Published in Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A on May 01, 1991
A novel type of class I gene organization in vertebrates: a large family of non-MHC-linked class I genes is expressed at the RNA level in the amphibian Xenopus. EMBO J (1993) 1.32
Ancestral polymorphism of Mhc class II genes in mice: implications for balancing selection and the mammalian molecular clock. Genetics (1997) 1.04
Full-length sequence analysis of the HLA-DRB1 locus suggests a recent origin of alleles. Immunogenetics (2007) 0.98
Evolution of major histocompatibility complex class II allelic diversity: direct descent in mice and humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1992) 0.98
A uniquely high level of recombination at the HLA-B locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 0.98
X-linked cone dystrophy caused by mutation of the red and green cone opsins. Am J Hum Genet (2010) 0.96
The implications of intergenic polymorphism for major histocompatibility complex evolution. Genetics (2000) 0.95
Recombination and the origin of sequence diversity in the DRB MHC class II locus in chamois (Rupicapra spp.). Immunogenetics (2005) 0.92
Contrasting histories of avian and mammalian Mhc genes revealed by class II B sequences from songbirds. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1995) 0.91
Structure and evolution of a new avian MHC class II B gene in a sub-Antarctic seabird, the thin-billed prion (Procellariiformes: Pachyptila belcheri). J Mol Evol (2009) 0.84
Diversification of porcine MHC class II genes: evidence for selective advantage. Immunogenetics (2009) 0.80
Ancestral major histocompatibility complex DRB genes beget conserved patterns of localized polymorphisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1996) 0.80
A human-specific allelic group of the MHC DRB1 gene in primates. J Physiol Anthropol (2014) 0.79
Sequence features of HLA-DRB1 locus define putative basis for gene conversion and point mutations. BMC Genomics (2008) 0.79
Pulmonary angiography for the diagnosis of thromboembolic events in the non-human primate. Transplantation (2004) 0.78
Evolution of MHC class II E beta diversity within the genus Peromyscus. Genetics (2003) 0.77
Recombination and selection in the major histocompatibility complex of the endangered forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii). Sci Rep (2015) 0.76
The polymerase chain reaction and other amplification techniques in immunological research and diagnosis. Immunology (1992) 0.75
DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1977) 790.54
Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science (1988) 220.77
Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction. Methods Enzymol (1987) 58.68
Hypervariable 'minisatellite' regions in human DNA. Nature (1985) 31.03
HLA-DQ beta gene contributes to susceptibility and resistance to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Nature (1987) 10.70
A hypothetical model of the foreign antigen binding site of class II histocompatibility molecules. Nature (1988) 5.99
The basis for the immunoregulatory role of macrophages and other accessory cells. Science (1987) 4.51
Allelic sequence variation of the HLA-DQ loci: relationship to serology and to insulin-dependent diabetes susceptibility. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 4.19
Adaptive evolution in the stomach lysozymes of foregut fermenters. Nature (1987) 3.78
Immunological time scale for hominid evolution. Science (1967) 3.76
Structural characteristics of an antigen required for its interaction with Ia and recognition by T cells. Nature (1987) 3.63
HLA-A and B polymorphisms predate the divergence of humans and chimpanzees. Nature (1988) 3.21
Structure, sequence and polymorphism in the HLA-D region. Immunol Rev (1985) 2.16
Hypervariable minisatellite DNA is a hotspot for homologous recombination in human cells. Cell (1990) 2.11
Nucleotide sequences of chimpanzee MHC class I alleles: evidence for trans-species mode of evolution. EMBO J (1988) 1.98
Human class II major histocompatibility complex genes and proteins. Annu Rev Biochem (1988) 1.78
Polymorphism of human Ia antigens: gene conversion between two DR beta loci results in a new HLA-D/DR specificity. Nature (1986) 1.57
Ancient roots for polymorphism at the HLA-DQ alpha locus in primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.46
Analysis of HLA-DP allelic sequence polymorphism using the in vitro enzymatic DNA amplification of DP-alpha and DP-beta loci. J Immunol (1988) 1.26
Rapid HLA-DPB typing using enzymatically amplified DNA and nonradioactive sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Immunogenetics (1990) 1.25
