Transcripts from a single full-length cDNA clone of hepatitis C virus are infectious when directly transfected into the liver of a chimpanzee.

PubWeight™: 6.09‹?› | Rank: Top 1%

🔗 View Article (PMC 23104)

Published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A on August 05, 1997

Authors

M Yanagi1, R H Purcell, S U Emerson, J Bukh

Author Affiliations

1: Hepatitis Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Articles citing this

(truncated to the top 100)

Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome. Nat Med (2005) 21.56

Robust hepatitis C virus infection in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 14.78

Mutations in hepatitis C virus RNAs conferring cell culture adaptation. J Virol (2001) 6.37

Selectable subgenomic and genome-length dicistronic RNAs derived from an infectious molecular clone of the HCV-N strain of hepatitis C virus replicate efficiently in cultured Huh7 cells. J Virol (2002) 5.81

Hepatitis C virus-encoded enzymatic activities and conserved RNA elements in the 3' nontranslated region are essential for virus replication in vivo. J Virol (2000) 5.26

Production of infectious genotype 1a hepatitis C virus (Hutchinson strain) in cultured human hepatoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 4.54

Viral and cellular determinants of hepatitis C virus RNA replication in cell culture. J Virol (2003) 4.52

Cell culture-grown hepatitis C virus is infectious in vivo and can be recultured in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 3.69

Mutations that permit efficient replication of hepatitis C virus RNA in Huh-7 cells prevent productive replication in chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2002) 3.43

In vitro assay for neutralizing antibody to hepatitis C virus: evidence for broadly conserved neutralization epitopes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 3.40

Intramembrane proteolysis promotes trafficking of hepatitis C virus core protein to lipid droplets. EMBO J (2002) 3.33

Monoclonal antibody AP33 defines a broadly neutralizing epitope on the hepatitis C virus E2 envelope glycoprotein. J Virol (2005) 2.85

Adaptive mutations producing efficient replication of genotype 1a hepatitis C virus RNA in normal Huh7 cells. J Virol (2004) 2.76

Hepatitis C virus lacking the hypervariable region 1 of the second envelope protein is infectious and causes acute resolving or persistent infection in chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 2.70

De novo initiation of RNA synthesis by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) of hepatitis C virus. J Virol (2000) 2.65

Understanding the hepatitis C virus life cycle paves the way for highly effective therapies. Nat Med (2013) 2.63

Identification of hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitors. J Virol (2010) 2.58

In vivo analysis of the 3' untranslated region of the hepatitis C virus after in vitro mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 2.56

Identification of conserved residues in the E2 envelope glycoprotein of the hepatitis C virus that are critical for CD81 binding. J Virol (2006) 2.55

Analysis of antigenicity and topology of E2 glycoprotein present on recombinant hepatitis C virus-like particles. J Virol (2002) 2.53

Evidence for cross-genotype neutralization of hepatitis C virus pseudo-particles and enhancement of infectivity by apolipoprotein C1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 2.42

Topology of the membrane-associated hepatitis C virus protein NS4B. J Virol (2003) 2.37

Robust production of infectious hepatitis C virus (HCV) from stably HCV cDNA-transfected human hepatoma cells. J Virol (2005) 2.33

The GB viruses: a review and proposed classification of GBV-A, GBV-C (HGV), and GBV-D in genus Pegivirus within the family Flaviviridae. J Gen Virol (2010) 2.26

Evidence for a new hepatitis C virus antigen encoded in an overlapping reading frame. RNA (2001) 2.17

NS5A, a nonstructural protein of hepatitis C virus, binds growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 adaptor protein in a Src homology 3 domain/ligand-dependent manner and perturbs mitogenic signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 2.03

Synthesis of a novel hepatitis C virus protein by ribosomal frameshift. EMBO J (2001) 2.03

Chimpanzees as an animal model for human norovirus infection and vaccine development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2010) 1.96

