Induction of direct antimicrobial activity through mammalian toll-like receptors.

PubWeight™: 4.46‹?› | Rank: Top 1%

🔗 View Article (PMID 11222859)

Published in Science on February 23, 2001

Authors

S Thoma-Uszynski1, S Stenger, O Takeuchi, M T Ochoa, M Engele, P A Sieling, P F Barnes, M Rollinghoff, P L Bolcskei, M Wagner, S Akira, M V Norgard, J T Belisle, P J Godowski, B R Bloom, R L Modlin

Author Affiliations

1: Division of Dermatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Articles citing this

(truncated to the top 100)

Monocyte-mediated defense against microbial pathogens. Annu Rev Immunol (2008) 7.21

Animal models of acute lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol (2008) 6.10

Acute infection and macrophage subversion by Mycobacterium tuberculosis require a specialized secretion system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 4.64

Toll-like receptor-induced arginase 1 in macrophages thwarts effective immunity against intracellular pathogens. Nat Immunol (2008) 4.31

A Mal functional variant is associated with protection against invasive pneumococcal disease, bacteremia, malaria and tuberculosis. Nat Genet (2007) 4.23

Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis and molecular determinants of virulence. Clin Microbiol Rev (2003) 4.14

Reprogramming of the macrophage transcriptome in response to interferon-gamma and Mycobacterium tuberculosis: signaling roles of nitric oxide synthase-2 and phagocyte oxidase. J Exp Med (2001) 3.75

Non mycobacterial virulence genes in the genome of the emerging pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus. PLoS One (2009) 3.53

Pathogen-host interactions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (2005) 3.52

TLR9 regulates Th1 responses and cooperates with TLR2 in mediating optimal resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Exp Med (2005) 3.44

Vitamin D is required for IFN-gamma-mediated antimicrobial activity of human macrophages. Sci Transl Med (2011) 3.27

A soluble form of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 modulates the inflammatory response in murine sepsis. J Exp Med (2004) 2.80

Innate immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Microbiol Rev (2002) 2.79

Fatal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection despite adaptive immune response in the absence of MyD88. J Clin Invest (2004) 2.65

TLR activation triggers the rapid differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and dendritic cells. Nat Med (2005) 2.62

Toll-like receptors induce a phagocytic gene program through p38. J Exp Med (2003) 2.49

Regulation of antigen presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a role for Toll-like receptors. Nat Rev Microbiol (2010) 2.37

Toll-like receptor 2-deficient mice succumb to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Am J Pathol (2004) 2.27

Convergence of IL-1beta and VDR activation pathways in human TLR2/1-induced antimicrobial responses. PLoS One (2009) 2.14

Activation of toll-like receptor 2 in acne triggers inflammatory cytokine responses. J Immunol (2002) 2.14

Anti-TNF immunotherapy reduces CD8+ T cell-mediated antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. J Clin Invest (2009) 2.12

Innate immune recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Dev Immunol (2011) 1.90

MyD88-deficient mice display a profound loss in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with partially impaired Th1 cytokine and nitric oxide synthase 2 expression. Infect Immun (2004) 1.89

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, macrophages, and the innate immune response: does common variation matter? Immunol Rev (2007) 1.88

Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression and TLR-mediated cytokine/chemokine production by human uterine epithelial cells. Immunology (2004) 1.87

IL-15 links TLR2/1-induced macrophage differentiation to the vitamin D-dependent antimicrobial pathway. J Immunol (2008) 1.79

Protection from lethal septic peritonitis by neutralizing the biological function of interleukin 27. J Exp Med (2006) 1.78

Vitamin D signaling, infectious diseases, and regulation of innate immunity. Infect Immun (2008) 1.77

Prolonged toll-like receptor signaling by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its 19-kilodalton lipoprotein inhibits gamma interferon-induced regulation of selected genes in macrophages. Infect Immun (2004) 1.75

Host innate immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Immunol (2007) 1.61

Toll-like receptor ligands synergize through distinct dendritic cell pathways to induce T cell responses: implications for vaccines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008) 1.51

Human airway epithelial cells sense Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection via recognition of flagellin by Toll-like receptor 5. Infect Immun (2005) 1.51

Diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mannosylated cell wall determinants impacts adaptation to the host. Tuberculosis (Edinb) (2010) 1.50

Vitamin D and the intracrinology of innate immunity. Mol Cell Endocrinol (2010) 1.50

MyD88 plays a critical T cell-intrinsic role in supporting CD8 T cell expansion during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. J Immunol (2008) 1.45