Allelic diversification at the class II DQB locus of the mammalian major histocompatibility complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.18
Nucleotide sequences of immunoglobulin epsilon genes of chimpanzee and orangutan: DNA molecular clock and hominoid evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1987) 1.08
Polymorphism of human Ia antigens generated by reciprocal intergenic exchange between two DR beta loci. Nature (1987) 0.96
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1989. Immunol Today (1990) 0.96
DRB1*LY10--a new DRB1 allele and its haplotypic association. Immunogenetics (1990) 0.78
HLA-DR beta-chain polymorphism. Second domain polymorphism reflects evolutionary relatedness of alleles and may explain public serologic epitopes. J Immunol (1989) 0.78
Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science (1988) 220.77
Enzymatic amplification of beta-globin genomic sequences and restriction site analysis for diagnosis of sickle cell anemia. Science (1985) 95.08
Direct cloning and sequence analysis of enzymatically amplified genomic sequences. Science (1986) 19.54
Generation of single-stranded DNA by the polymerase chain reaction and its application to direct sequencing of the HLA-DQA locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 18.72
Analysis of enzymatically amplified beta-globin and HLA-DQ alpha DNA with allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. Nature (1986) 17.77
Amplification and analysis of DNA sequences in single human sperm and diploid cells. Nature (1988) 10.84
Length mutations in human mitochondrial DNA: direct sequencing of enzymatically amplified DNA. Nucleic Acids Res (1987) 10.38
DNA typing from single hairs. Nature (1988) 9.32
Phenotypic expression in E. coli of a DNA sequence coding for mouse dihydrofolate reductase. Nature (1978) 8.76
Characterization of beta-thalassaemia mutations using direct genomic sequencing of amplified single copy DNA. Nature (1987) 8.58
Genetic analysis of amplified DNA with immobilized sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 7.79
Allelic sequence variation of the HLA-DQ loci: relationship to serology and to insulin-dependent diabetes susceptibility. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 4.19
Analysis of DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues by enzymatic amplification and hybridization with sequence-specific oligonucleotides. Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1987) 4.05
The polymerase chain reaction. Trends Genet (1989) 3.95
Nomenclature for the major histocompatibility complexes of different species: a proposal. Immunogenetics (1990) 3.53
Western Blot analysis of the antigens of Toxoplasma gondii recognized by human IgM and IgG antibodies. J Immunol (1983) 3.53
Lack of association between early exposure to cow's milk protein and beta-cell autoimmunity. Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) JAMA (1996) 3.52
Rapid prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell anemia by a new method of DNA analysis. N Engl J Med (1987) 3.44
A sensitive radioimmunoassay for detecting products translated from cloned DNA fragments. Cell (1978) 3.30
Limited heterogeneity of rearranged T-cell receptor V alpha transcripts in brains of multiple sclerosis patients. Nature (1990) 3.30
Newborn screening for HLA markers associated with IDDM: diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY). Diabetologia (1996) 3.23
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2010. Tissue Antigens (2010) 3.22
Analysis of RAS gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia by polymerase chain reaction and oligonucleotide probes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 2.99
The role of HLA class II genes in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: molecular analysis of 180 Caucasian, multiplex families. Am J Hum Genet (1996) 2.90
HLA class II allelic variation and susceptibility to pemphigus vulgaris. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1988) 2.72
High-resolution, high-throughput HLA genotyping by next-generation sequencing. Tissue Antigens (2009) 2.64
Diagnosis of sickle cell anemia and beta-thalassemia with enzymatically amplified DNA and nonradioactive allele-specific oligonucleotide probes. N Engl J Med (1988) 2.64
Population variation of human mtDNA control region sequences detected by enzymatic amplification and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Am J Hum Genet (1991) 2.56
Preferential PCR amplification of alleles: mechanisms and solutions. PCR Methods Appl (1992) 2.47