Kinetics of CD4+ and CD8+ memory T-cell responses during hepatitis C virus rechallenge of previously recovered chimpanzees. J Virol (2003) 1.93

The p7 polypeptide of hepatitis C virus is critical for infectivity and contains functionally important genotype-specific sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.93

The clearance of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees may not necessarily correlate with the appearance of acquired immunity. J Virol (2003) 1.90

CD81 is dispensable for hepatitis C virus cell-to-cell transmission in hepatoma cells. J Gen Virol (2009) 1.87

An in vitro model of hepatitis C virion production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2005) 1.86

Human VAP-B is involved in hepatitis C virus replication through interaction with NS5A and NS5B. J Virol (2005) 1.86

Generation of infectious hepatitis C virus in immortalized human hepatocytes. J Virol (2006) 1.86

Regulation of the hepatitis C virus RNA replicase by endogenous lipid peroxidation. Nat Med (2014) 1.86

Binding of hepatitis C virus-like particles derived from infectious clone H77C to defined human cell lines. J Virol (2002) 1.84

Development of JFH1-based cell culture systems for hepatitis C virus genotype 4a and evidence for cross-genotype neutralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2008) 1.82

MicroRNA-122 antagonism against hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-6 and reduced efficacy by host RNA insertion or mutations in the HCV 5' UTR. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 1.78

The hepatitis C virus NS3 protein: a model RNA helicase and potential drug target. Curr Issues Mol Biol (2007) 1.76

Reduction of hepatitis C virus NS5A hyperphosphorylation by selective inhibition of cellular kinases activates viral RNA replication in cell culture. J Virol (2004) 1.71

The ins and outs of hepatitis C virus entry and assembly. Nat Rev Microbiol (2013) 1.69

Hepatitis C virus epitope-specific neutralizing antibodies in Igs prepared from human plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2007) 1.66

Interaction of hepatitis C virus core protein with viral sense RNA and suppression of its translation. J Virol (1999) 1.63

The nonstructural protein 3 protease/helicase requires an intact protease domain to unwind duplex RNA efficiently. J Biol Chem (2003) 1.61

Alternative approaches for efficient inhibition of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by small interfering RNAs. J Virol (2004) 1.61

Novel infectious cDNA clones of hepatitis C virus genotype 3a (strain S52) and 4a (strain ED43): genetic analyses and in vivo pathogenesis studies. J Virol (2010) 1.55

Recombinant hepatitis E virus genomes infectious for primates: importance of capping and discovery of a cis-reactive element. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 1.54

Viral RNA mutations are region specific and increased by ribavirin in a full-length hepatitis C virus replication system. J Virol (2002) 1.52

HCV/ HIV co-infection: time to re-evaluate the role of HIV in the liver? J Viral Hepat (2008) 1.45

Identification of determinants involved in initiation of hepatitis C virus RNA synthesis by using intergenotypic replicase chimeras. J Virol (2007) 1.44

Replication studies using genotype 1a subgenomic hepatitis C virus replicons. J Virol (2003) 1.42

HCV induces oxidative and ER stress, and sensitizes infected cells to apoptosis in SCID/Alb-uPA mice. PLoS Pathog (2009) 1.40

Hepatitis C virus E2-CD81 interaction induces hypermutation of the immunoglobulin gene in B cells. J Virol (2005) 1.40

The hepatitis C virus 3'-untranslated region or a poly(A) tract promote efficient translation subsequent to the initiation phase. Nucleic Acids Res (2006) 1.38

Two novel conserved motifs in the hepatitis C virus NS3 protein critical for helicase action. J Biol Chem (2003) 1.34

Previously infected chimpanzees are not consistently protected against reinfection or persistent infection after reexposure to the identical hepatitis C virus strain. J Virol (2008) 1.33

Molecular determinants for subcellular localization of hepatitis C virus core protein. J Virol (2005) 1.31

