Published in N Engl J Med on November 30, 1989
Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 6.96
Characterization of the hepatitis C virus-encoded serine proteinase: determination of proteinase-dependent polyprotein cleavage sites. J Virol (1993) 6.36
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) circulates as a population of different but closely related genomes: quasispecies nature of HCV genome distribution. J Virol (1992) 6.09
Formation and intracellular localization of hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein complexes expressed by recombinant vaccinia and Sindbis viruses. J Virol (1994) 4.21
Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees after antibody-mediated in vitro neutralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 3.56
Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA by a combined reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay. J Clin Microbiol (1993) 3.34
New hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping system that allows for identification of HCV genotypes 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4, 5a, and 6a. J Clin Microbiol (1997) 2.78
Rapid reverse transcription-PCR detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in serum by using the TaqMan fluorogenic detection system. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 2.72
Hepatitis C virus structural proteins assemble into viruslike particles in insect cells. J Virol (1998) 2.71
Understanding the hepatitis C virus life cycle paves the way for highly effective therapies. Nat Med (2013) 2.63
Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognize epitopes in the core and envelope proteins of HCV. J Virol (1993) 2.57
Clinical significance of intrahepatic hepatitis C virus levels in patients with chronic HCV infection. Gut (1998) 2.45
Mapping of serotype-specific, immunodominant epitopes in the NS-4 region of hepatitis C virus (HCV): use of type-specific peptides to serologically differentiate infections with HCV types 1, 2, and 3. J Clin Microbiol (1993) 2.36
Diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection using an immunodominant chimeric polyprotein to capture circulating antibodies: reevaluation of the role of HCV in liver disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 2.18
Functional role of hepatitis C virus chimeric glycoproteins in the infectivity of pseudotyped virus. J Virol (1998) 2.09
A comparison of the molecular clock of hepatitis C virus in the United States and Japan predicts that hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the United States will increase over the next two decades. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 2.02
Hepatitis C virus core protein cooperates with ras and transforms primary rat embryo fibroblasts to tumorigenic phenotype. J Virol (1996) 2.02
Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. Sex Transm Infect (1998) 1.95
Use of a signature nucleotide sequence of hepatitis C virus for detection of viral RNA in human serum and plasma. J Clin Microbiol (1991) 1.87
Binding of hepatitis C virus-like particles derived from infectious clone H77C to defined human cell lines. J Virol (2002) 1.84
Improved serodiagnosis of hepatitis C virus infection with synthetic peptide antigen from capsid protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.81
Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus: cohort study (1981-9) among European homosexual men. BMJ (1990) 1.81
Determination of hepatitis C virus genotype by direct sequence analysis of products generated with the Amplicor HCV test. J Clin Microbiol (1999) 1.80
Specific detection of hepatitis C virus minus strand RNA in hematopoietic cells. J Clin Invest (1996) 1.79
Hepatitis C virus genotyping: interrogation of the 5' untranslated region cannot accurately distinguish genotypes 1a and 1b. J Clin Microbiol (2002) 1.78
Effects of anticoagulants and storage of blood samples on efficacy of the polymerase chain reaction assay for hepatitis C virus. J Clin Microbiol (1992) 1.73
Hepatitis C virus core protein inhibits Fas- and tumor necrosis factor alpha-mediated apoptosis via NF-kappaB activation. J Virol (1999) 1.72
Clinical guidelines on the management of hepatitis C. Gut (2001) 1.72
Detection, semiquantitation, and genetic variation in hepatitis C virus sequences amplified from the plasma of blood donors with elevated alanine aminotransferase. J Clin Invest (1990) 1.70
An epitope in hepatitis C virus core region recognized by cytotoxic T cells in mice and humans. J Virol (1994) 1.68
