Published in Cell on November 01, 1983
A complex control region of the mouse rRNA gene directs accurate initiation by RNA polymerase I. Mol Cell Biol (1985) 2.24
Two distinct promoter elements in the human rRNA gene identified by linker scanning mutagenesis. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 2.09
Growth-dependent regulation of rRNA synthesis is mediated by a transcription initiation factor (TIF-IA). Nucleic Acids Res (1985) 1.99
Linker scanning of the yeast RNA polymerase I promoter. Nucleic Acids Res (1989) 1.71
Efficient transcription of a protein-coding gene from the RNA polymerase I promoter in transfected cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 1.63
Characterization of a yeast mitochondrial promoter by deletion mutagenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 1.59
Conserved arrangements of repeated DNA sequences in nontranscribed spacers of ciliate ribosomal RNA genes: evidence for molecular coevolution. Nucleic Acids Res (1985) 1.47
A novel promoter in the mouse rDNA spacer is active in vivo and in vitro. EMBO J (1987) 1.26
The mouse ribosomal gene terminator consists of three functionally separable sequence elements. EMBO J (1988) 1.26
Linker scanner mutagenesis of the Xenopus laevis ribosomal gene promoter. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 1.26
Multiple repeated units in Drosophila melanogaster ribosomal DNA spacer stimulate rRNA precursor transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 1.23
The core promoter of mouse rDNA consists of two functionally distinct domains. Nucleic Acids Res (1986) 1.21
Precise assignment of the light-strand promoter of mouse mitochondrial DNA: a functional promoter consists of multiple upstream domains. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 1.21
A 12-base-pair sequence is an essential element of the ribosomal gene terminator in Xenopus laevis. Mol Cell Biol (1987) 1.19
Two distant and precisely positioned domains promote transcription of Xenopus laevis rRNA genes: analysis with linker-scanning mutants. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 1.18
Metazoan rDNA enhancer acts by making more genes transcriptionally active. J Cell Biol (1996) 1.18
The Xenopus ribosomal DNA 60- and 81-base-pair repeats are position-dependent enhancers that function at the establishment of the preinitiation complex: analysis in vivo and in an enhancer-responsive in vitro system. Mol Cell Biol (1989) 1.15
Variations in transcriptional activity of rDNA spacer promoters. Nucleic Acids Res (1984) 1.15
Pea cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene has no intron and generates two mRNA transcripts with different 5'-termini. Nucleic Acids Res (1985) 1.14
Upstream domains of the Xenopus laevis rDNA promoter are revealed in microinjected oocytes. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 1.10
DNase I footprinting shows three protected regions in the promoter of the rRNA genes of Xenopus laevis. Mol Cell Biol (1985) 1.06
Structural determinant of the species-specific transcription of the mouse rRNA gene promoter. Mol Cell Biol (1989) 1.03
Ribosomal gene promoter domains can function as artificial enhancers of RNA polymerase I transcription, supporting a promoter origin for natural enhancers in Xenopus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 0.99
Precise assignment of the heavy-strand promoter of mouse mitochondrial DNA: cognate start sites are not required for transcriptional initiation. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 0.99
Effect of intercalating agents on RNA polymerase I promoter selection in Xenopus laevis. Mol Cell Biol (1984) 0.98
Identification of primary transcriptional start sites of mouse mitochondrial DNA: accurate in vitro initiation of both heavy- and light-strand transcripts. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 0.97
In vivo transcription from multiple spacer rRNA gene promoters during early development and evolution of the intergenic spacer in the brine shrimp Artemia. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 0.97
The mouse ribosomal DNA promoter has more stringent requirements in vivo than in vitro. Mol Cell Biol (1990) 0.95
Mouse and frog violate the paradigm of species-specific transcription of ribosomal RNA genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 0.93
