pigs of influenza A viruses with pandemic potential. J Virol (1998) 8.44

Positive Darwinian evolution in human influenza A viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 4.78

Measurement of the mutation rates of animal viruses: influenza A virus and poliovirus type 1. J Virol (1986) 4.15

Rapid antigenic-type replacement and DNA sequence evolution of canine parvovirus. J Virol (1991) 2.50

Molecular clock of viral evolution, and the neutral theory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 2.15

Recent development of the neutral theory viewed from the Wrightian tradition of theoretical population genetics. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.93

Host-independent evolution and a genetic classification of the hepadnavirus family based on nucleotide sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.76

Statistical analysis of nucleotide sequences of the hemagglutinin gene of human influenza A viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.55

Punctuated equilibrium and positive Darwinian evolution in vesicular stomatitis virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 1.49

Population structure of the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia hermsii as indicated by polymorphism of two multigene families that encode immunogenic outer surface lipoproteins. Infect Immun (1998) 1.40

Direct determination of the point mutation rate of a murine retrovirus. J Virol (1992) 1.25

Gene encoding capsid protein VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus: a quasispecies model of molecular evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 1.05

Hemagglutinin polymorphism as the basis for low- and high-yield phenotypes of swine influenza virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 0.97

More effective purifying selection on RNA viruses than in DNA viruses. Gene (2007) 0.97

Nucleotide sequence polymorphism in circoviruses. Infect Genet Evol (2007) 0.85

Expert consultation on diagnosis of H5N1 avian influenza infections in humans. Influenza Other Respir Viruses (2007) 0.78

A shortened interval between vaccinations with the trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine increases responsiveness in the aged. Aging (Albany NY) (2015) 0.75

Toward a method for tracking virus evolutionary trajectory applied to the pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus. Infect Genet Evol (2014) 0.75

On the origin of influenza A hemagglutinin. Indian J Microbiol (2010) 0.75

The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol (1987) 266.90

Mathematical model for studying genetic variation in terms of restriction endonucleases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1979) 41.08

MEGA2: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software. Bioinformatics (2001) 38.50

Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol Biol Evol (1993) 38.03

MEGA: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software for microcomputers. Comput Appl Biosci (1994) 28.25

Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1973) 26.31

Statistical studies on protein polymorphism in natural populations. I. Distribution of single locus heterozygosity. Genetics (1977) 17.08

Pattern of nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class I loci reveals overdominant selection. Nature (1988) 15.05

Phylogenetic test of the molecular clock and linearized trees. Mol Biol Evol (1995) 14.60

Gene differences between Caucasian, Negro, and Japanese populations. Science (1972) 12.11

Sampling variances of heterozygosity and genetic distance. Genetics (1974) 11.91

A new method of inference of ancestral nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Genetics (1995) 10.23

DNA polymorphism detectable by restriction endonucleases. Genetics (1981) 10.13

The theory of genetic distance and evolution of human races. Jinrui Idengaku Zasshi (1978) 8.80

Relationships between gene trees and species trees. Mol Biol Evol (1988) 8.63

Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. II. Gene frequency data. J Mol Evol (1983) 7.45

Limitations of the evolutionary parsimony method of phylogenetic analysis. Mol Biol Evol (1990) 5.92

F-statistics and analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Ann Hum Genet (1977) 5.89

Estimation of fixation indices and gene diversities. Ann Hum Genet (1983) 5.67

Genetic structure of human populations. II. Differentiation of blood group gene frequencies among isolated populations. Heredity (Edinb) (1966) 5.55

Positive Darwinian selection after gene duplication in primate ribonuclease genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1998) 5.54

Maximum likelihood estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions from restriction sites data. Genetics (1983) 5.48

Estimation of evolutionary distance between nucleotide sequences. Mol Biol Evol (1984) 5.39

Linkage disequilibrium in subdivided populations. Genetics (1973) 5.22

Allelic genealogy under overdominant and frequency-dependent selection and polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex loci. Genetics (1990) 5.11