Drug targets in mycobacterial sulfur metabolism. Infect Disord Drug Targets (2007) 1.45

Regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene expression by mycobacteria involves the assembly of a unique enhanceosome dependent on the coactivator proteins CBP/p300. Mol Cell Biol (2003) 1.42

T-cell cytokines differentially control human monocyte antimicrobial responses by regulating vitamin D metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.42

Differential roles of Toll-like receptors in the elicitation of proinflammatory responses by macrophages. Ann Rheum Dis (2001) 1.42

West Nile Virus: biology, transmission, and human infection. Clin Microbiol Rev (2012) 1.38

Toll-like receptor 4-defective C3H/HeJ mice are not more susceptible than other C3H substrains to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun (2003) 1.34

Immunological control of tuberculosis: role of tumour necrosis factor and more. Ann Rheum Dis (2005) 1.31

Baculovirus-derived human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virus-like particles activate dendritic cells and induce ex vivo T-cell responses. J Virol (2006) 1.29

MicroRNA-155 promotes autophagy to eliminate intracellular mycobacteria by targeting Rheb. PLoS Pathog (2013) 1.29

Toll-like receptor 2 is expressed by alveolar epithelial cells type II and macrophages in the human lung. Histochem Cell Biol (2003) 1.29

CXCL5-secreting pulmonary epithelial cells drive destructive neutrophilic inflammation in tuberculosis. J Clin Invest (2014) 1.24

Identification and functional characterization of chicken toll-like receptor 5 reveals a fundamental role in the biology of infection with Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. Infect Immun (2005) 1.24

Human TOLLIP regulates TLR2 and TLR4 signaling and its polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. J Immunol (2012) 1.21

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 2-deficient mice control infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun (2007) 1.21

Innate immunity and its regulation by mast cells. J Immunol (2013) 1.19

Expression of Toll-like receptor 2 on human Schwann cells: a mechanism of nerve damage in leprosy. Infect Immun (2003) 1.18

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis recombinant 27-kilodalton lipoprotein induces a strong Th1-type immune response deleterious to protection. Infect Immun (2003) 1.18

Differential production of cytokines, reactive oxygen and nitrogen by bovine macrophages and dendritic cells stimulated with Toll-like receptor agonists. Immunology (2004) 1.17

Glial connexins and gap junctions in CNS inflammation and disease. J Neurochem (2008) 1.17

The role of toll-like receptors in systemic lupus erythematosus. Springer Semin Immunopathol (2006) 1.16

Importance of TLR2 in early innate immune response to acute pulmonary infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis in mice. J Immunol (2008) 1.16

Parasite-specific immunomodulatory functions of filarial cystatin. Infect Immun (2003) 1.14

Genetic regulation of vesiculogenesis and immunomodulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2013) 1.13

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and TLR2 agonists inhibit induction of type I IFN and class I MHC antigen cross processing by TLR9. J Immunol (2010) 1.13

The innate immune response in leprosy. Curr Opin Immunol (2010) 1.12

Differences in expression of toll-like receptors and their reactivities in dendritic cells in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Infect Immun (2002) 1.12

Differential role of MyD88 in macrophage-mediated responses to opportunistic fungal pathogens. Infect Immun (2003) 1.11

Human immunodeficiency virus and leishmaniasis. J Glob Infect Dis (2010) 1.09

Matrilysin-dependent elastolysis by human macrophages. J Exp Med (2003) 1.08

Aggregating phenotype in Lactobacillus crispatus determines intestinal colonization and TLR2 and TLR4 modulation in murine colonic mucosa. Clin Vaccine Immunol (2007) 1.08

Proteomic analysis of and immune responses to Ehrlichia chaffeensis lipoproteins. Infect Immun (2008) 1.07

Long-term control of Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection in the absence of Toll-like receptors (TLRs): investigation of TLR2-, TLR6-, or TLR2-TLR4-deficient mice. Infect Immun (2004) 1.06

Regulation of MyD88-dependent signaling events by S nitrosylation retards toll-like receptor signal transduction and initiation of acute-phase immune responses. Mol Cell Biol (2007) 1.06

Proteomic profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis identifies nutrient-starvation-responsive toxin-antitoxin systems. Mol Cell Proteomics (2013) 1.05

CD14+ monocytes are vulnerable and functionally impaired under endoplasmic reticulum stress in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes (2009) 1.05