Hepatitis C virus NS3 ATPases/helicases from different genotypes exhibit variations in enzymatic properties. J Virol (2003) 1.31

Requirement of cellular DDX3 for hepatitis C virus replication is unrelated to its interaction with the viral core protein. J Gen Virol (2009) 1.30

Full-length GB virus C (Hepatitis G virus) RNA transcripts are infectious in primary CD4-positive T cells. J Virol (2000) 1.29

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus-like particle binding to target cells by antiviral antibodies in acute and chronic hepatitis C. J Virol (2004) 1.29

Hepatitis C virus 3'X region interacts with human ribosomal proteins. J Virol (2001) 1.29

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins induce NADPH oxidase 4 expression in a transforming growth factor beta-dependent manner: a new contributor to HCV-induced oxidative stress. J Virol (2009) 1.27

Protease inhibitors as antiviral agents. Clin Microbiol Rev (1998) 1.25

Development of a primary tamarin hepatocyte culture system for GB virus-B: a surrogate model for hepatitis C virus. J Virol (2000) 1.24

Challenge pools of hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-6 prototype strains: replication fitness and pathogenicity in chimpanzees and human liver-chimeric mouse models. J Infect Dis (2010) 1.21

Intrahepatic genetic inoculation of hepatitis C virus RNA confers cross-protective immunity. J Virol (2001) 1.17

Pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection in Tupaia belangeri. J Virol (2010) 1.17

Resistance analysis of the hepatitis C virus NS3 protease inhibitor asunaprevir. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2012) 1.16

The NS3 helicase and NS5B-to-3'X regions are important for efficient hepatitis C virus strain JFH-1 replication in Huh7 cells. J Virol (2007) 1.16

Specific interaction of hepatitis C virus protease/helicase NS3 with the 3'-terminal sequences of viral positive- and negative-strand RNA. J Virol (2001) 1.15

Further insights into the roles of GTP and the C terminus of the hepatitis C virus polymerase in the initiation of RNA synthesis. J Biol Chem (2010) 1.14

Scavenger receptor class B type I and hepatitis C virus infection of primary tupaia hepatocytes. J Virol (2005) 1.14

Hepatitis C virus NS5A-mediated activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase results in stabilization of cellular beta-catenin and stimulation of beta-catenin-responsive transcription. J Virol (2005) 1.13

Mutation Master: profiles of substitutions in hepatitis C virus RNA of the core, alternate reading frame, and NS2 coding regions. RNA (2002) 1.13

Chronic hepatitis associated with GB virus B persistence in a tamarin after intrahepatic inoculation of synthetic viral RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2003) 1.11

Primary hepatocytes of Tupaia belangeri as a potential model for hepatitis C virus infection. J Clin Invest (2002) 1.11

Virus-specific cofactor requirement and chimeric hepatitis C virus/GB virus B nonstructural protein 3. J Virol (2000) 1.10

In vivo study of the HC-TN strain of hepatitis C virus recovered from a patient with fulminant hepatitis: RNA transcripts of a molecular clone (pHC-TN) are infectious in chimpanzees but not in Huh7.5 cells. J Virol (2007) 1.08

Hepatitis C virus replication is directly inhibited by IFN-alpha in a full-length binary expression system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 1.07

Triple decoding of hepatitis C virus RNA by programmed translational frameshifting. Mol Cell Biol (2003) 1.07

Robust full-length hepatitis C virus genotype 2a and 2b infectious cultures using mutations identified by a systematic approach applicable to patient strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2012) 1.07

In vivo analysis of the 3' untranslated region of GB virus B after in vitro mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone: persistent infection in a transfected tamarin. J Virol (2004) 1.07

Surveying the global virome: identification and characterization of HCV-related animal hepaciviruses. Antiviral Res (2014) 1.06

Efficient culture adaptation of hepatitis C virus recombinants with genotype-specific core-NS2 by using previously identified mutations. J Virol (2010) 1.06