Preclinical evaluation of AMPLICOR hepatitis C virus test for detection of hepatitis C virus RNA. J Clin Microbiol (1995) 1.63
The history of the "natural history" of hepatitis C (1968-2009). Liver Int (2009) 1.63
Validity of The Health Improvement Network (THIN) for epidemiologic studies of hepatitis C virus infection. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf (2009) 1.61
Hepatitis C: a review for primary care physicians. CMAJ (2006) 1.60
The hazards of blood transfusion in historical perspective. Blood (2008) 1.54
Analysis of hepatitis C virus-inoculated chimpanzees reveals unexpected clinical profiles. J Virol (1998) 1.48
The burden of hepatitis C virus infection is growing: a Canadian population-based study of hospitalizations from 1994 to 2004. Can J Gastroenterol (2008) 1.46
Highly sensitive multiplex assay for detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis C virus RNA. J Clin Microbiol (2002) 1.46
Novel therapies for hepatitis C - one pill fits all? Nat Rev Drug Discov (2013) 1.43
Hepatitis C testing. Comparison of Ortho's EIA and RIBA II tests in 1,182 patients undergoing primary liver transplantation. Am J Clin Pathol (1992) 1.42
Hepatitis C: progress and problems. Clin Microbiol Rev (1994) 1.37
Modulation of retinoid signaling by a cytoplasmic viral protein via sequestration of Sp110b, a potent transcriptional corepressor of retinoic acid receptor, from the nucleus. Mol Cell Biol (2003) 1.37
Serodiagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with an HCV core protein molecularly expressed by a recombinant baculovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.36
Dynamic behavior of hepatitis C virus quasispecies in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. J Virol (1994) 1.31
Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus and its relation with hepatitis B virus and HIV. BMJ (1990) 1.30
Occurrence of antibodies reactive with more than one variant of the putative envelope glycoprotein (gp70) hypervariable region 1 in viremic hepatitis C virus-infected patients. J Virol (1995) 1.28
Effect of interaction between hepatitis C virus NS5A and NS5B on hepatitis C virus RNA replication with the hepatitis C virus replicon. J Virol (2004) 1.26
Detection of hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid in the serum by amplification with polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Invest (1990) 1.26
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) specific immune responses in anti-HCV positive patients without hepatitis C viraemia. Gut (1999) 1.26
Mapping B-cell epitopes of hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein using human monoclonal antibodies from phage display libraries. J Virol (2001) 1.19
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among medical waste handlers at Gondar town Health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes (2012) 1.19
Hepatitis C: the end of the beginning and possibly the beginning of the end. Ann Intern Med (2012) 1.18
Identification of an immunodominant epitope within the capsid protein of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 1.18
Detection of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in U.S. blood donors. J Clin Microbiol (1991) 1.17
High prevalence of serum antibodies to hepatitis C virus in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. BMJ (1994) 1.16
Sialadenitis histologically resembling Sjogren syndrome in mice transgenic for hepatitis C virus envelope genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 1.15
A novel recombinant single-chain hepatitis C virus NS3-NS4A protein with improved helicase activity. Protein Sci (1999) 1.15
Hepatitis C virus core protein interacts with 14-3-3 protein and activates the kinase Raf-1. J Virol (2000) 1.14
Induction of cytotoxic T cells to a cross-reactive epitope in the hepatitis C virus nonstructural RNA polymerase-like protein. J Virol (1992) 1.14
The history of tumor virology. Cancer Res (2008) 1.14
Genetic heterogeneity of hypervariable region 1 of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome and sensitivity of HCV to alpha interferon therapy. J Virol (2000) 1.14
Managing occupational risks for hepatitis C transmission in the health care setting. Clin Microbiol Rev (2003) 1.13
Evolution of hypervariable region 1 of hepatitis C virus in primary infection. J Virol (1998) 1.13
Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of hepatitis C virus gene expression in transformed hepatocytes. J Virol (1996) 1.13
Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection. A case-control study of blood donors in the Trent Region (UK). Epidemiol Infect (1994) 1.13
Quantitation of hepatitis C virus genome molecules in plasma samples. J Clin Microbiol (1994) 1.12
Hepatitis C virus infection among short-term intravenous drug users in southern Taiwan. Eur J Epidemiol (1999) 1.11
Primary hepatocytes of Tupaia belangeri as a potential model for hepatitis C virus infection. J Clin Invest (2002) 1.11
Virus-specific cofactor requirement and chimeric hepatitis C virus/GB virus B nonstructural protein 3. J Virol (2000) 1.10
Nonstructural protein 5A of hepatitis C virus inhibits the function of karyopherin beta3. J Virol (2000) 1.09
Immune responses to plasmid DNA encoding the hepatitis C virus core protein. J Virol (1995) 1.08
Heat-shock protein 90 is essential for stabilization of the hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein NS3. J Biol Chem (2009) 1.08
Peptide immunogen mimicry of putative E1 glycoprotein-specific epitopes in hepatitis C virus. J Virol (1994) 1.07
Complement-mediated enhancement of antibody function for neutralization of pseudotype virus containing hepatitis C virus E2 chimeric glycoprotein. J Virol (2002) 1.06
NS3-4A of hepatitis C virus is a chymotrypsin-like protease. J Virol (1995) 1.06
Interaction of immune sera with synthetic peptides corresponding to the structural protein region of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 1.05
The dynamic nature of the four-way junction of the hepatitis C virus IRES. RNA (2003) 1.05
Heterosexual transmission of hepatitis C virus in family groups without risk factors. BMJ (1992) 1.05
Incidence, prevalence, and clinical course of hepatitis C following liver transplantation. Gastroenterology (1992) 1.04
Serological markers of posttransfusion hepatitis C viral infection. J Clin Microbiol (1992) 1.04
DNA-based immunization with chimeric vectors for the induction of immune responses against the hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid. J Virol (1995) 1.03
Management of chronic hepatitis C. Postgrad Med J (2005) 1.03
Regional distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in the Republic of Korea, 2007-2011. Gut Liver (2014) 1.03
Active hepatitis C virus infection in bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with mixed cryoglobulinaemia. Clin Exp Immunol (1994) 1.02
Coexpression of hepatitis C virus E1 and E2 chimeric envelope glycoproteins displays separable ligand sensitivity and increases pseudotype infectious titer. J Virol (2004) 1.02
Clinical characterization of a competitive PCR assay for quantitative testing of hepatitis C virus. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 1.01
Comprehensive analysis of the effects of ordinary nutrients on hepatitis C virus RNA replication in cell culture. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2007) 1.01
Generation and characterization of a hepatitis C virus NS3 protease-dependent bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Virol (2000) 0.99
New antiviral agents for hepatitis C. F1000 Biol Rep (2012) 0.98
Hepatitis C virus in the new era: perspectives in epidemiology, prevention, diagnostics and predictors of response to therapy. World J Gastroenterol (2014) 0.98
Hepatitis C virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Gastroenterol (2002) 0.97
Use of recombinant protein to identify a motif-negative human cytotoxic T-cell epitope presented by HLA-A2 in the hepatitis C virus NS3 region. J Virol (1996) 0.97
Roles of the AX(4)GKS and arginine-rich motifs of hepatitis C virus RNA helicase in ATP- and viral RNA-binding activity. J Virol (2000) 0.97
Viral replication in patients with concomitant hepatitis B and C virus infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis (1997) 0.97
Detection of replicative hepatitis C virus sequences in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Pathol (1992) 0.95
HCV-RNA positivity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic HCV infection: does it really mean viral replication? World J Gastroenterol (2001) 0.95
Plant-based vaccines against viruses. Virol J (2014) 0.95
Isolation of a cDNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A, non-B viral hepatitis genome. Science (1989) 37.89
An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis. Science (1989) 18.79
Binding of hepatitis C virus to CD81. Science (1998) 12.40
DNA polymerase associated with human hepatitis B antigen. J Virol (1973) 10.71
Hepatitis C virus shares amino acid sequence similarity with pestiviruses and flaviviruses as well as members of two plant virus supergroups. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 8.92