Genetic distances and reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from microsatellite DNA. Genetics (1996) 4.55

Nucleotide substitution at major histocompatibility complex class II loci: evidence for overdominant selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 4.52

Drift variances of heterozygosity and genetic distance in transient states. Genet Res (1975) 4.45

Molecular phylogeny and divergence times of drosophilid species. Mol Biol Evol (1995) 4.33

Pseudogenes as a paradigm of neutral evolution. Nature (1981) 4.33

Genetic distance and electrophoretic identity of proteins between taxa. J Mol Evol (1973) 4.19

Modification of linkage intensity by natural selection. Genetics (1967) 3.99

Non-random association between electromorphs and inversion chromosomes in finite populations. Genet Res (1980) 3.69

Gene genealogy and variance of interpopulational nucleotide differences. Genetics (1985) 3.64

Infinite allele model with varying mutation rate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1976) 3.56

Estimation of average number of nucleotide substitutions when the rate of substitution varies with nucleotide. J Mol Evol (1982) 3.45

Population dynamics of sex-determining alleles in honey bees and self-incompatibility alleles in plants. Genetics (1979) 3.27

Probability of identical monomorphism in related species. Genet Res (1975) 2.91

Efficiencies of fast algorithms of phylogenetic inference under the criteria of maximum parsimony, minimum evolution, and maximum likelihood when a large number of sequences are used. Mol Biol Evol (2000) 2.86

Genetic variability maintained by mutation and overdominant selection in finite populations. Genetics (1981) 2.79

Genic variation within and between the three major races of man, Caucasoids, Negroids, and Mongoloids. Am J Hum Genet (1974) 2.77

The frequency distribution of lethal chromosomes in finite populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1968) 2.76

Statistical Studies on Protein Polymorphism in Natural Populations. III. Distribution of Allele Frequencies and the Number of Alleles per Locus. Genetics (1980) 2.76

Theoretical foundation of the minimum-evolution method of phylogenetic inference. Mol Biol Evol (1993) 2.74

Letters to the editors: Lewontin-Krakauer test for neutral genes. Genetics (1975) 2.59

Models of evolution of reproductive isolation. Genetics (1983) 2.58

Phylogenetic analysis of polymorphic DNA sequences at the Adh locus in Drosophila melanogaster and its sibling species. J Mol Evol (1985) 2.48

Interior-branch and bootstrap tests of phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol (1995) 2.45

Positive Darwinian selection promotes charge profile diversity in the antigen-binding cleft of class I major-histocompatibility-complex molecules. Mol Biol Evol (1990) 2.41

Testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by distribution of single locus heterozygosity. Nature (1976) 2.37

Accumulation of mutations in sexual and asexual populations. Genet Res (1987) 2.30

Genetic structure of human populations. I. Local differentiation of blood group gene frequencies in Japan. Heredity (Edinb) (1966) 2.26

The number of nucleotides required to determine the branching order of three species, with special reference to the human-chimpanzee-gorilla divergence. J Mol Evol (1986) 2.25

Accuracies of ancestral amino acid sequences inferred by the parsimony, likelihood, and distance methods. J Mol Evol (1997) 2.23

Identity of genes by descent within and between populations under mutation and migration pressures. Theor Popul Biol (1972) 2.19

Positive darwinian selection observed at the variable-region genes of immunoglobulins. Mol Biol Evol (1989) 2.17

Estimation of mutation rate from rare protein variants. Am J Hum Genet (1977) 2.15

Statistical Studies on Protein Polymorphism in Natural Populations II. Gene Differentiation between Populations. Genetics (1978) 2.13

Evolution of human races at the gene level. Prog Clin Biol Res (1982) 2.13

Note on genetic drift and estimation of effective population size. Genetics (1984) 2.07

Relative efficiencies of the maximum parsimony and distance-matrix methods in obtaining the correct phylogenetic tree. Mol Biol Evol (1988) 2.03

Total number of individuals affected by a single deleterious mutation in a finite population. Am J Hum Genet (1972) 1.98