Antisense oligonucleotides targeted to the domain IIId of the hepatitis C virus IRES compete with 40S ribosomal subunit binding and prevent in vitro translation. Nucleic Acids Res (2003) 1.06

Electrostatic analysis of the hepatitis C virus NS3 helicase reveals both active and allosteric site locations. Nucleic Acids Res (2004) 1.03

Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-induced immunoglobulin hypermutation reduces the affinity and neutralizing activities of antibodies against HCV envelope protein. J Virol (2008) 1.03

A small yeast RNA blocks hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site (HCV IRES)-mediated translation and inhibits replication of a chimeric poliovirus under translational control of the HCV IRES element. J Virol (1998) 1.01

Functional analyses of GB virus B p13 protein: development of a recombinant GB virus B hepatitis virus with a p7 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2006) 1.01

Helicase inhibitors as specifically targeted antiviral therapy for hepatitis C. Future Virol (2009) 1.01

Effects of mutagenic and chain-terminating nucleotide analogs on enzymes isolated from hepatitis C virus strains of various genotypes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother (2008) 1.00

Recovery of infectious rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus from rabbits after direct inoculation with in vitro-transcribed RNA. J Virol (2006) 0.99

Functionally conserved architecture of hepatitis C virus RNA genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2015) 0.96

Novel cell culture-adapted genotype 2a hepatitis C virus infectious clone. J Virol (2012) 0.96

How Escherichia coli can bias the results of molecular cloning: preferential selection of defective genomes of hepatitis C virus during the cloning procedure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 0.95

Cloning and expression of core gene cDNA of Chinese hepatitis C virus in cosmid pTM3. World J Gastroenterol (2000) 0.95

Hepatitis C homolog in dogs with respiratory illness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2011) 0.94

Identification of a novel sequence at the 3' end of the GB virus B genome. J Virol (1999) 0.93

Articles cited by this

Characterization of the terminal regions of hepatitis C viral RNA: identification of conserved sequences in the 5' untranslated region and poly(A) tails at the 3' end. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 7.13

Genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus: quasispecies and genotypes. Semin Liver Dis (1995) 5.53

Nucleotide sequence and mutation rate of the H strain of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 5.51

Full-length sequence of a hepatitis C virus genome having poor homology to reported isolates: comparative study of four distinct genotypes. Virology (1992) 5.16

Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees by hyperimmune serum against the hypervariable region 1 of the envelope 2 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 4.82

Identification of a highly conserved sequence element at the 3' terminus of hepatitis C virus genome RNA. J Virol (1996) 4.59

Transcription of infectious yellow fever RNA from full-length cDNA templates produced by in vitro ligation. New Biol (1989) 4.46

Non-A, non-B hepatitis in chimpanzees and marmosets. J Infect Dis (1981) 4.15

Subgenomic replicons of the flavivirus Kunjin: construction and applications. J Virol (1997) 3.92

Evidence for in vitro replication of hepatitis C virus genome in a human T-cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 3.55

Structure of the 3' terminus of the hepatitis C virus genome. J Virol (1996) 3.40

Genomic structure of the human prototype strain H of hepatitis C virus: comparison with American and Japanese isolates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 3.34

Dengue type 4 virus mutants containing deletions in the 3' noncoding region of the RNA genome: analysis of growth restriction in cell culture and altered viremia pattern and immunogenicity in rhesus monkeys. J Virol (1996) 3.14

Infectious RNA transcribed from stably cloned full-length cDNA of dengue type 4 virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 2.97

Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the West. Semin Liver Dis (1995) 2.77

A novel sequence found at the 3' terminus of hepatitis C virus genome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1995) 2.58

Completion of Kunjin virus RNA sequence and recovery of an infectious RNA transcribed from stably cloned full-length cDNA. J Virol (1994) 2.43

Importance of primer selection for the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA with the polymerase chain reaction assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 2.30