Stimulation of the mouse rRNA gene promoter by a distal spacer promoter. Mol Cell Biol (1995) 0.93
Structural analysis of the short length ribosomal DNA variant from Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska. Nucleic Acids Res (1990) 0.90
Localization of the in vivo and in vitro transcription initiation site and comparative analysis of the flanking sequences in the two main size classes of Ascaris lumbricoides rDNA. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 0.83
In vitro methylation of HpaII sites in Xenopus laevis rDNA does not affect its transcription in oocytes. Nucleic Acids Res (1984) 0.82
Point mutation analysis of the Xenopus laevis RNA polymerase I core promoter. Nucleic Acids Res (1990) 0.79
Upstream activation of ribosomal RNA biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem J (1985) 0.77
The nucleotide sequence of the initiation and termination sites for ribosomal RNA transcription in X. laevis. Cell (1979) 11.64
Analysis of C14-labeled proteins by disc electrophoresis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1965) 11.32
High level transient expression of a chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene by DEAE-dextran mediated DNA transfection coupled with a dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol shock treatment. Nucleic Acids Res (1984) 10.40
The U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein functions in the first step of preribosomal RNA processing. Cell (1990) 5.39
Transcription of mouse rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I: in vitro and in vivo initiation and processing sites. Cell (1981) 4.97
The organization of histones and DNA in chromatin: evidence for an arginine-rich histone kernel. Cell (1976) 4.31
A comparison of the digestion of nuclei and chromatin by staphylococcal nuclease. Biochemistry (1975) 3.52
Transcription of cloned eukaryotic ribosomal RNA genes. Annu Rev Biochem (1986) 3.30
Specific sites of interaction between histones and DNA in chromatin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 3.25
Composition and structure of chromosomal and amplified ribosomal DNA's of Xenopus laevis. J Mol Biol (1970) 2.99
Purification of a functional enzymatic editing complex from Trypanosoma brucei mitochondria. EMBO J (1997) 2.94
Enhancer-like properties of the 60/81 bp elements in the ribosomal gene spacer of Xenopus laevis. Cell (1984) 2.93
Spacer regulation of Xenopus ribosomal gene transcription: competition in oocytes. Cell (1983) 2.85
Variants of the TATA-binding protein can distinguish subsets of RNA polymerase I, II, and III promoters. Cell (1992) 2.76
The molecular basis for length heterogeneity in ribosomal DNA from Xenopus laevis. J Mol Biol (1976) 2.75
Characterization of three sites of RNA 3' end formation in the Xenopus ribosomal gene spacer. Cell (1986) 2.68
A termination site for Xenopus RNA polymerase I also acts as an element of an adjacent promoter. Cell (1986) 2.52
DNAase I, DNAase II and staphylococcal nuclease cut at different, yet symmetrically located, sites in the nucleosome core. Cell (1978) 2.48
Amplified ribosomal DNA from Xenopus laevis has heterogeneous spacer lengths. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1974) 2.42
A transcriptional terminator is a novel element of the promoter of the mouse ribosomal RNA gene. Cell (1986) 2.42
RNA editing involves indiscriminate U changes throughout precisely defined editing domains. Cell (1990) 2.40
Restriction analysis of the nontranscribed spacers of Xenopus laevis ribosomal DNA. Cell (1977) 2.40
Enhancers and ribosomal gene spacers. Cell (1984) 2.39
Trypanosome U-deletional RNA editing involves guide RNA-directed endonuclease cleavage, terminal U exonuclease, and RNA ligase activities. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 2.34
Molecular mechanisms governing species-specific transcription of ribosomal RNA. Cell (1989) 2.29
Primary processing of mammalian rRNA involves two adjacent cleavages and is not species specific. Mol Cell Biol (1987) 2.28
Chromatin structure as probed by nucleases and proteases: evidence for the central role of histones H3 and H4. Cell (1976) 2.24
A complex control region of the mouse rRNA gene directs accurate initiation by RNA polymerase I. Mol Cell Biol (1985) 2.24
Genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of congenital dislocation of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res (1968) 2.18
Transcription of mouse rDNA is regulated by an activated subform of RNA polymerase I. Cell (1987) 2.18
The Xenopus ribosomal gene enhancers bind an essential polymerase I transcription factor, xUBF. Genes Dev (1989) 2.11
Congenital hip dislocation: an increasing and still uncontrolled disability? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) (1982) 2.09
The two RNA ligases of the Trypanosoma brucei RNA editing complex: cloning the essential band IV gene and identifying the band V gene. Mol Cell Biol (2001) 2.05
Spacer sequences regulate transcription of ribosomal gene plasmids injected into Xenopus embryos. Cell (1983) 2.05
Factors and nucleotide sequences that direct ribosomal DNA transcription and their relationship to the stable transcription complex. Mol Cell Biol (1986) 2.04
Ribosomal RNA synthesis in isolated nuclei. J Mol Biol (1972) 2.03
A model for transcription termination by RNA polymerase I. Cell (1994) 2.00
Mapping of transcription initiation and termination signals on Xenopus laevis ribosomal DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 1.99
Sites of transcription initiation in vivo on Xenopus laevis ribosomal DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1977) 1.95
The REB1 site is an essential component of a terminator for RNA polymerase I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol (1993) 1.87
xUBF and Rib 1 are both required for formation of a stable polymerase I promoter complex in X. laevis. EMBO J (1991) 1.86
Topoisomerases and yeast rRNA transcription: negative supercoiling stimulates initiation and topoisomerase activity is required for elongation. Genes Dev (1992) 1.84
Specificity of RNA maturation pathways: RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III are not substrates for splicing or polyadenylation. Mol Cell Biol (1987) 1.83
The terminal balls characteristic of eukaryotic rRNA transcription units in chromatin spreads are rRNA processing complexes. Genes Dev (1993) 1.81
T. brucei RNA editing: adenosine nucleotides inversely affect U-deletion and U-insertion reactions at mRNA cleavage. Mol Cell (1998) 1.78
RNA polymerase I transcription factor Rrn3 is functionally conserved between yeast and human. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 1.78
Specific initiation by RNA polymerase I in a whole-cell extract from yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.77
Stable integrative transformation of Trypanosoma brucei that occurs exclusively by homologous recombination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.75
Mechanisms of nucleolar dominance in animals and plants. J Cell Biol (1985) 1.74
Preferential transcription of Xenopus laevis ribosomal RNA in interspecies hybrids between Xenopus laevis and Xenopus mulleri. J Mol Biol (1973) 1.73
Trypanosome RNA editing: simple guide RNA features enhance U deletion 100-fold. Mol Cell Biol (2001) 1.72
xUBF contains a novel dimerization domain essential for RNA polymerase I transcription. Genes Dev (1991) 1.70
Roles for ligases in the RNA editing complex of Trypanosoma brucei: band IV is needed for U-deletion and RNA repair. EMBO J (2001) 1.70
Pancreatic DNAase cleavage sites in nuclei. Cell (1977) 1.69
Isolation of ribosomal gene chromatin. Dev Biol (1977) 1.64
A stable transcription complex directs mouse ribosomal RNA synthesis by RNA polymerase I. Nucleic Acids Res (1983) 1.63
Specific cleavage of pre-edited mRNAs in trypanosome mitochondrial extracts. Mol Cell Biol (1992) 1.63
The mechanism of nucleolar dominance in Xenopus hybrids. Cell (1984) 1.61
Enhancers for RNA polymerase I in mouse ribosomal DNA. Mol Cell Biol (1990) 1.58
A U3 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-requiring processing event in the 5' external transcribed spacer of Xenopus precursor rRNA. Mol Cell Biol (1993) 1.57
Transcription of Xenopus ribosomal RNA genes by RNA polymerase I in vitro. J Biol Chem (1982) 1.56
The first pre-rRNA-processing event occurs in a large complex: analysis by gel retardation, sedimentation, and UV cross-linking. Mol Cell Biol (1990) 1.51
Nucleotide sequence determining the first cleavage site in the processing of mouse precursor rRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 1.51