Detection of hepatitis C viral sequences in non-A, non-B hepatitis. Lancet (1990) 8.56
Structure, sequence and expression of the hepatitis delta (delta) viral genome. Nature (1986) 7.38
Molecular biology of the hepatitis C viruses: implications for diagnosis, development and control of viral disease. Hepatology (1991) 7.33
Characterization of the terminal regions of hepatitis C viral RNA: identification of conserved sequences in the 5' untranslated region and poly(A) tails at the 3' end. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 7.13
Analysis of a successful immune response against hepatitis C virus. Immunity (1999) 6.31
A colour test for the measurement of antibody to certain mycoplasma species based upon the inhibition of acid production. J Hyg (Lond) (1966) 6.23
Transcripts from a single full-length cDNA clone of hepatitis C virus are infectious when directly transfected into the liver of a chimpanzee. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 6.09
A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 6.07
Protective effect of antibody to parainfluenza type 1 virus. N Engl J Med (1966) 5.97
Color test for the measurement of antibody to T-strain mycoplasmas. J Bacteriol (1966) 5.61
Molecular cloning and disease association of hepatitis G virus: a transfusion-transmissible agent. Science (1996) 5.55
Genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus: quasispecies and genotypes. Semin Liver Dis (1995) 5.53
Nucleotide sequence and mutation rate of the H strain of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 5.51
The outcome of acute hepatitis C predicted by the evolution of the viral quasispecies. Science (2000) 5.49
delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1980) 5.12
An African primate lentivirus (SIVsm) closely related to HIV-2. Nature (1989) 5.03
Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees by hyperimmune serum against the hypervariable region 1 of the envelope 2 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 4.82
A long-term study of hepatitis C virus replication in non-A, non-B hepatitis. N Engl J Med (1991) 4.79
A virus discovery method incorporating DNase treatment and its application to the identification of two bovine parvovirus species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 4.62
Complete nucleotide sequence of wild-type hepatitis A virus: comparison with different strains of hepatitis A virus and other picornaviruses. J Virol (1987) 4.49
Variable and hypervariable domains are found in the regions of HCV corresponding to the flavivirus envelope and NS1 proteins and the pestivirus envelope glycoproteins. Virology (1991) 4.47
Interrelationship of blood transfusion, non-A, non-B hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis by detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Hepatology (1990) 4.43
A cDNA fragment of hepatitis C virus isolated from an implicated donor of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis in Japan. Nucleic Acids Res (1989) 4.29
Transmission of the hepatitis B virus-associated delta antigen to chimpanzees. J Infect Dis (1980) 4.28
Hepatitis C in hospital employees with needlestick injuries. Ann Intern Med (1991) 4.24
Hepatitis C virus: the major causative agent of viral non-A, non-B hepatitis. Br Med Bull (1990) 4.16
Non-A, non-B hepatitis in chimpanzees and marmosets. J Infect Dis (1981) 4.15
Equilibrium centrifugation studies of hepatitis C virus: evidence for circulating immune complexes. J Virol (1993) 4.13
Different clinical behaviors of acute hepatitis C virus infection are associated with different vigor of the anti-viral cell-mediated immune response. J Clin Invest (1996) 4.10
Hepatitis C virus: an infectious molecular clone of a second major genotype (2a) and lack of viability of intertypic 1a and 2a chimeras. Virology (1999) 4.04
Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries. J Clin Microbiol (2002) 3.83
Vaccination of chimpanzees against infection by the hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 3.76
Genetic and experimental evidence for cross-species infection by swine hepatitis E virus. J Virol (1998) 3.73
Sequence analysis of the 5' noncoding region of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 3.72
Detection of serum hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis using the polymerase chain reaction assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 3.67
Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees after antibody-mediated in vitro neutralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 3.56