Recovery of cytopathogenic and noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea viruses from cDNA constructs. J Virol (1996) 2.13

Early events in hepatitis C virus infection of chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 2.04

Genetic organization and diversity of the 3' noncoding region of the hepatitis C virus genome. Virology (1996) 2.04

Infectious Japanese encephalitis virus RNA can be synthesized from in vitro-ligated cDNA templates. J Virol (1992) 1.82

Nucleotide sequence of classical swine fever virus strain Alfort/187 and transcription of infectious RNA from stably cloned full-length cDNA. J Virol (1996) 1.81

Infectious cDNA clones of tick-borne encephalitis virus European subtype prototypic strain Neudoerfl and high virulence strain Hypr. J Gen Virol (1997) 1.79

Classical swine fever virus: recovery of infectious viruses from cDNA constructs and generation of recombinant cytopathogenic defective interfering particles. J Virol (1996) 1.74

Infectious RNA transcribed from an engineered full-length cDNA template of the genome of a pestivirus. J Virol (1996) 1.73

Transfection of a differentiated human hepatoma cell line (Huh7) with in vitro-transcribed hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and establishment of a long-term culture persistently infected with HCV. J Virol (1995) 1.70

Hepatitis C virus-encoded NS2-3 protease: cleavage-site mutagenesis and requirements for bimolecular cleavage. J Virol (1995) 1.49

Authentic and chimeric full-length genomic cDNA clones of bovine viral diarrhea virus that yield infectious transcripts. J Virol (1997) 1.45

Therapy of hepatitis C. Semin Liver Dis (1995) 1.42

Five new or recently discovered (GBV-A) virus species are indigenous to New World monkeys and may constitute a separate genus of the Flaviviridae. Virology (1997) 1.33

cDNA clone of hepatitis A virus encoding a virulent virus: induction of viral hepatitis by direct nucleic acid transfection of marmosets. J Virol (1992) 1.33

Long PCR and its application to hepatitis viruses: amplification of hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C virus genomes. J Clin Microbiol (1996) 1.32

Group specific sequences and conserved secondary structures at the 3' end of HCV genome and its implication for viral replication. Nucleic Acids Res (1992) 1.31

Amplification of the full-length hepatitis A virus genome by long reverse transcription-PCR and transcription of infectious RNA directly from the amplicon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 1.24

Contamination of commercially available fetal bovine sera with bovine viral diarrhea virus genomes: implications for the study of hepatitis C virus in cell cultures. J Infect Dis (1996) 1.17

Articles by these authors

An assay for circulating antibodies to a major etiologic virus of human non-A, non-B hepatitis. Science (1989) 18.79

DNA polymerase associated with human hepatitis B antigen. J Virol (1973) 10.71

Hepatitis C virus shares amino acid sequence similarity with pestiviruses and flaviviruses as well as members of two plant virus supergroups. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 8.92

Detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus in prospectively followed transfusion recipients with acute and chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. N Engl J Med (1989) 8.10

A colour test for the measurement of antibody to certain mycoplasma species based upon the inhibition of acid production. J Hyg (Lond) (1966) 6.23

A novel virus in swine is closely related to the human hepatitis E virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1997) 6.07

Both NS and L proteins are required for in vitro RNA synthesis by vesicular stomatitis virus. J Virol (1975) 5.99

Protective effect of antibody to parainfluenza type 1 virus. N Engl J Med (1966) 5.97

Dissociation and reconstitution of the transcriptase and template activities of vesicular stomatitis B and T virions. J Virol (1972) 5.93

Color test for the measurement of antibody to T-strain mycoplasmas. J Bacteriol (1966) 5.61

Genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis C virus: quasispecies and genotypes. Semin Liver Dis (1995) 5.53

Nucleotide sequence and mutation rate of the H strain of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1991) 5.51

The outcome of acute hepatitis C predicted by the evolution of the viral quasispecies. Science (2000) 5.49

delta Agent: association of delta antigen with hepatitis B surface antigen and RNA in serum of delta-infected chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1980) 5.12