Small-sample tests of episodic adaptive evolution: a case study of primate lysozymes. Mol Biol Evol (1997) 1.97

Linkage modifications and sex difference in recombination. Genetics (1969) 1.96

Stable linkage disequilibrium without epistasis in subdivided populations. Theor Popul Biol (1974) 1.93

Extinction time of deleterious mutant genes in large populations. Theor Popul Biol (1971) 1.87

Gene duplication and nucleotide substitution in evolution. Nature (1969) 1.85

Efficiencies of different genes and different tree-building methods in recovering a known vertebrate phylogeny. Mol Biol Evol (1996) 1.84

Mean and variance of FST in a finite number of incompletely isolated populations. Theor Popul Biol (1977) 1.79

Divergent evolution and evolution by the birth-and-death process in the immunoglobulin VH gene family. Mol Biol Evol (1994) 1.77

Effective population size when fertility is inherited. Genet Res (1966) 1.76

Variability and heritability of human fertility. Ann Hum Genet (1970) 1.71

The transient distribution of allele frequencies under mutation pressure. Genet Res (1976) 1.70

A note on positive identification of paternity by using genetic markers. Hum Hered (1983) 1.66

Evolution of Antennapedia-class homeobox genes. Genetics (1996) 1.63

Probability of fixation and mean fixation time of an overdominant mutation. Genetics (1973) 1.57

Variance and covariances of the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions per site. Mol Biol Evol (1994) 1.57

Relative efficiencies of the maximum-likelihood, neighbor-joining, and maximum-parsimony methods when substitution rate varies with site. Mol Biol Evol (1994) 1.57

Evolution of the major histocompatibility complex: independent origin of nonclassical class I genes in different groups of mammals. Mol Biol Evol (1989) 1.56

Persistence of common alleles in two related populations or species. Genetics (1977) 1.54

Evolutionary change of linkage intensity. Nature (1968) 1.54

Relative efficiencies of the maximum-parsimony and distance-matrix methods of phylogeny construction for restriction data. Mol Biol Evol (1991) 1.53

Four-cluster analysis: a simple method to test phylogenetic hypotheses. Mol Biol Evol (1995) 1.48

Dynamics of gene differentiation between incompletely isolated populations of unequal sizes. Theor Popul Biol (1974) 1.47

F and g statistics in the finite island model. Genetics (1984) 1.46

Accuracy of estimated phylogenetic trees from molecular data. I. Distantly related species. J Mol Evol (1982) 1.45

Reliabilities of parsimony-based and likelihood-based methods for detecting positive selection at single amino acid sites. Mol Biol Evol (2001) 1.44

Effective size of human populations. Am J Hum Genet (1970) 1.41

ADAPTSITE: detecting natural selection at single amino acid sites. Bioinformatics (2001) 1.40

Total number of individuals affected by a single deleterious mutation in large populations. Theor Popul Biol (1971) 1.39

Statistical properties of the ordinary least-squares, generalized least-squares, and minimum-evolution methods of phylogenetic inference. J Mol Evol (1992) 1.35

Drift variances of FST and GST statistics obtained from a finite number of isolated populations. Theor Popul Biol (1977) 1.31

Frequency changes of new inversions in populations under mutation-selection equilibria. Genetics (1967) 1.29

Effects of restricted population size and increase in mutation rate on the genetic variation of quantitative characters. Genetics (1966) 1.26

Maintenance of MHC polymorphism. Nature (1992) 1.25

Tests of applicability of several substitution models for DNA sequence data. Mol Biol Evol (1995) 1.24

Models of host-parasite interaction and MHC polymorphism. Genetics (1992) 1.19

Evolution of immunoglobulin VH pseudogenes in chickens. Mol Biol Evol (1995) 1.17

Genetic variation in subdivided populations and conservation genetics. Heredity (Edinb) (1986) 1.16

Utility and efficiency of linked marker genes for genetic counseling. II. Identification of linkage phase by offspring phenotypes. Am J Hum Genet (1982) 1.15