A novel 66-kilodalton protein complexes with Rrn6, Rrn7, and TATA-binding protein to promote polymerase I transcription initiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol (1996) 1.50
An RNA polymerase I termination site can stimulate the adjacent ribosomal gene promoter by two distinct mechanisms in Xenopus laevis. Genes Dev (1990) 1.50
The promoter-proximal rDNA terminator augments initiation by preventing disruption of the stable transcription complex caused by polymerase read-in. Genes Dev (1989) 1.50
Chronic lumbosciatic syndrome treated by epidural injection and manipulation. Practitioner (1972) 1.49
Arrangement of length heterogeneity in repeating units of amplified and chromosomal ribosomal DNA from Xenopus laevis. J Mol Biol (1976) 1.49
Resolution of the RNA editing gRNA-directed endonuclease from two other endonucleases of Trypanosoma brucei mitochondria. RNA (1997) 1.45
Transcription of the ribosomal RNA genes of an amphibian by the RNA polymerase of a bacterium. J Mol Biol (1970) 1.42
rUBF, an RNA polymerase I transcription factor from rats, produces DNase I footprints identical to those produced by xUBF, its homolog from frogs. Mol Cell Biol (1990) 1.41
5'ETS rRNA processing facilitated by four small RNAs: U14, E3, U17, and U3. RNA (1996) 1.41
A rapidly rearranging retrotransposon within the miniexon gene locus of Crithidia fasciculata. Mol Cell Biol (1990) 1.41
Alkaline chemical burn to the face requiring full-thickness skin grafting. Ann Emerg Med (1988) 1.39
Effect of topological constraint on transcription of ribosomal DNA in Xenopus oocytes. Comparison of plasmid and endogenous genes. J Mol Biol (1984) 1.38
Factor C*, the specific initiation component of the mouse RNA polymerase I holoenzyme, is inactivated early in the transcription process. Mol Cell Biol (1994) 1.36
Half helical turn spacing changes convert a frog into a mouse rDNA promoter: a distant upstream domain determines the helix face of the initiation site. Genes Dev (1990) 1.36
Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial guide RNA-mRNA chimera-forming activity cofractionates with an editing-domain-specific endonuclease and RNA ligase and is mimicked by heterologous nuclease and RNA ligase. Mol Cell Biol (1995) 1.36
Trypanosoma brucei U insertion and U deletion activities co-purify with an enzymatic editing complex but are differentially optimized. Nucleic Acids Res (1998) 1.34
RNA polymerase specificity of mRNA production and enhancer action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1986) 1.33
Nucleosome structure, DNA folding, and gene activity. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol (1978) 1.32
Patterns of ribosomal DNA spacer lengths are inherited. J Mol Biol (1976) 1.32
Polymerase III transcription factor B activity is reduced in extracts of growth-restricted cells. Mol Cell Biol (1988) 1.29
Analysis of nucleolar transcription and processing domains and pre-rRNA movements by in situ hybridization. Chromosoma (1997) 1.29
Transcription of chromatin by bacterial RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol (1973) 1.28
In vitro definition of the yeast RNA polymerase I promoter. Nucleic Acids Res (1992) 1.28
New model for the yeast RNA polymerase I transcription cycle. Mol Cell Biol (2001) 1.27
Linker scanner mutagenesis of the Xenopus laevis ribosomal gene promoter. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 1.26
A DNA-binding protein is required for termination of transcription by RNA polymerase I in Xenopus laevis. Mol Cell Biol (1990) 1.26
xUBF, an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, binds crossover DNA with low sequence specificity. Mol Cell Biol (1994) 1.26
Accurate transcription of cloned Xenopus rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I: demonstration by S1 nuclease mapping. Nucleic Acids Res (1982) 1.24
DNA synthesis in a multi-enzyme system from Xenopus laevis eggs. Cell (1978) 1.23
Initiation of ribosomal RNA chains in homogenates of oocyte nuclei. J Biol Chem (1980) 1.21
Editing domains of Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial RNAs identified by secondary structure. Mol Cell Biol (1995) 1.21
The 5' leads to 3' polarity of the Xenopus Ribosomal RNA precursor molecule. Cell (1976) 1.20