Evidence for in vitro replication of hepatitis C virus genome in a human T-cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 3.55
A microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay for hepatitis A antigen and antibody. J Immunol (1976) 3.53
The outcome of hepatitis C virus infection is predicted by escape mutations in epitopes targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Immunity (2001) 3.52
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to hepatitis C virus-derived peptides containing the HLA A2.1 binding motif. J Clin Invest (1995) 3.47
Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Italian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Lancet (1989) 3.42
Expression of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen gene in cell culture by using a simian virus 40 vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1981) 3.38
At least 12 genotypes of hepatitis C virus predicted by sequence analysis of the putative E1 gene of isolates collected worldwide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 3.37
Transfusion-associated hepatitis not due to viral hepatitis type A or B. N Engl J Med (1975) 3.31
Epidemic and endemic hepatitis in India: evidence for a non-A, non-B hepatitis virus aetiology. Lancet (1980) 3.31
Australia antigen: large-scale purification from human serum and biochemical studies of its proteins. J Virol (1971) 3.28
A quantitative test to estimate neutralizing antibodies to the hepatitis C virus: cytofluorimetric assessment of envelope glycoprotein 2 binding to target cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 3.25
Persistent hepatitis C virus infection in a chimpanzee is associated with emergence of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape variant. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 3.20
Expression, identification and subcellular localization of the proteins encoded by the hepatitis C viral genome. J Gen Virol (1993) 3.18
Propagation of human hepatitis A virus in African green monkey kidney cell culture: primary isolation and serial passage. Infect Immun (1981) 3.18
The incidence of transfusion-associated hepatitis G virus infection and its relation to liver disease. N Engl J Med (1997) 3.13
Intrahepatic cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for hepatitis C virus in persons with chronic hepatitis. J Immunol (1992) 3.13
Neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis C virus and the emergence of neutralization escape mutant viruses. J Virol (1994) 3.06
ELISA for antibody to hepatitis E virus (HEV) based on complete open-reading frame-2 protein expressed in insect cells: identification of HEV infection in primates. J Infect Dis (1993) 3.06
Live recombinant vaccinia virus protects chimpanzees against hepatitis B. Nature (1984) 3.03
A human parvovirus-like virus inhibits haematopoietic colony formation in vitro. Nature (1983) 3.02
Risk for non-A, non-B (type C) hepatitis through sexual or household contact with chronic carriers. Ann Intern Med (1990) 2.99
A single antigenomic open reading frame of the hepatitis delta virus encodes the epitope(s) of both hepatitis delta antigen polypeptides p24 delta and p27 delta. J Virol (1988) 2.99
Frequency of antibody to hepatitis-associated antigen as measured by a new radioimmunoassay technique. J Immunol (1971) 2.98
Microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay for hepatitis B antigen. Appl Microbiol (1973) 2.96
Molecular cloning and characterization of hepatitis A virus cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 2.92
Transmission of the hepatitis B virus-associated delta agent to the eastern woodchuck. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1984) 2.87
The woodchuck hepatitis virus X gene is important for establishment of virus infection in woodchucks. J Virol (1993) 2.84
Hepatitis A virus cDNA and its RNA transcripts are infectious in cell culture. J Virol (1987) 2.83
Sequence analysis of the core gene of 14 hepatitis C virus genotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 2.83
Delta hepatitis agent: structural and antigenic properties of the delta-associated particle. Infect Immun (1984) 2.81
A color test for the measurement of antibody to the non-acid-forming human Mycoplasma species. Am J Epidemiol (1966) 2.81
Routes of infection, viremia, and liver disease in blood donors found to have hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med (1996) 2.79
Transmissible agent in non-A, non-B hepatitis. Lancet (1978) 2.78