Qualitatively distinct patterns of cytokines are released by human dendritic cells in response to different pathogens. Immunology (2005) 1.04

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection and Inflammation: what is Beneficial for the Host and for the Bacterium? Front Microbiol (2011) 1.04

Diagnostic implications of antigen-induced gamma interferon, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor alpha production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol (2003) 1.04

Infections in patients with inherited defects in phagocytic function. Clin Microbiol Rev (2003) 1.02

Importance of phagosomal functionality for growth restriction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in primary human macrophages. J Innate Immun (2011) 1.01

Suppression of the NF-κB pathway by diesel exhaust particles impairs human antimycobacterial immunity. J Immunol (2012) 1.01

Effect of deletion or overexpression of the 19-kilodalton lipoprotein Rv3763 on the innate response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun (2005) 1.01

Microarray analysis reveals induction of lipoprotein genes in mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa: implications for inflammation in cystic fibrosis. Infect Immun (2004) 1.00

RP105 facilitates macrophage activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins. Cell Host Microbe (2009) 1.00

CD40 ligand and interferon-γ induce an antimicrobial response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human monocytes. Immunology (2013) 0.99

Toll-like receptors in skin infections and inflammatory diseases. Infect Disord Drug Targets (2008) 0.99

Early clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a new frontier in prevention. Immunology (2014) 0.98

The Human Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 as a Potential Treatment for Polymicrobial Infected Wounds. Front Immunol (2013) 0.97

The physiological regulation of toll-like receptor expression and function in humans. J Physiol (2005) 0.97

Molecular characterization and subcellular localization of macrophage infectivity potentiator, a Chlamydia trachomatis lipoprotein. J Bacteriol (2007) 0.97

Host defense and recruitment of Foxp3⁺ T regulatory cells to the lungs in chronic Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection requires toll-like receptor 2. PLoS Pathog (2013) 0.96

Critical role of IRF-5 in the development of T helper 1 responses to Leishmania donovani infection. PLoS Pathog (2011) 0.96

P2X(7) receptor and macrophage function. Purinergic Signal (2009) 0.96

MprAB regulates the espA operon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and modulates ESX-1 function and host cytokine response. J Bacteriol (2012) 0.96

Selective inhibition of IFNG-induced autophagy by Mir155- and Mir31-responsive WNT5A and SHH signaling. Autophagy (2013) 0.96

Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoprotein-induced association of TLR2 with protein kinase C zeta in lipid rafts contributes to reactive oxygen species-dependent inflammatory signalling in macrophages. Cell Microbiol (2008) 0.96

Activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase regulation of transcription factors Ets and NF-kappaB in Mycobacterium-infected macrophages and role of these factors in tumor necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide synthase 2 promoter function. Infect Immun (2005) 0.96

Modulation of Mycobacterium bovis-specific responses of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Clin Diagn Lab Immunol (2001) 0.95

Innate immunity: ignored for decades, but not forgotten. J Invest Dermatol (2011) 0.95

miR-24, miR-30b, and miR-142-3p regulate phagocytosis in myeloid inflammatory cells. J Immunol (2015) 0.94

Beyond macrophages: the diversity of mononuclear cells in tuberculosis. Immunol Rev (2014) 0.93

A novel pathway for inducible nitric-oxide synthase activation through inflammasomes. J Biol Chem (2010) 0.93

Innate Immune Defenses in Human Tuberculosis: An Overview of the Interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Innate Immune Cells. J Immunol Res (2015) 0.92

microRNA-146a promotes mycobacterial survival in macrophages through suppressing nitric oxide production. Sci Rep (2016) 0.92

The role of TLR4 in photoreceptor {alpha}a crystallin upregulation during early experimental autoimmune uveitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci (2010) 0.92

Articles by these authors

A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA. Nature (2000) 26.34

An essential role for interferon gamma in resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J Exp Med (1993) 18.56

Targeted disruption of the MyD88 gene results in loss of IL-1- and IL-18-mediated function. Immunity (1998) 18.12

Differential roles of TLR2 and TLR4 in recognition of gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial cell wall components. Immunity (1999) 17.40

Cutting edge: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient mice are hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide: evidence for TLR4 as the Lps gene product. J Immunol (1999) 16.86

The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5. Nature (2001) 14.24

Mechanism of a reaction in vitro associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity. Science (1966) 13.12

Transmission of tuberculosis in New York City. An analysis by DNA fingerprinting and conventional epidemiologic methods. N Engl J Med (1994) 13.11