Polymorphism, recombination, and linkage disequilibrium within the HLA class II region. J Immunol (1992) 2.39
Structure, sequence and polymorphism in the HLA-D region. Immunol Rev (1985) 2.16
A multilocus genotyping assay for candidate markers of cardiovascular disease risk. Genome Res (1999) 2.13
Selection for T-cell receptor V beta-D beta-J beta gene rearrangements with specificity for a myelin basic protein peptide in brain lesions of multiple sclerosis. Nature (1993) 2.01
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1990. Tissue Antigens (1991) 1.98
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2002. Tissue Antigens (2002) 1.89
Recent origin of HLA-DRB1 alleles and implications for human evolution. Nat Genet (1998) 1.89
A putative vulnerability locus to multiple sclerosis maps to 5p14-p12 in a region syntenic to the murine locus Eae2. Nat Genet (1996) 1.81
A multi-site study using high-resolution HLA genotyping by next generation sequencing. Tissue Antigens (2011) 1.81
Relative predispositional effects of HLA class II DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes and genotypes on type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Tissue Antigens (2007) 1.77
A diabetes-susceptible HLA haplotype is best defined by a combination of HLA-DR and -DQ alleles. J Clin Invest (1989) 1.72
The HLA class II locus DPB1 can influence susceptibility to type 1 diabetes. Diabetes (2000) 1.69
Quantitative determination of bone marrow transplant engraftment using fluorescent polymerase chain reaction primers for human identity markers. Blood (1995) 1.68
Isolation of a cDNA clone for the human HLA-DR antigen alpha chain by using a synthetic oligonucleotide as a hybridization probe. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1982) 1.64
Multi-locus candidate gene polymorphisms and risk of myocardial infarction: a population-based, prospective genetic analysis. J Thromb Haemost (2006) 1.61
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1991. WHO Nomenclature Committee for factors of the HLA system. Tissue Antigens (1992) 1.58
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2004. Tissue Antigens (2005) 1.57
Multifactor dimensionality reduction reveals gene-gene interactions associated with multiple sclerosis susceptibility in African Americans. Genes Immun (2006) 1.56
A natural ErbB4 isoform that does not activate phosphoinositide 3-kinase mediates proliferation but not survival or chemotaxis. J Biol Chem (2000) 1.55
HLA DR-DQ associations with cervical carcinoma show papillomavirus-type specificity. Nat Genet (1994) 1.52
Initiation of protein synthesis in bacteria at a translational start codon of mamalian cDNA: effects of the preceding nucleotide sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1980) 1.51
A method for typing polymorphism at the HLA-A locus using PCR amplification and immobilized oligonucleotide probes. Tissue Antigens (1994) 1.49
T-cell receptor V alpha and C alpha alleles associated with multiple and myasthenia gravis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.47
The association of specific HLA class I and II alleles with type 1 diabetes among Filipinos. Tissue Antigens (2002) 1.47
Ancient roots for polymorphism at the HLA-DQ alpha locus in primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.46
Rapid typing of HLA-DQB1 DNA polymorphism using nonradioactive oligonucleotide probes and amplified DNA. Immunogenetics (1991) 1.45
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1998. Tissue Antigens (1999) 1.40
HLA sequence polymorphism and the origin of humans. Science (1996) 1.39
Erbb4 and its isoforms: selective regulation of growth factor responses by naturally occurring receptor variants. Trends Cardiovasc Med (2000) 1.39
DNA sequence and characterization of human class II major histocompatibility complex beta chains from the DR1 haplotype. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1985) 1.39
Molecular genetic analysis of 178 I-Abm12-reactive T cells. J Exp Med (1989) 1.36
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1995. Tissue Antigens (1995) 1.34
High throughput HLA genotyping using 454 sequencing and the Fluidigm Access Array™ System for simplified amplicon library preparation. Tissue Antigens (2013) 1.34
16(th) IHIW : review of HLA typing by NGS. Int J Immunogenet (2013) 1.27
HLA diversity, differentiation, and haplotype evolution in Mesoamerican Natives. Hum Immunol (2001) 1.27
Analysis of HLA-DP allelic sequence polymorphism using the in vitro enzymatic DNA amplification of DP-alpha and DP-beta loci. J Immunol (1988) 1.26