An African primate lentivirus (SIVsm) closely related to HIV-2. Nature (1989) 5.03

Hepatitis E: an emerging awareness of an old disease. J Hepatol (2008) 4.84

Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees by hyperimmune serum against the hypervariable region 1 of the envelope 2 protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 4.82

A long-term study of hepatitis C virus replication in non-A, non-B hepatitis. N Engl J Med (1991) 4.79

A virus discovery method incorporating DNase treatment and its application to the identification of two bovine parvovirus species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2001) 4.62

Complete nucleotide sequence of wild-type hepatitis A virus: comparison with different strains of hepatitis A virus and other picornaviruses. J Virol (1987) 4.49

Interrelationship of blood transfusion, non-A, non-B hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis by detection of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Hepatology (1990) 4.43

Transmission of the hepatitis B virus-associated delta antigen to chimpanzees. J Infect Dis (1980) 4.28

Hepatitis C in hospital employees with needlestick injuries. Ann Intern Med (1991) 4.24

Non-A, non-B hepatitis in chimpanzees and marmosets. J Infect Dis (1981) 4.15

Equilibrium centrifugation studies of hepatitis C virus: evidence for circulating immune complexes. J Virol (1993) 4.13

Hepatitis C virus: an infectious molecular clone of a second major genotype (2a) and lack of viability of intertypic 1a and 2a chimeras. Virology (1999) 4.04

The glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus is the antigen that gives rise to and reacts with neutralizing antibody. J Virol (1972) 4.04

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis E virus in veterinarians working with swine and in normal blood donors in the United States and other countries. J Clin Microbiol (2002) 3.83

Classification, nomenclature, and database development for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and related viruses: proposals for standardization. International Committee on Virus Taxonomy. Arch Virol (1998) 3.77

Genetic and experimental evidence for cross-species infection by swine hepatitis E virus. J Virol (1998) 3.73

Sequence analysis of the 5' noncoding region of hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 3.72

Detection of serum hepatitis B virus DNA in patients with chronic hepatitis using the polymerase chain reaction assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 3.67

Prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees after antibody-mediated in vitro neutralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 3.56

Evidence for in vitro replication of hepatitis C virus genome in a human T-cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 3.55

A microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay for hepatitis A antigen and antibody. J Immunol (1976) 3.53

At least 12 genotypes of hepatitis C virus predicted by sequence analysis of the putative E1 gene of isolates collected worldwide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1993) 3.37

Transfusion-associated hepatitis not due to viral hepatitis type A or B. N Engl J Med (1975) 3.31

Epidemic and endemic hepatitis in India: evidence for a non-A, non-B hepatitis virus aetiology. Lancet (1980) 3.31

Australia antigen: large-scale purification from human serum and biochemical studies of its proteins. J Virol (1971) 3.28

L protein requirement for in vitro RNA synthesis by vesicular stomatitis virus. J Virol (1973) 3.26

Propagation of human hepatitis A virus in African green monkey kidney cell culture: primary isolation and serial passage. Infect Immun (1981) 3.18

Neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis C virus and the emergence of neutralization escape mutant viruses. J Virol (1994) 3.06

ELISA for antibody to hepatitis E virus (HEV) based on complete open-reading frame-2 protein expressed in insect cells: identification of HEV infection in primates. J Infect Dis (1993) 3.06

Bacterial flagella: polarity of elongation. Science (1970) 3.05

Live recombinant vaccinia virus protects chimpanzees against hepatitis B. Nature (1984) 3.03

A human parvovirus-like virus inhibits haematopoietic colony formation in vitro. Nature (1983) 3.02

Genetic epidemiology of hepatitis C virus throughout egypt. J Infect Dis (2000) 3.01

Frequency of antibody to hepatitis-associated antigen as measured by a new radioimmunoassay technique. J Immunol (1971) 2.98