Unresponsiveness of MyD88-deficient mice to endotoxin. Immunity (1999) 11.64

The domain-specific probe EUB338 is insufficient for the detection of all Bacteria: development and evaluation of a more comprehensive probe set. Syst Appl Microbiol (1999) 11.01

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is required in the protective immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mice. Immunity (1995) 10.65

Killing of virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis by reactive nitrogen intermediates produced by activated murine macrophages. J Exp Med (1992) 10.08

TLR signaling. Cell Death Differ (2006) 9.24

Defining protective responses to pathogens: cytokine profiles in leprosy lesions. Science (1991) 8.85

Host defense mechanisms triggered by microbial lipoproteins through toll-like receptors. Science (1999) 8.63

Enhanced Th1 activity and development of chronic enterocolitis in mice devoid of Stat3 in macrophages and neutrophils. Immunity (1999) 7.90

Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T cells are required for resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 7.74

Toll-like receptors control activation of adaptive immune responses. Nat Immunol (2001) 7.54

Genetic systems for mycobacteria. Methods Enzymol (1991) 7.50

Dissection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens using recombinant DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 7.46

Targeted disruption of the mouse Stat3 gene leads to early embryonic lethality. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 7.08

Cutting edge: bacterial flagellin activates basolaterally expressed TLR5 to induce epithelial proinflammatory gene expression. J Immunol (2001) 6.62

Cutting edge: TLR2-deficient and MyD88-deficient mice are highly susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus infection. J Immunol (2000) 6.61

Essential role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling. Nature (1996) 6.56

Genes for the major protein antigens of the leprosy parasite Mycobacterium leprae. Nature (1985) 6.54

Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling. Nature (1998) 6.49

In situ probing of gram-positive bacteria with high DNA G + C content using 23S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides. Microbiology (1994) 6.36

Differing lymphokine profiles of functional subsets of human CD4 and CD8 T cell clones. Science (1991) 6.12

Structure and function of a new STAT-induced STAT inhibitor. Nature (1997) 6.02

Discrimination of bacterial lipoproteins by Toll-like receptor 6. Int Immunol (2001) 5.36

Lipopolysaccharide stimulates the MyD88-independent pathway and results in activation of IFN-regulatory factor 3 and the expression of a subset of lipopolysaccharide-inducible genes. J Immunol (2001) 5.27

Rapid assessment of drug susceptibilities of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by means of luciferase reporter phages. Science (1993) 5.20

Biological and clinical aspects of interleukin 6. Immunol Today (1990) 5.17

Factors affecting the transformation of Escherichia coli strain chi1776 by pBR322 plasmid DNA. Gene (1978) 5.15

Cytokine signal transduction. Cell (1994) 5.14

Phylogeny of all recognized species of ammonia oxidizers based on comparative 16S rRNA and amoA sequence analysis: implications for molecular diversity surveys. Appl Environ Microbiol (2000) 5.12

Construction and characterization of a recombinant plasmid encoding the gene for the thymidine kinase of Herpes simplex type 1 virus. Gene (1979) 5.09

Natural and synthetic non-peptide antigens recognized by human gamma delta T cells. Nature (1995) 5.04

CD1-restricted T cell recognition of microbial lipoglycan antigens. Science (1995) 5.03

Human TLR9 confers responsiveness to bacterial DNA via species-specific CpG motif recognition. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 5.02

An antimicrobial activity of cytolytic T cells mediated by granulysin. Science (1998) 5.02

Lysogeny and transformation in mycobacteria: stable expression of foreign genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 4.90

Combination of fluorescent in situ hybridization and microautoradiography-a new tool for structure-function analyses in microbial ecology. Appl Environ Microbiol (1999) 4.77

Burden of disease--implications for future research. JAMA (2001) 4.75

Stat3 activation is responsible for IL-6-dependent T cell proliferation through preventing apoptosis: generation and characterization of T cell-specific Stat3-deficient mice. J Immunol (1998) 4.74

Defective NK cell activity and Th1 response in IL-18-deficient mice. Immunity (1998) 4.70

Genetic complementation of a glucocorticoid receptor deficiency by expression of cloned receptor cDNA. Cell (1986) 4.66

Lymphocytes bearing antigen-specific gamma delta T-cell receptors accumulate in human infectious disease lesions. Nature (1989) 4.61

Phylogenetic probes for analyzing abundance and spatial organization of nitrifying bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol (1996) 4.59

Reactions in vivo and in vitro produced by a soluble substance associated with delayed-type hypersensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1968) 4.57