Rapid HLA-DPB typing using enzymatically amplified DNA and nonradioactive sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Immunogenetics (1990) 1.25
Extended DR3-D6S273-HLA-B haplotypes are associated with increased susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in US Caucasians. Tissue Antigens (2005) 1.25
Immunological detection and characterization of products translated from cloned DNA fragments. Methods Enzymol (1979) 1.25
High-resolution HLA class I typing in the CEPH families: analysis of linkage disequilibrium among HLA loci. Tissue Antigens (2000) 1.23
Transcriptional regulation of HLA class II and invariant chain genes. J Immunol (1985) 1.23
Multi-locus HLA class I and II allele and haplotype associations with follicular lymphoma. Tissue Antigens (2012) 1.22
Identification of an antigen-specific immunoglobulin M antibody associated with acute Toxoplasma infection. Infect Immun (1983) 1.21
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2000. Tissue Antigens (2001) 1.21
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1994. Tissue Antigens (1994) 1.19
Allelic diversification at the class II DQB locus of the mammalian major histocompatibility complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1990) 1.18
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1996. Tissue Antigens (1997) 1.18
HLA-DQB1*0602 is associated with dominant protection from diabetes even among islet cell antibody-positive first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM. Diabetes (1995) 1.16
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1995. Hum Immunol (1995) 1.16
Next-generation sequencing can reveal in vitro-generated PCR crossover products: some artifactual sequences correspond to HLA alleles in the IMGT/HLA database. Tissue Antigens (2014) 1.15
PCR and DNA sequencing. Biotechniques (1990) 1.15
Genetic control of arthritis onset, severity and chronicity in a model for rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Nat Genet (1998) 1.14
DRB1*04 and DQ alleles: expression of 21-hydroxylase autoantibodies and risk of progression to Addison's disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab (1999) 1.14
Human leukocyte antigen class I and II alleles and risk of cervical neoplasia: results from a population-based study in Costa Rica. J Infect Dis (2001) 1.14
Association between type 1 diabetes age of onset and HLA among sibling pairs. Diabetes (1999) 1.12
Sequence analysis of the HLA-DR beta and HLA-DQ beta loci from three Pemphigus vulgaris patients. Hum Immunol (1988) 1.12
Genetic linkage analysis of collagen-induced arthritis in the mouse. Eur J Immunol (1998) 1.11
A specific HLA-DP beta allele is associated with pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis but not adult rheumatoid arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1989) 1.11
Evolution of HLA class II molecules: Allelic and amino acid site variability across populations. Genetics (1999) 1.10
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 1989. Tissue Antigens (1990) 1.10
Rapid typing of DNA sequence polymorphism at the HLA-DRB1 locus using the polymerase chain reaction and nonradioactive oligonucleotide probes. Hum Immunol (1991) 1.09
Use of synthetic oligonucleotide probes complementary to genes for human HLA-DR alpha and beta as extension primers for the isolation of 5'-specific genomic clones. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.09
Modeling of HLA class II susceptibility to Type I diabetes reveals an effect associated with DPB1. Genet Epidemiol (2001) 1.09
Biochemical characterization of an invariant polypeptide associated with Ia antigens in human and mouse. Mol Immunol (1983) 1.08
Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system, 2000. Eur J Immunogenet (2001) 1.08
Mapping of the genes encoding the HLA-DR alpha chain and the HLA-related antigens to a chromosome 6 deletion by using genomic blotting. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1983) 1.06
Beta-cell autoantibodies in infants and toddlers without IDDM relatives: diabetes autoimmunity study in the young (DAISY). J Autoimmun (1996) 1.05
Association of susceptibility to multiple sclerosis in Sweden with HLA class II DRB1 and DQB1 alleles. Hum Immunol (1994) 1.03
HLA-D alleles associated with generalized disease, localized disease, and putative immunity in Onchocerca volvulus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A (1994) 1.03
The genetics of primary nocturnal enuresis: inheritance and suggestion of a second major gene on chromosome 12q. J Med Genet (1997) 1.03