Microtiter solid-phase radioimmunoassay for hepatitis B antigen. Appl Microbiol (1973) 2.96

Molecular cloning and characterization of hepatitis A virus cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 2.92

Transmission of the hepatitis B virus-associated delta agent to the eastern woodchuck. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1984) 2.87

The woodchuck hepatitis virus X gene is important for establishment of virus infection in woodchucks. J Virol (1993) 2.84

Hepatitis A virus cDNA and its RNA transcripts are infectious in cell culture. J Virol (1987) 2.83

Sequence analysis of the core gene of 14 hepatitis C virus genotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 2.83

Delta hepatitis agent: structural and antigenic properties of the delta-associated particle. Infect Immun (1984) 2.81

A color test for the measurement of antibody to the non-acid-forming human Mycoplasma species. Am J Epidemiol (1966) 2.81

Transmissible agent in non-A, non-B hepatitis. Lancet (1978) 2.78

Non-A, non-B hepatitis: ultrastructural evidence for two agents in experimentally infected chimpanzees. Science (1979) 2.78

Reconstitution studies detect a single polymerase entry site on the vesicular stomatitis virus genome. Cell (1982) 2.77

Transcripts of a chimeric cDNA clone of hepatitis C virus genotype 1b are infectious in vivo. Virology (1998) 2.76

Delineation of a CpG phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide for activating primate immune responses in vitro and in vivo. J Immunol (2000) 2.73

Hepatitis C virus lacking the hypervariable region 1 of the second envelope protein is infectious and causes acute resolving or persistent infection in chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (2000) 2.70

Compact organization of the hepatitis B virus genome. Hepatology (1989) 2.70

Determining the size of non-A, non-B hepatitis virus by filtration. J Infect Dis (1987) 2.68

Type B hepatitis: the infectivity of blood positive for e antigen and DNA polymerase after accidental needlestick exposure. N Engl J Med (1976) 2.67

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of hepatitis A antigen in stool and antibody to hepatitis A antigen in sera: comparison with solid-phase radioimmunoassay, immune electron microscopy, and immune adherence hemagglutination assay. J Clin Microbiol (1978) 2.64

Characterization of a prototype strain of hepatitis E virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 2.64

Age-specific prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A and E viruses in Pune, India, 1982 and 1992. J Infect Dis (1995) 2.63

A complement-fixation test for measuring Australia antigen and antibody. J Infect Dis (1969) 2.58

In vivo analysis of the 3' untranslated region of the hepatitis C virus after in vitro mutagenesis of an infectious cDNA clone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1999) 2.56

Complete nucleotide sequence of an attenuated hepatitis A virus: comparison with wild-type virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 2.56

Transmission of hepatitis A to patients with hemophilia by factor VIII concentrates treated with organic solvent and detergent to inactivate viruses. The Italian Collaborative Group. Ann Intern Med (1994) 2.55

Seroreactivity to hepatitis E virus in areas where the disease is not endemic. J Clin Microbiol (1997) 2.48

Hepatitis B virus produced by transfected Hep G2 cells causes hepatitis in chimpanzees. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 2.46

Biophysical properties of Australia antigen. J Virol (1969) 2.45

Hepatitis C virus: detection of intracellular virus particles by electron microscopy. Hepatology (1996) 2.44

Experimental infection of chimpanzees with hepatitis A virus. J Infect Dis (1975) 2.41

Clinical and serological analysis of transfusion-associated hepatitis. Lancet (1975) 2.41

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C in emergency department patients. N Engl J Med (1992) 2.39

Comparative pathogenesis of infection of pigs with hepatitis E viruses recovered from a pig and a human. J Clin Microbiol (2001) 2.38

Importance of primer selection for the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA with the polymerase chain reaction assay. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 2.30

Incidence and significance of antibodies to delta antigen in hepatitis B virus infection. Lancet (1979) 2.29