Interleukin-6 family of cytokines and gp130. Blood (1995) 4.52

Defective adipocyte differentiation in mice lacking the C/EBPbeta and/or C/EBPdelta gene. EMBO J (1997) 4.51

Selective primary health care: strategies for control of disease in the developing world. V. Leprosy. Rev Infect Dis (1983) 4.40

Targeted disruption of the NF-IL6 gene discloses its essential role in bacteria killing and tumor cytotoxicity by macrophages. Cell (1995) 4.34

Effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on murine infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Infect Immun (1995) 4.28

Combined molecular and conventional analyses of nitrifying bacterium diversity in activated sludge: Nitrosococcus mobilis and Nitrospira-like bacteria as dominant populations. Appl Environ Microbiol (1998) 4.23

Transcription factors NF-IL6 and NF-kappa B synergistically activate transcription of the inflammatory cytokines, interleukin 6 and interleukin 8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 4.23

Genomewide association for schizophrenia in the CATIE study: results of stage 1. Mol Psychiatry (2008) 4.14

Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism. Nat Immunol (2001) 4.13

Immunogenic integral membrane proteins of Borrelia burgdorferi are lipoproteins. Infect Immun (1990) 4.10

Cutting edge: endotoxin tolerance in mouse peritoneal macrophages correlates with down-regulation of surface toll-like receptor 4 expression. J Immunol (2000) 4.10

The CD1 system: antigen-presenting molecules for T cell recognition of lipids and glycolipids. Annu Rev Immunol (1999) 4.10

Cloning and mutagenesis of the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome. J Virol (2000) 4.09

IgG1 plasmacytosis in interleukin 6 transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 4.03

Relationship of the manifestations of tuberculosis to CD4 cell counts in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am Rev Respir Dis (1993) 4.01

Possible peptide chain termination mutants in thymide kinase gene of a mammalian virus, herpes simplex virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1975) 4.00

Toll-like receptor 2-mediated NF-kappa B activation requires a Rac1-dependent pathway. Nat Immunol (2000) 3.96

Mice deficient in CD4 T cells have only transiently diminished levels of IFN-gamma, yet succumb to tuberculosis. J Immunol (1999) 3.96

Linkage mapping of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (RP1) to the pericentric region of human chromosome 8. Genomics (1991) 3.93

Transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity. A critical review and experimental study in the guinea pig. Prog Allergy (1967) 3.86

Local production of tumor necrosis factor and IFN-gamma in tuberculous pleuritis. J Immunol (1990) 3.85

Limb and skin abnormalities in mice lacking IKKalpha. Science (1999) 3.85

Introduction of foreign DNA into mycobacteria using a shuttle phasmid. Nature (1987) 3.83

Pathogenesis of tuberculosis: interaction of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with macrophages. Infect Immun (1993) 3.80

An integrated map of the genome of the tubercle bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, and comparison with Mycobacterium leprae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 3.78

Choosing caesarean section. Lancet (2000) 3.67

Conditionally replicating mycobacteriophages: a system for transposon delivery to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 3.67

Sum1 and Hst1 repress middle sporulation-specific gene expression during mitosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. EMBO J (1999) 3.65

Expression of Borrelia burgdorferi OspC and DbpA is controlled by a RpoN-RpoS regulatory pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 3.65

Phosphorylation at threonine-235 by a ras-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade is essential for transcription factor NF-IL6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 3.59

In vivo growth characteristics of leucine and methionine auxotrophic mutants of Mycobacterium bovis BCG generated by transposon mutagenesis. Infect Immun (1995) 3.56

IL-12 up-regulates IL-18 receptor expression on T cells, Th1 cells, and B cells: synergism with IL-18 for IFN-gamma production. J Immunol (1998) 3.56

Interleukin-6 and its receptor: a paradigm for cytokines. Science (1992) 3.51

Human T-cell clones recognize a major M. leprae protein antigen expressed in E. coli. Nature (1986) 3.51

Nitric oxide-induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 3.49

In vitro approaches to the mechanism of cell-mediated immune reactions. Adv Immunol (1971) 3.49

Characterization of the multigene family encoding the mouse S16 ribosomal protein: strategy for distinguishing an expressed gene from its processed pseudogene counterparts by an analysis of total genomic DNA. Mol Cell Biol (1985) 3.48

Tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med (1999) 3.45

Glucocorticoid receptor mutants that are constitutive activators of transcriptional enhancement. Nature (1987) 3.42